In this material:

A business plan for the production of paving slabs with calculations will help you understand how profitable it is to start this business. When choosing a field of activity, it is necessary to give preference to the manufacture of those products for which there will be demand regardless of the economic situation in the country. This includes the production of goods used for the construction and decoration of houses and local areas. For example, it is profitable to produce paving slabs. The basis for the success of a future business is the correct preparation of a business plan, on the basis of which the company’s activities will be conducted.

Competition in this industry is quite high, but demand is also high. It is increasing due to the development of the construction of country houses, improvement of the streets of cities and villages. This business is also considered the least expensive. Any business should begin with registration; small organizations are best registered as individual entrepreneurs. The production of paving slabs does not require obtaining a large number of permits. Registration as an individual entrepreneur allows you to follow a simplified taxation scheme. The production of paving slabs does not require mandatory certification. To increase demand for their own products, an entrepreneur can undergo the certification procedure voluntarily. The finished samples will be tested for the level of frost resistance, moisture resistance, resistance to mechanical damage and exposure to atmospheric factors.

In the initial stages, attention should be paid to the private sector. Here it is enough to produce small batches of goods, while the demand for products is quite high. Garden paths are resurfaced every year. When choosing a durable and aesthetically attractive material for decorating local areas, paving slabs are preferred by most owners of private houses. When drawing up a business plan, you should decide on the necessary equipment. This will help you calculate the costs of starting your own business. The plan should also include the costs of purchasing raw materials that will be needed to produce any batches of goods.

The ideal option is to purchase the premises as your own. It may be small. All equipment can be placed on an area of ​​50 sq.m. About 30 sq.m. will be used for equipment. The remaining area will be used for storing finished products. The premises can also be rented. It must meet fire safety requirements and be connected to the electrical network. A drying chamber will need to be placed in the room.

Paving slab production technology

There are 2 ways to make this product. If the company will be producing large quantities of material, it is recommended to use vibrocompression technology. It is performed in several stages. They start by preparing the concrete mixture in a concrete mixer, after which the solution is fed into the matrix of a concrete block press. At the next stage, vibrators and a punch are used, which compact the material and send it to a special pallet. The tray is placed in the drying chamber. At the third stage, the paving slabs are dried using the thermal-moist method, using water vapor heated to a certain temperature.

To reduce the cost of work, products can be dried without the use of special equipment. Vibration casting technology implies a slightly different procedure for performing work. First, the concrete solution is prepared. It is then poured into molds placed on a vibrating table. Molds with finished products are placed on pallets and left indoors for 2 days. After this, the molds are heated to 60°C and the finished products are removed from them. By performing work on the production of paving slabs using this technology, it is possible to obtain products of unique shapes.

Calculation of costs for opening a tile production enterprise

First of all, you need to purchase a brick making machine, the cost of which is about 1 million rubles. About 200 thousand rubles will be required to purchase a concrete mixer and 100 thousand to purchase a punch. This equipment will make it possible to produce products using the vibration pressing method. It is less expensive to purchase the equipment necessary for the production of tiles using the vibration casting method. A vibrating table costs about 150 thousand rubles, a mold for pouring concrete mixture costs from 100 rubles per piece, about 40 thousand rubles will be required to purchase a concrete mixer. To wash the molds you will need a bath that costs about 70 thousand rubles.

For a small enterprise producing paving slabs, it is enough to hire 3 employees. The storekeeper can also act as a driver. When preparing accounting reports and maintaining documentation, you can use the services of outsourcing companies.

Paving slabs are made of concrete with the addition of a plasticizer. 1 cubic meter of solution costs approximately 3,000 rubles. Up to 15 square meters of tiles can be made from it. Thus, the average cost of 1 sq.m of material will be 150 rubles. To this value you need to add about 60 rubles spent on electricity, labor and additional expenses. The finished product is sold for an average of 300 rubles.

If you take a responsible approach to quality control of your products, you can quickly gain customers. In this case, due to the use of inexpensive materials, the profitability of the project will approach 150%. Thus, even large expenses for the purchase of equipment will pay off within a short period of time.

Currently, the production of construction and finishing materials is considered one of the most attractive fields of activity for budding entrepreneurs.

The production of paving stones requires significant financial costs in the initial stages, but it can bring good profits in the future.

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Production of paving slabs: business plan step by step + 5 types of tiles + 3 production methods + detailed investment calculations.

Capital investments: 968,800 rubles.
Payback period: 3 months.

Production of paving slabs- a profitable business with a long-term development perspective.

The infrastructure of modern cities requires constant replenishment of reserves of building materials, including paving slabs.

Why paving slabs? Because this is a business that is always relevant. Think about how many sidewalks are tiled in your city. The building materials market is always in demand + the pace of infrastructure development is increasing, which implies an increase in the need for consumables.

Own tile production is an expensive business, because the cost of high-quality equipment starts from $5,000. The main positive side is the profitability of over 100%.

Do you have the money and desire to open your own paving slab production? Let's start building now!

Production of paving slabs - let's start with marketing

To begin with, you should answer a few basic questions about promoting any product:

1. What to sell?
2. Who should I sell to?
3. What price should I set?

The correct answers to these questions can form the perfect sales marketing plan. Start with the first one.

What to sell?

Paving slabs? This is not the answer that will give you a competitive advantage.

You need to decide on a specific product. Initially, you will have a small production line - you shouldn’t spread yourself thin.

Consider the main types of tiles and choose the option that suits you:

View	a brief description of
Sidewalk paving stones	The surface of the tile is hard and frost-resistant; it contains granite chips. Rectangular or chipped shape, the lower and side edges are smooth, the color scheme is predominantly strict. Reusable and resistant to mechanical damage.
Crumb rubber tiles	The composition includes crumb rubber + polyurethane glue. Shape and size may vary depending on the area of ​​use. It is used for children's and sports grounds, places with an increased risk of injury.
Reinforced	High strength tiles. Inside there is a wire mesh that can significantly increase the mechanical resistance of the product. Produced only by vibration casting. It is frost-resistant, adheres to a strict design, and is used for laying parking lots and entrances to factory buildings.
Polymer sand	Consists of polymer, sand and pigment. Lightweight and frost-resistant, used for laying pedestrian areas. The only negative is low strength. The production method is characterized by the use of high pressure to increase the homogeneity of the mixture.
3D design	Paving slabs with 3D print. The peculiarity is that the print is resistant to mechanical damage and all kinds of weather conditions. In terms of its physical qualities, it is in no way different from the most ordinary paving slabs.

So, the production of paving stones for sidewalks is the best solution for a beginning entrepreneur.

Paving stones are easy to make and popular both in the city and in the private sector. Simplicity sells well. Simple forms appeal to most potential buyers.

Who should I sell to?

The sales market for paving slabs is limited by the scope of application.

Think about where you could find tiles? Obviously on the sidewalks! You do understand that it is advisable to use paving slabs only for laying city roadsides, or to use them for decorating private sector areas?

We determine a list of possible customers:

• State utility structures that are engaged in beautification of the city territory.
• Construction companies.
• Owners of private sector houses.

Which one should you focus on?

Of course, the best customer is government agencies. They will provide you with constant sales volumes.

But, as a beginner, you do not have the necessary status and opportunity to immediately get into the ranks of leaders.
The target audience for the project that will be discussed in this guide is the private sector.

Owners of private buildings purchase considerable volumes of tiles. It gives a certain status to the “estate” and promotes comfortable movement in the yard in any weather.

What price should I set?

Vibration pressing. This path will allow the entrepreneur to increase the volume of goods. But at the same time, you will have to shell out a fairly substantial amount of money on equipment for the production of paving slabs.

Financial issue: equipment for the production of paving slabs

Buying a new brick making machine or finding a used one is a pressing question for a novice entrepreneur.

Compare prices for all major equipment and draw the appropriate conclusions:

Equipment	Cost, rub.)	Purpose
Vibropress	~ 500 000	Production of paving slabs. Depending on the shape of the matrix, it can be used to produce blocks and other building materials from concrete mortar. Due to vibration and the influence of the punch, the solution is converted into a dense structure.
Hyperpress	450 000	Allows you to form tiles using high hydraulic pressure, thereby compacting the mixture to the desired hardness.
Vibrating table	30 000	The solution in the matrix hardens due to prolonged exposure to vibration. At the end we get tiles that need to undergo a long drying process.
Form	100	Formation of a product with specified parameters. The forms are made of plastic, which ensures durability and functionality + resistance to the influence of the solution.
Rack	2 750	Size: 2000x300x1000 mm. Used to place tiles during the drying process. The base is steel. The rack must be able to withstand the appropriate load.
Concrete mixer	14 000	With the help of a concrete mixer, the solution acquires a uniform consistency, which avoids differences in the composition of the finished tiles.

A complete production line costs from 50,000 to 800,000 RUR. Equipment for the production of paving slabs using a brick press will cost 520,000 rubles.

1) Molds for the production of paving slabs.

Molds for the production of paving slabs deserve special attention. They differ in their design, resistance to mechanical damage, and composition.

Let's look at a comparative table that will give you an idea of ​​the main types of forms depending on the composition:

Compound	Peculiarities
Metal	Durable, simple design. If you have experience working with welding and metal, you can try making the mold yourself. Problem: constant exposure of metal to water leads to rapid corrosion. It is important to use stainless metal.
Tree	Affordable, you can easily assemble it yourself using plywood and wooden slats. Easy to modify. Problem: the wood becomes saturated with moisture and swells, making it difficult to remove the tiles. You can use polyethylene mats to avoid direct contact of the solution with the wood.
Plastic	The forms are light, quite strong, but short-lived, since plastic does not have the best strength indicators . You won't be able to make a mold yourself - working with liquid plastic is very difficult.
Silicone	Flexible forms capable of withstanding 50 to 100 cycles of use. High-quality silicone allows you to create tiles of any shape, which is a huge plus.

Every tile manufacturer faces a question: is it possible to make a mold yourself?

A standard mold is used 50 (plastic) to 200 (metal) times.

To avoid big expenses, you can make molds yourself. The best material is metal or wood. Savings - 50%. But if you are not confident in your design abilities, the best way out is to buy a ready-made mold.

Making molds yourself makes sense only if you use a vibrating table as the main production method. Assembling a matrix for a brick making machine yourself is not the best idea, because you will not be able to adhere to the technological process from start to finish.

2) Machine for the production of paving slabs.

The cost of a brick press ranges from 300,000 to 500,000 rubles. Not the best price for a novice entrepreneur! Is it possible to find an alternative to a new tile making machine?

A used machine costs 40 - 50% less than a new one. But it is important to understand that such savings in the first stages of production will lead to future expenses for repairs + may result in a complete stop of work.

Does a machine for producing paving slabs with such an appearance inspire confidence in you?

Is risk a noble cause?

It's up to you to decide. Remember that idle operation of the mini-plant will lead to a decrease in efficiency. The best solution is not to save money and buy a new press that will ensure uninterrupted operation of the enterprise.

How to decide on the premises?

We sorted out the equipment. Now it’s time to think about where to place all the production equipment.

What should you consider when choosing a room?

Remember, you need to think about the location of the warehouse and workshop in the same room. For these purposes you will need 100-120 sq. m.

Obviously, producing paving slabs at home is nonsense.

1. Ceiling height >3 m.

Water supply.

Water is necessary both for concrete formation and for hygienic purposes.

2. Electricity - 3 phases.

Availability of space zoning.

It is necessary to separate the workshop area from the warehouse and the hygienic corner.

Convenient access to the warehouse.

You are engaged in the production of tiles, transportation of which is not the easiest task. Take care of your customers - organize a comfortable entrance.

Rental price 1 sq. m. warehouse - 150 rub. Respectively, room of 100 sq. m. will cost 15,000 rubles/month.

Personnel for the production of paving slabs

How many personnel are needed to service the workshop? First, you should figure out the volumes of tiles that you are ready to produce per day.

For the operation of a workshop that produces 50 sq. m. of tiles per day using a vibropress, you need to hire 3 employees:

The work of a sales manager and accountant will fall on your shoulders. When the company begins to generate stable income, you can hire specialists for these positions.

Newbies in the production of paving slabs

often make many mistakes due to ignorance of technology.

Important secrets from the manufacturer in this video will help you avoid them!

Production of paving slabs: equipment, personnel, premises - financial calculations

968,800 rubles - start-up capital for opening a tile production. How much money should you shell out for monthly infusions?

Monthly investment in tile production

Every month production will take 383,000 rubles from you.

Profitability calculation

• 50 sq. m. of tiles per day – 1,500 sq. m. per month;
• 1 sq. m. costs 550 rubles;
• “dirty” income will be 825,000 rubles;
• “clean” - 442,000 rubles;
• payback – 3 months.

Profitability is very high, which allows you to achieve payback in 3 months and then work to expand production. This is the most obvious advantage of this business idea.

You learned the basics of how to organize production of paving slabs. Business plan- this is only a small part in the practical implementation of the project. Study the technological process, the legislative component and start working on your business today.

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The advantages of this building material include:

• durability (the average service life of asphalt pavement is 7 years, for paving slabs - about 30);
• ease of installation (no heavy construction equipment required);
• frost resistance;
• environmental friendliness (paving stones, unlike asphalt, do not emit harmful volatile products in the heat - when replacing 1 million m2, 665 tons less toxic substances will enter the atmosphere during the year);
• no puddles form on the tiles.

To start production you will not have to obtain special permits or licenses. Certification is also not required. Although, if desired, it is worth going through the certification procedure, since the presence of documents confirming the high quality of products will stimulate consumer demand. The procedure is inexpensive - about 20 thousand rubles.

The business plan must take into account a number of key points related to the legal form of the enterprise, the choice of premises, the purchase of equipment and the hiring of workers. The successful implementation of the project will ultimately depend on how responsibly you approach drawing up a business plan and correctly make all the calculations.

Organizational aspects

Our business plan provides that to organize production it is enough to become an individual entrepreneur. The procedure is simple. You will need:

• make a photocopy of your passport;
• have it certified by a notary;
• write an application to the tax authorities;
• pay the state fee.

After 2-5 days, the Tax Inspectorate will issue you a TIN and OGRN (certificate of registration as an individual entrepreneur).

An example of calculations of registration costs is contained in the sample business plan we presented.

Room

This business plan implies the presence of production premises with an area of ​​at least 150-160 m2. The building must be equipped with:

• electrical network (380 V);
• running water (cold water is a must, hot water is desirable);
• heating;
• convenient access for transport.

The building should be divided approximately equally. One half will house the production itself. The second half is intended for drying and storing finished products. An indispensable condition is to maintain a year-round temperature of plus 40-45° Celsius.

Our business plan provides that monthly expenses for renting premises will be 60-70 thousand rubles.

Equipment

Production includes work on:

• production of concrete mixture;
• pressing;
• moving finished products to a storage rack;
• packaging.

When calculating the payback period of the project, it is necessary to take into account that the finished paving stones must be stored in a warehouse for about a month to acquire final consumer properties.

The production of paving slabs can be carried out in two ways, each of which will require the purchase of a different set of equipment. The first technology - vibrocompression - requires large financial costs, but has such advantages as:

• high productivity;
• high quality products;
• minimal use of manual labor.

The second technology is vibration casting. The advantages of this method include the relative cheapness of the equipment and the ability to produce paving stones of various configurations and shapes. Among the main disadvantages are lower product quality and high costs associated with less economical consumption of concrete.

The cost of purchasing equipment, depending on the chosen production technology, can range from 600 thousand to 4 million rubles. Our project implementation plan for organizing production is based on the option of using vibrocompression technology, which will require the purchase of an automated line costing 1,950,000 rubles. The calculations can be found in the business plan we presented.

Staff

The production of paving slabs does not require a large number of workers. To fully operate the workshop, 5 people will be required. The foreman directly manages production and keeps records of products sold to consumers. Four workers are engaged in servicing an automated production line - loading raw materials and storing finished goods.

Monthly expenses for staff salaries - 110 thousand rubles. Examples of calculations can be found in our sample business plan.

Profitability calculation

The cost of manufacturing 1 m2 of paving slabs is about 220 rubles. The average market price is 450-500 rubles/m2 (depending on the shape, color and consumer properties, the cost of one meter can reach up to 1200 rubles/m2.

When producing products in two shifts, the workshop will be able to produce approximately 300 m2 of paving stones daily.

Let's make the necessary calculations:

500 - 220 = 280 x 300 = 8,400 rubles. - daily net profit.

8400 x 22 = 180,000 rub. - net profit for 1 month of workshop operation.

Accordingly, the initial investment will pay off within one year.

For detailed calculations, see our sample business plan.

• Where to begin
• Search for premises
• Paving slabs
• Glowing paving slabs
• Curbs
• Which equipment to choose

This article will discuss the organization of a small production workshop for the production of paving slabs and related materials or mini-production. Why "mini"? Because the lion's share of those interested in this business want to start with small capacities, due to the lack of proper capital. And then, as volumes grow, move to another level. Those who have a lot of money, as a rule, are not interested in such articles.

Where to begin

Before setting up production, you can do one simple thing - try to resell paving slabs. Believe me, this is the most difficult thing not only in a particular business, but also in any other manufacturing business. Spending your hard-earned investments on equipment and setting up technology is not so difficult; it will be much more difficult to sell the entire volume produced. To completely reduce any risks, you can work for a similar company for some time. The best position is sales manager. Such an employee, due to his job responsibilities, usually knows the entire “kitchen” of any production. And for you, as a future business organizer, you can’t think of a better option. This is an invaluable experience that will help save you millions in the future. You won’t find in any article on the Internet everything that you will find in practice.

Search for premises

What you can definitely save on at the beginning is the premises. The quality of the tiles produced does not depend in any way on where you are - in a perfectly renovated room or in the courtyard of your home. At first, any large rental costs can be detrimental to your business, so if you decide to rent something, take the cheapest options. For example, in the industrial area of ​​the city. Of course, you shouldn’t take the entire “departure” of the workshop. The main thing is the availability of convenient access roads and uninterrupted electricity. The rest of the “delights” can be neglected at first.

Assortment of goods - what to produce in a mini-production

What you shouldn’t skimp on at the beginning is developing the range and technology for making tiles. As noted above, the buyer does not care where the tiles were made. He cares about quality and price. If you can make a product that is competitive in terms of price and with the proper quality, you are guaranteed success. If you study the reviews of existing businessmen, you will understand that it took many manufacturers years to perfect the technology for making paving slabs. For the most part, this is due to the fact that the organizers did not really invest in this direction, but did everything themselves, by trial and error. I don’t think you are interested in such a scenario.

It will be interesting:

• Feasibility study for the production of paving slabs
• Production of paving slabs - profitability from 50%

Hiring an experienced technologist familiar with this production can help in developing the technology. As an option, you can contact a company that has been producing tiles for a long time and which at the same time sells technology. Such companies exist, you just need to look for them. As a result, you can come to an agreement and generally become an official representative office in your region. This is good for you because you receive full advice on starting a business, from choosing equipment and developing technology to advertising and establishing sales. What exactly can be produced in a mini-production environment? Read on.

Paving slabs

A popular material for covering paths, approaches to buildings and street sidewalks. Very easy to install and resistant to temperature changes. Does not melt in the sun and does not emit harmful substances when exposed to direct sunlight. It can be made from several types of raw materials, but concrete (a mixture of cement, sand, plasticizers and water) is considered the most popular and affordable. Portland cement grade 500 should be used optimally. The most common product shapes are rectangular tile, hexagon, coil, thick, square, diamond and wave. In the production of paving slabs, two well-known technologies are used - vibration pressing and vibration casting. We'll talk in more detail about choosing a production method below.

Glowing paving slabs

A slightly more expensive, but increasingly popular coating is considered to be luminous paving slabs. In its production, concrete is used as the top layer with the addition of a luminous component - phosphor, which does not lose its properties for 200 years. Phosphor is a chemical composition that has a light-accumulative memory. The light energy collected during the day is then released at night. Imagine how unusual a night path made of luminous paving slabs looks. If you correctly convey to the buyer all the advantages of this product, you can earn very good money. Of course, you should not place the main emphasis on the production of these products, but as an expansion of the assortment, luminous tiles can be a good help. Because from time to time you may come across clients who are ready to overpay for a highlight in the design of their local area or recreation center.

Curbs

Often, in parallel with paving slabs, a road curb is also made. This is a popular material used in the construction of courtyard driveways and sidewalk paths. The technology for making curbs is similar to the technology for making paving slabs. The main difference is that heavier grades of concrete (B 30) are used for the curb. The most frequent customers of road curbs are government agencies that take on large orders through a tender (auction). Most purchased lines for the production of paving slabs also have the ability to produce wall and partition blocks. This material is used for the construction of non-load-bearing walls in low-rise and high-rise construction. The raw material for wall blocks is high-quality concrete produced from cement, purified water, inert filler and plasticizers. They are produced using the same vibration pressing method.

Vibration pressing or vibration casting

All manufacturers, from small to large, agree that the best way to produce paving slabs today is the vibrocompression method. It has a number of advantages over the vibration casting method. To understand the difference, let's first briefly describe each technology.

Production technology using vibration casting

When vibrating casting, compaction of the concrete mixture occurs in special polypropylene forms placed on a vibrating table. Vibration is carried out using an electric motor. After 18 - 24 hours, the product is removed from the mold and sent to the warehouse. The resulting tile is almost perfectly flat. In fact, this is the only advantage of this method, not counting the low cost of the equipment and technology itself. Video - production of paving slabs using vibration casting method

Several obvious shortcomings immediately catch your eye. The first is production speed. Due to the fact that each product must be kept in the mold for a long time, productivity will be extremely low. Or you need a lot of forms (and places to store them), which will require corresponding costs at the start. Moreover, each forum needs to be poured, then formwork must be done, and all this requires time and manual labor. Another common problem that occurs when using vibration casting is that the tiles are of different thicknesses. As a result, this affects the quality indicators of the entire batch. When laying such tiles, protrusions and depressions are possible. The vibration casting method is most often chosen by small manufacturers with extremely limited capital, who are ready to reduce the productivity and quality of manufactured products just to save money at the initial stage. But will this do any good? Controversial issue.

The vibrocompression method requires several large investments at the start, because it is necessary to purchase the appropriate installations - vibropresses. The price of even the lowest-power press is at least 300,000 rubles. During vibrocompression, the concrete mixture is placed on a mold standing on a bed. The bed constantly vibrates. At the same time, a pressure of 35 atmospheres is applied to the mixture using a punch. The punch also vibrates continuously. The entire process takes no more than 6 seconds, after which the punch rises and the finished product remains on the pallet. As a result, even the most budget presses are capable of producing 45 square meters per shift. m of paving slabs (in monetary terms this is about 16,000 rubles in revenue). The tiles are more dense, frost-resistant, much less manual labor is required and raw materials are significantly saved. Moreover, a decrease in the water-cement ratio allows the use of budget cement grade M-400. Ultimately, this all affects the lower cost of manufactured products, in contrast to tiles produced using vibration casting technology. This results in higher net income from 1 quarter. m.

Selection of equipment (brick presses)

The choice of equipment depends entirely on the amount of capital that the entrepreneur is willing to spend. The more expensive the equipment, the higher its automation, as a rule. That is, the more you invest in the strategy, the more you can potentially earn. For example, you can simply purchase a machine that will press tiles. And the remaining operations will have to be done manually. At the same time, you can purchase additional equipment that will, for example, stack tiles on a pallet. There are even separate lines that automatically place products on racks and send them to the steaming chamber. The savings on manual labor are colossal, but the difference in price can amount to hundreds of thousands of dollars. e. Also, when planning your budget, it is worth taking into account the costs of purchasing press forms. Because each individual type of tile (triangle, square, etc.) requires its own unique shape. That is, the higher the range of products, the more varied forms are required. The price of a new form can reach up to 10,000 USD. It often happens that purchasing a set of molds costs several times more than purchasing the brick making machine itself.

When producing large volumes of paving slabs and other products, the question of purchasing a batching unit may arise. BSU is an installation that prepares large volumes of concrete mixture (1-2 tons each) in just 2-3 minutes. Such devices are prohibitively expensive. For small volumes, at first a regular concrete mixer will do. As for the choice of manufacturer, Finnish and German presses have proven themselves well (for example, Hess). European equipment is distinguished not only by reliability, but also by extremely high productivity and production quality. True, the price for such equipment is appropriate. Plus, with the recent increase in the exchange rate, the purchase of foreign presses is becoming less and less justified.

Which equipment to choose

The best option is to purchase Russian-made equipment. For example, many good reviews can be found about the Rifey and Condor installations produced by Stroytekhnika Plant LLC, which is based in Chelyabinsk. The advantages of their equipment are the versatility of production. For example, the Condor - 2 installation is capable of producing wall blocks (70 pcs./hour), partition blocks (100 pcs./hour), paving slabs (6 m2/hour) and Lego bricks (30 pcs./hour). The price of such a device is 310 thousand rubles. True, for each type of product you will need to purchase several types of punch dies, each of which costs from 29 thousand rubles. Therefore, the estimated amount of investment in equipment of this type will be 700 - 900 thousand rubles.

Brief calculation of the cost and profitability of the production of paving slabs using the vibrocompression method

Cost calculation for 1 sq. m. paving slabs 100x200 mm:

• Cement - 150.8 rub.
• Sand - 55.0 rub.
• Pigment - 36.0 rub.
• Water - 0.34 rub.
• Electricity - 5.53 rub.
• Operation of capital equipment - 0.78 rub.
• Operation of production premises - 5.11 rubles.
• Operation of auxiliary equipment - 8.0 rub.
• Indirect costs - 7.73 rubles.
• Salary - 40.99 rub.
• Contributions to the Pension Fund and Social Insurance Fund (25% of salary) - 10.25 rubles.

Total - 320.52 rubles. Retail price of one sq. m of paving slabs in the regions averages 510 rubles. Profit before tax is: 510 - 320.52 = 189.48 rubles. Taking into account taxes (USN, 15% of profit), net profit from the sale of one sq. m. is 161.06 rub. When selling only 1500 sq. m of paving slabs per month, the company’s net profit will be 241,590 rubles.

Where to start opening a business

If you decide to create your own business creating paving slabs, you need to start such a business with the following steps:

• choosing the premises in which the production of paving slabs will take place (the ideal place would be an industrial zone located close to raw material bases);
• selection of equipment that will be used to create paving slabs (to increase productivity, preference should be given to automated equipment);
• choose the technology that will be used in the tile manufacturing process;
• Certification is optional, which will allow potential buyers to purchase goods from you more confidently.

How much money do you need to start a business?

To open a business for creating paving slabs, the initial capital can be about 170 thousand rubles. The list of costs includes:

• 10 thousand rubles. - purchasing desks for work;
• 70 thousand rubles. - purchase of vibrating screens and vibrating tables;
• about 6 thousand rubles. - purchase of a drill;
• 14 thousand rubles. - necessary equipment;
• 20 thousand rubles. - purchase of concrete mixers;
• about 20 thousand rubles. - rent of premises if necessary;
• 15 thousand rubles. necessary for the design of racks on which finished products will be sold;
• 1 thousand rub. - registration with the tax office;
• 14-20 thousand rubles. will be required for other expenses associated with the purchase of necessary materials.

Which OKVED code to indicate when registering a business?

Manufacturing of various concrete products used in the construction process - OKVED code 26.61. You can also indicate OKVED code 26.30 - production of slabs and ceramic tiles and OKVED code 26.66 - production of other products from gypsum, concrete and cement.

What documents are needed to open

To open your own paving slab production business, you must prepare the following documents:

• a document confirming the opening of an individual entrepreneur or LLC;
• photocopies of birth certificate, passport data and identification code;
• statement;
• a receipt confirming payment of the state duty.

All documents are submitted to the tax office at the place of registration of the future entrepreneur.

Which taxation system to choose for business registration

When choosing a taxation system for the production of paving slabs, preference should be given to a simplified or unified taxation system.

Production technology

When starting production of paving slabs, you should prepare the following materials.

So, you have decided to start a business, where to start?

First, we need to decide what and for whom we will produce, as well as have an idea about the subject of our business.

The demand for paving slabs has always been great. Our consumers will be all segments of small and medium-sized businesses, tenants and owners of shops, enterprises, as well as owners of private houses and summer cottages.

However, today the main use of paving slabs is masonry and road construction. The most popular remains rectangular tiles in the form of bricks. Easy to use and lay, both paths and parking areas.

Paving slabs in the shape of squares are ideal for creating walkways, paths, sidewalks, decorating steps and porches.
The success of the business depends on a good knowledge of your product, all stages of production, and main advantages.

Business organization.

The first step is to register your business as an entrepreneur and familiarize yourself with the taxation system. In this case, taxes will be 6% of revenue or 15% of profit. Registering a business is quite simple, since paving slabs are not certified. However, if you wish, you can order a special certificate from the certification service and receive a tile quality certificate. The cost of testing ranges from 3 to 10 thousand rubles in various laboratories.
So, we receive a business registration certificate and register with the tax authorities. It is important that an individual entrepreneur is a private person and has no relation to legal entities. This gives us the advantage of limiting ourselves to collecting only 4 documents:

1) Copy of passport
2) Copy of TIN
3) Receipt for payment of state duty
4) Application for registration of activities.
The cost of registering an individual entrepreneur is 800 rubles. state duties and by law takes only 5 working days.

Room.

When choosing a room, you must be guided by the footage, at least 80 m2. It is important to have communications, electricity for equipment operation and water supply. In the warm season, you can save money and not rent storage space, but in winter you will have to ensure optimal temperature conditions and equip it with a drying chamber maintaining 35-45 degrees. Rent will be 20-25 thousand rubles per month.

Staff.

For a production volume of more than 1000 m2, it is quite enough to hire two or three workers. No education is required for this job. Workers mix cement according to one recipe, pour it into molds and dry it. Salary from 10 to 20 thousand rubles. per month.

Equipment and production technology.

Sufficient technologies and equipment have been developed for the production of paving slabs, both manual and automatic. The choice is quite large. The cheapest method for producing paving slabs is vibration casting.

Basic equipment:
- vibrating table
- casting molds
- concrete mixer

Production technology.

1. Prepare the concrete mixture in a concrete mixer
2. Place this mixture in molds on a vibrating table
3. Leave the mixture in the molds for up to 48 hours and cover with PVC film
4. Heat the finished products to 60-70 degrees for about 2 minutes and remove the tiles from the molds on the table.

Raw materials for tile production.

Cement
- sand
- granite crushed stone
- plasticizer S-3
- pigment
- air-entraining additive START

Marketing.

In any business or starting your own business, you can’t do without marketing research. The profitability of the business, the amount of invested funds depend on this, and the risks of ruin are eliminated.
You can conduct market research yourself, or involve a specialist.

It is easy to carry out a comparative analysis by studying supply and demand (production volumes) in the region of your residence. Identify the main complaints and wishes of customers, think about what can be improved.

Advertising is the main driver of good sales in the market. The main task is to find loyal customers.
Types of advertising:
- posting advertisements
- advertising via the Internet by posting advertisements on advertising boards
- creating your own website with a product catalog
- group on social networks
- distribution of leaflets
- advertisements in newspapers, on television

Sales of products.

In order to maximize market coverage and receive a sufficient number of orders, it is necessary to provide a good selection of quality products of various shapes and colors at affordable prices. We need to focus on the common population and help in decorating the territories of private houses.

Financial plan.

The result of our activities will be a financial plan, final approximate cost calculations and a summary of the necessary indicators.

Main parameters:
- room area - 90m2
- rent - 25 thousand rubles. per month
- 1 shift
- productivity - 50 m2 of tiles (1100 m2 per month)
- 22 working days per month.

Equipment costs:
- vibrating table - 1 pc. - 20 thousand rubles.
- molds for tiles - 180 pcs. - 270 thousand rubles.
- concrete mixer (250 l.) - 15 thousand rubles.
- racks - 50 pcs. - 27 thousand 500 rub.
- floor scales - 1 pc. - 11 thousand rubles.
- other equipment - 15 thousand rubles. Total: 358 thousand 500 rubles.

Material costs:
- cement - 16 kg - 78.4 rubles;
- granite crushed stone - 54 kg - 54 rubles;
- plasticizer - 0.3 kg - 11.4 rubles;
- water - 9 l. - 1.26 rubles;
- pigment - 0.3 kg. - 24.3 rub.

Total: 169.36 rub. for the production of 1 m2 of paving slabs.

Employee salaries:

Moulder - 12 thousand rubles;
- molder - 12 thousand rubles;
- accountant - 8 thousand rubles;

Total: 32 thousand rubles. per month.

Total production costs per month, per shift and per 1 m2 of paving slabs:
- raw materials - 186,296 rubles. per month - 8468 rub. per shift - 169.4 rub. per 1m2;
- salary - 32,000 rubles. per month - 1454.5 rub. per shift - 29.1 rub. per 1 m2
- insurance deductions - 9600 rub. per month - 436.4 rub. per shift - 8.7 rub. per 1 m2
- rent - 25,000 rub. per month - 1136.4 rub. per shift - 22.7 rub. per 1 m2
- electricity - 1140 rub. per month - 51.8 rub. per shift - 1.03 rub. per 1 m2
- advertising - 8000 rub. per month - 363.6 rub. per shift - 7.3 rub. per 1 m2
- transportation costs - 6000 rub. per month - 272.7 rub. per shift - 5.5 rub. per 1 m2
- other expenses - 10,000 rubles. per month - 454.5 rub. per shift - 9.1 rub. per 1 m2

Total: 278036 rub. per month - 12639 rub. per shift - 252.8 rub. per 1 m2.

The cost of 1 m2 of paving slabs is 252.8 rubles. All expenses per month will be 278,036 rubles.

Let's calculate the payback of the enterprise, as well as profit:

Cost of 1 m2 - 252.8 rubles;
Sales price for 1 m2 - 400 rubles;
Profit from 1 m2 before taxation - 147.2 rubles;
Profit per month before tax - 161,929 rubles;
Tax simplified tax system - 15% of profit - 24,288 rubles;
Net profit per month - 137,632 rubles;
Net profit per 1 m2 - 125.12 rubles;
Production profitability% - 49.5%;
The payback period for the equipment is 2.6 months.

Conclusion: The profit of our paving slab manufacturing business will be 137.6 thousand rubles per month. Production profitability is 49.5%, and payback is 2.6 months. Such indicators can only be achieved by selling all products.

Payback (profit from sales).

The quality and cost of paving slabs are directly related. The price of a product depends on many factors, such as strength, color, development technology. Poor quality tiles will not last even 5 years, requiring replacement, but good quality tiles will last up to 30 years.

In any business there is competition and tile production is no exception. To withstand the onslaught and remain a leader in the market, timely modernization of production is required, the purchase of new modern equipment such as forklifts, conveyor-type installations to increase production volumes through technological solutions, and not additional recruitment of labor.

The return on investment for the business of producing paving slabs is 100-130% and this is a pretty good figure. This business has quite a lot of advantages - good profits, easy technological process.

However, it is necessary to take into account disadvantages, such as monotony and monotony of work, some seasonality of customer requests. But if you show your creativity in the process, unexpected design solutions, beautiful designs on the tiles, you are guaranteed to enjoy doing what you love.