Cases when an accountant, changing jobs, moves from a commercial structure to a budgetary institution and vice versa, are not so rare. In such a situation, he needs to remember that accounting in both areas, although it relies on general concepts and principles, however, have significant differences. Yulia Volkhina, project manager of SKB Kontur, tells about what exactly these differences are. This article opens a cycle of materials "BuhOnline", which will be devoted to the specifics of budget accounting.

Legal status of the organization

The Civil Code divides organizations into commercial and non-commercial. The main goal of commercial organizations is to make a profit. Accordingly, non-profit organizations are organizations for which profit is not an end in itself. These, in particular, include state and municipal institutions (clause 8, part 3, article of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). Both federal departments and bodies of the subjects of the federation can act as founders of such organizations. municipalities.

A state or municipal institution can be a state, budgetary or autonomous institution (Article 123.22 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). In addition to the "statutory" type of activity, a public sector organization can conduct other work only if it does not contradict the goals of its creation. The addition must be written in the statutory documents.

What regulatory legal acts govern accounting

In questions accounting both budgetary institutions and commercial organizations are governed by the same law - Federal Law dated 06.12.11 No. 402-FZ "On Accounting".

However, additional regulatory legal acts have been developed for each area. Public sector employees also use instructions for using the Unified Chart of Accounts for accounting and separate instructions for each type of state (municipal) institutions: state, budget or autonomous. For commercial structures regulatory framework supplement the provisions (standards) on accounting approved by the Ministry of Finance of Russia.

Main regulatory documents for accounting

Obligations of a budgetary organization

Starting work in budgetary sphere, the accountant will surely face the specifics of property and financial obligations:

• the state (municipal) task is performed by the institution at the expense of subsidies from the corresponding level of the budget of the Russian Federation;
• the property is assigned to the institution on the basis of the right of operational management;
• land plot provided to a budgetary institution on the basis of the right of permanent (unlimited) use;
• the owner of the property is the Russian Federation, a constituent entity of the Russian Federation or a municipality;
• a budgetary institution cannot be responsible for the obligations of property owners;
• an institution has no right to dispose of immovable and especially valuable movable property assigned to it by the owner or acquired at the expense of funds allocated by the owner, etc.

These and other provisions are established by Article 9 of the Federal Law "On Non-Commercial Organizations" No. 7-ФЗ dated 12.01.96.

What is the difference between "commercial" and "budget" accounting charts

In the very accounting of organizations different forms property differences start with a chart of accounts. The essence of the accounts remains the same - accounting for fixed assets and inventories, settlements with suppliers, customers, accountable persons, etc. In this case, the numbers and names of accounts do not match: account 10 "Materials" - in commercial and account 105XX "Inventory" - in the budget accounting.

A budget chart of accounts is one of the biggest challenges for an inexperienced accountant. They are connected with the need to control the targeted use of the allocated funds. If in commercial organization the account includes only two categories, then the account budget institution consist of 26 bits. A special budget classification is used.

So, in the account number of a budgetary institution, the first 17 digits indicate the analytical code according to the classification criterion of income and disposal of funds. The 18th category denotes the code of one of the types of financial support: income-generating activities, funds in temporary disposal, subsidies for the fulfillment of state (municipal) tasks, etc. The following categories contain:

• 19-21st - code of the synthetic account of the Chart of accounts of accounting (budget) accounting;
• 22nd and 23rd - code of the analytical account of the Chart of accounts of accounting (budgetary) accounting;
• 24-26th - analytical code of the type of income, disposal of the accounting object.

Scope of reporting and timing of its submission

An accountant who comes to the budget from the commercial sphere will have to face an increase in the volume of reporting to the regulatory authorities. This is dictated by different principles of the activities of budgetary and commercial structures and the corresponding features of legal regulation.

If a commercial organization submits financial statements once a year, then the state (municipal) institution follows a special schedule drawn up and approved by the Ministry of Finance of Russia and the relevant financial authorities. According to the instructions and depending on the type of organization, state employees submit reports:

• monthly (about 1-5 forms),
• quarterly (about 5-10 forms),
• once a year (from 10 to 30 forms).

A commercial organization submits annual reports to the tax office no later than March 31 of the year following the reporting year. This reporting consists of a balance sheet, a statement of financial results and annexes thereto.

State employees prepare many more forms. So, the recipients of budget funds hand over the balance of the main manager, manager, recipient of budget funds, chief administrator, administrator of sources of financing the budget deficit, chief administrator, administrator of budget revenues (form 0503130, order No. 191n).

Also budgetary and autonomous institutions (order No. 33n) represent:

• balance sheet of a state (municipal) institution (form 0503730);
• report on the implementation of the plan of its financial and economic activities by the institution (form 0503737);
• report on the financial results of the institution (form 0503721);
• information on accounts receivable and payable of the institution (form 0503769);
• information on the institution's cash balances (form 0503779).

The reporting of a budgetary institution directly depends on the sources from which its activities are financed. These can be subsidies for a state (municipal) task, the institution's own revenues, funds in temporary disposal, funds for compulsory medical insurance, etc. Like commercial companies, state employees are required to submit the balance sheet of the institution and a number of other forms to the territorial tax office no later than March 31 the year following the reporting year. But besides this, they are obliged to submit financial statements to their founder within the prescribed period.

Balance sheet structure

At first glance, the balance sheets of commercial and budget organizations are similar - both have an asset and a liability, which are divided into several parts. However, upon closer examination, an experienced accountant will find significant differences. For example, a budgetary institution is obliged to separately indicate transactions with earmarked funds, own income, funds in temporary disposal. If in the balance sheet of a budgetary institution the accountant reflects data for the reporting and the previous year, then in working with commercial accounting, the balance will have to be prepared for the reporting year and the two previous ones.

For a commercial structure, the asset is divided into non-current and current assets, the circulation of funds forms the basis of the asset of the commercial balance. State employees have two components: financial and non-financial assets, and the funds are divided into those that are expressed in monetary terms and those that have a material form. Balance liabilities commercial structure contains an indication of own and borrowed funds. The latter are divided into long-term and short-term liabilities. For the balance sheet of a budgetary institution, it is important to reflect the types of settlements, regardless of their maturity.

Instead of a conclusion

Differences between budgetary and commercial accounting are found at any level, be it accounting objects, liabilities, chart of accounts or reporting structure. They are primarily due to the purpose for which the organization is created, and the specifics of its financing. Therefore, an accountant who decided to change the field of activity and move to a budgetary organization should be advised to use a specialized program for conducting budget accounting. This will allow him to quickly understand the differences and easier to master accounting in a new area.

Budget accounting is an orderly system for collecting, registering and summarizing information in monetary terms on the state of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities of the Russian Federation, constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities (government bodies, governing bodies of state extra-budgetary funds, governing bodies of territorial state extra-budgetary funds, local authorities self-government and budgetary institutions created by them) and operations leading to a change in the above assets and liabilities.

Organization of accounting in budgetary organizations

Organization of accounting in budgetary organizations has a number of features that are based on the legislation on the budgetary structure, Instruction on budgetary accounting, other regulatory documents on accounting and reporting in budgetary organizations, as well as their industry specifics.

These features of accounting in budgetary organizations include:

organization of accounting in the context of budget classification items;

control over the execution of estimates of income and expenses;

transition to the treasury system of budget execution;

allocation of cash and actual expenses in accounting;

sectoral features of accounting in public sector institutions (health care, education, science, etc.).

Budget accounting tasks

The main tasks of budget accounting include:

formation of complete and reliable information on the status of assets and liabilities of institutions, as well as on the financial results of their activities;

formation of complete and reliable information on the execution of all budgets of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation;

ensuring control over the compliance of operations carried out in the course of execution of the budgets of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation, with the legislation of the Russian Federation;

ensuring control over the state of assets and the fulfillment of obligations of institutions;

providing internal and external users with reporting on the status of assets and liabilities of institutions, as well as reporting on the execution of budgets of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation.

Regulations

In budgetary organizations, accounting for the execution of estimates of income and expenses for budgetary funds and funds received from extrabudgetary sources is carried out in accordance with the Federal Law on Accounting and on the basis of the Instruction on Budgetary Accounting.

Budget accounting instructions include:

Budget accounting: details for an accountant

• Violations in the field of accounting (budgetary) accounting

  In the field of accounting (budget) accounting, they are reflected in the acts of inspections. ... reflecting the totality of accounting (budget) accounting methods, value measurement, current grouping and ... used in accounting (budgetary) accounting, is regularly updated and given in ... records on accounting (budget) accounts. By checking in the course of control ...) institutions of accounting (budgetary) accounting procedures. In the next issue of the magazine we will continue ...

• An overview of important changes in budget accounting from 2019

  Sectors When conducting accounting and budgetary accounting for state institutions from 01.01 ... reports: help on the conclusion of budget accounting accounts for the reporting financial year (f. 0503110 ...

• What will the introduction of federal accounting (budget) accounting standards change?

  Changes to which accounting (budget) accounting is subject in connection with the approval of federal ... changes to which accounting (budget) accounting is subject in connection with the approval of federal ... legal acts regulating accounting (budget) accounting and preparation of accounting (financial) ... gradual transfer of accounting (budget) accounting methodology from the Instruction on the Application of the Unified ... standards. The familiar Chart of Accounts for budgetary accounting will remain, but will expand ...

• The procedure for budgetary accounting of fire extinguishers

  Fire extinguishers? Question: How are the operations on the acquisition and technical ... of a fire extinguisher reflected in the budget accounting. In order to reflect the operations given in the question in the budgetary accounting, it is necessary ... and put into operation. The following correspondence of accounts is reflected in the budgetary accounting: Content ... by the content of property "KOSGU. In budget accounting, these expenses will be reflected in the following way ... the fact of the performance of the relevant work. In budget accounting, the following accounting records are formed: Content ...

• Changes to Instruction No. 174n. New budget accounting entries

  Structures - objects of leasing. " New budget accounting transactions! Termination of the right to use the asset (with ... with this, the budget accounting entries related to accounting for inventories ... for other incomes were also deleted. "New budget accounting entries! Accrual of income from property lease ...

• On budget accounting of non-financial assets during capital repairs

  Persons ". To reflect in the accounting (budget) accounting of fixed assets, transferred (received ...

• Changes in account numbers for accounting and budgetary accounting, starting from 2017

  The legal framework for accounting and budgetary accounting in state institutions, it is provided that with ... legislative framework on accounting and budgetary accounting in state institutions, it is provided that with ...

• Analysis of changes made to Instruction No. 191н

  ...) must be confirmed by the relevant budget accounting registers. The form itself still includes ..., accounted for by the corresponding number of the budget accounting account as of the beginning of the year ... of previous years in terms of maintaining budget accounting, recalculation of reporting indicators in connection ...), must be confirmed by the corresponding budget accounting registers ... Please note that the indicators ...

• Review of changes in accounting (budget) statements

  Taking into account changes in accounting (budget) accounting indicators (balance sheet, off-balance sheet) to ... on the corresponding accounts of accounting (budget) accounting at the beginning of the reporting financial ... with the rules for maintaining accounting (budget) accounting, are subject to closure upon completion ... 0503173) ... Indicators of the corresponding accounts of accounting (budget) accounting, reflected in reports (information) ... adjustments in the procedure for maintaining accounting (budget) accounting in state (municipal) institutions ...

• Features of drawing up budget reporting for half a year and nine months

  And (or) other budget accounting registers, established by law RF for recipients ... of compulsory withdrawal ") The budget accounting chart of accounts was supplemented with account 120941000" Calculations ... Newly entered turnovers are accepted for budget accounting through additional accounting operations ... Budget account number (code) "budget account numbers are given subject to changes in requirements ... by institutions, taking into account changes in budget accounting indicators (balance sheet, off-balance sheet) by 1 ...

• Budgetary, accounting reporting: responsibility for violations of compilation and presentation

  Budget estimates or the procedure for budget accounting by a government institution of budget indicators ... responsibility for violation of the procedure for budget accounting by a government institution of indicators adopted ... "Violation by a government institution of the budget accounting procedure for authorizing budget expenditures." In ... the order of budgetary accounting, authorization of budget expenditures, expressed in violation of budgetary accounting of indicators ... violation by a state institution of the procedure for budgetary accounting of indicators adopted and deferred ...

• Application of FSBU "Inventories"

  There is a list of objects accepted for budgetary accounting as inventory items ... (acceptance for budgetary accounting) inventories, their assessment, disposal from budget accounting accounts will be carried out ... ... stocks Account number used in budget accounting Medicines and dressings - other ... clause 8 FSBU "Stocks" the unit of budget accounting of stocks is chosen by the accounting entity independently ...

• Non-financial assets: adjusted accounting entries

  Land plots previously accepted for budget accounting, due to their change ... to subarticle 199 Acceptance for budget accounting of inventories received in kind ... at the date of acceptance for budget accounting. Investments in non-financial assets According to ...

• Accounting for temporary structures during capital construction of an object

  That the institution violated the rules of budget accounting. According to the supervisory authority, temporary ... that the institution violated the rules for conducting budget accounting. In the opinion of the control body, the temporary ... to the second question in relation to the specifics of budgetary accounting, the position of the Treasury is ... Adoption of these objects to budget accounting is carried out on the corresponding accounts of budget accounting according to the estimated ... These objects are accepted for budget accounting at an assessed value based on ...

• Typical mistakes in the formation of budget (accounting) statements

  And when reflecting the indicators of accounting (budgetary) accounting, formed as of the reporting date in ... accounts receivable in the accounts of accounting (budget) accounting. For example, when carrying out claim work ...

Probably, there are few people who did not even remotely imagine what accounting is. In the view of even a person who is far from accounting, the word "accounting" gives rise to an accountant who counts some numbers, makes notes, prepares reports.

The definition of the concept of "accounting" is given in the Law on Accounting * (1). According to this definition, accounting is the formation of documented systematized information about accounting objects and the preparation of accounting (financial) statements on its basis.

But few know what budget accounting is. AT new article Let's try to figure out how budget accounting differs from accounting, who is obliged to keep it?

What is budget accounting?

Budget accounting is an orderly system for collecting, registering and summarizing information in monetary terms about the state of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities of the Russian Federation, constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities, as well as transactions that change these assets and liabilities (clause 2 of Art.264.1 BC RF).

That is, budget accounting is a kind of accounting. But at the same time, budget accounting provides information not only on the financial condition of individual economic entities - organizations, individual entrepreneurs, but on the financial condition of the budgets of the Russian Federation, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, municipalities. This means that not all legal entities should keep budget records, but only those whose reporting is important for analysis financial condition budgets of the Russian Federation. Individual entrepreneurs do not keep budget records.

Who is required to keep budget records?

The procedure for maintaining budgetary accounting is regulated by the Instruction on the Application of the Chart of Accounts for budgetary accounting * (2).

Legal entities that are required to keep budget records are listed in clause 2 of the Instructions. It:

• government bodies (government bodies);
• local government bodies;
• governing bodies of state extra-budgetary funds;
• governing bodies of territorial state off-budget funds;
• state institutions, including those located outside the Russian Federation;
• other legal entities exercising, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the budgetary powers of the recipient of budgetary funds;
• financial authorities;
• bodies of the Federal Treasury in terms of reflecting on the relevant accounts of analytical accounting of account 0 500 00 000 "Authorization of expenses" of operations on cash execution of the federal budget.

In addition, budget accounting is maintained by:

• state corporations "Rosatom", "Roskosmos" in terms of keeping budget records of the facts of economic life arising from the exercise of the powers of the chief manager of budget funds, recipient of budget funds, chief administrator of budget revenues and administrator of budget revenues;
• state (municipal) budgetary, autonomous institutions exercising, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the authority to fulfill public obligations to individuals, subject to execution in cash;
• state (municipal) budgetary, autonomous institutions and (or) state (municipal) unitary enterprises when exercising, on the basis of agreements, the powers of a state (municipal) customer when making budget investments in objects of state (municipal) property.

It should be noted that in the normal economic activity of state corporations, budgetary, autonomous institutions and and unitary enterprises do not keep budget records, although part of their expenses, and often most of them, are financed from the budgets different levels... These legal entities conduct budget accounting separately from the rest of the accounting, and use budget accounting accounts. When conducting budget accounting, these entities in the 18th category of the budget accounting account use the code of the type of financial support (activity) 1 - activities carried out at the expense of the funds of the corresponding budget of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation (budgetary activities).

Budget reporting

The result of accounting and the reflection of the facts of economic life on the accounts is the preparation of accounting (financial) statements. This rule also applies to budget accounting. The result of its conduct is the compilation budget reporting.

Each entity, which draws up budget reporting, submits it to a higher authority, which verifies and approves it. After the adopted reporting is brought together and consolidated (added up with the reports of other subjects of budget reporting), interrelated indicators are excluded. The result is a vivid picture of the execution of budgets of different levels, including the federal budget.

The general procedure for compiling and submitting annual, quarterly and monthly reports on the execution of budgets of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation, mandatory for all subjects of budget reporting, is regulated by the relevant Instruction * (3). Peculiarities of budget reporting can be established for subordinate chief administrators of budgetary funds, chief administrators of revenues, sources of financing of budget deficits, financial authority, treasury authority.

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Hello Tamara.

There are many significant differences between commercial and budget organizations, so there is no need to say that they are all alike. Despite the impressive number of similarities, there are still more differences. The similarities between commercial and budget organizations are much less than differences.

Distinctive features of government and commercial organizations

• The purpose of the activity.

The budgetary organization performs the tasks that are described in the charter (various works and services); the results of its activities are intangible values. And commercial organizations, on the contrary, strive to make a profit and improve the well-being of owners. It is money that is the main goal of commercial organizations; it is distributed among the members of the company and goes to its development.

• Products, services and target audience.

Those goods and services that are produced by commercial organizations are aimed at the individual consumer, but budgetary organizations produce goods and services to meet public needs and benefits. Target audience commercial organizations are end users, and budget organizations are targeted at customers and members of the organization.

• Management and work policy.

If in a commercial organization the management policy is based solely on the behavior of competitors and customers, then in the budgetary structure the benchmark is kept only on social needs and conditions dictated by the state.

• Staff.

In a budgetary organization, hired employees and those who are executors under civil law contracts can work, they also include interns, volunteers, members of the organization. Only hired employees and contractors can be recruited to work in a commercial structure.

• Financing.

The source of financing for a commercial structure is its profit and equity participation in the capital of other commercial organizations. Financing of state employees is carried out directly from the state fund (external sources of financing) or from membership fees, rental income, transactions with securities etc. (internal sources).

• Efficiency.

In each commercial organization, the performance assessment policy can be built in its own way. Profit, turnover, profitability, revenue - all these are the main criteria for evaluating the activities of a commercial organization. In a non-profit structure, work is assessed differently. The successes of the budget structure are generally discussed as "good" or "bad", but the mechanism for more thorough evaluation is not very developed at the moment.

• Type of ownership.

If a budgetary organization can only have an open form of ownership (funds, organizations, institutions, alliances, etc.), then in a commercial structure there can be CJSC, LLC, OJSC, etc.

• Registration authority.

If a commercial organization can be registered only with the Tax Service, then a non-commercial organization can only be registered with the Ministry of Justice.

Sincerely, Natalia.

The trustees, in contrast to the personnel of the cultural institution, perform their functions on a voluntary and free basis. Thus, the absence of a direct interest in the economic results of the activity of a cultural institution reduces the interests of these persons not to maximizing the institution's profit, but to the successful fulfillment of its mission. Raising your prestige in society, gaining a solid reputation in the market and gaining trust from consumers, access to closed sources of information, services of cultural organizations, etc. can be considered as the motives for turning to guardianship. effective structure management and personnel incentive systems. The creation of a board of trustees would allow them to solve a number of pressing problems, in particular, to attract additional sources of funding, etc.

In the case of a non-profit company, clients and members of the firm.

• State. On the one hand, employees hired by employment contract with a certain level of payment for labor.

On the other hand, they are all the same, but also volunteer volunteers.

• Where the funds come from. In business, everything decides commercial activitythat brings profit. In the non-commercial version, investors, various social funds, and the state itself help.

Objects of budgetary accounting A budgetary organization, like a commercial one, keeps records of all financial and business transactions performed as a result of conducting activities.

Objects of accounting in the budgetary sphere, for the most part, do not differ from objects of commercial accounting - these are assets and liabilities, income and expenses.

Also, the expenses of budgetary institutions have some peculiarities, in article 70 of the Budget Code of the Russian Federation, the list of expenses of budgetary institutions is strictly limited in this regard, and the accounting of expenses of public sector employees:

• the principle of targeting and the targeted nature of spending budget funds are observed;
• compulsory accounting of expenses in the context of budget classification items;
• control over the execution of the cost estimate;
• the principles and procedures of budget execution are observed;

The specific features of accounting in budgetary institutions make it necessary to supplement the general tasks of accounting with more specific ones, such as the execution of the approved budget and increased control of such execution, control over the implementation of each fact of economic activity, the consistency of the activities of public sector employees in achieving the goal set for them by the state.

Instruction on budget accounting, others regulations on accounting and reporting from state employees. Such normative and legislative acts regulating budgetary accounting are:

• Budget Code of the Russian Federation of July 31, 1998 No. 145-FZ and laws on budgets of different levels adopted in accordance with it, laws on the budgets of state non-budgetary funds of the Russian Federation (federal, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, territorial), municipal legal acts on local budgets, etc. federal laws, the laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipal legal acts regulating legal relations specified in the Budget Code of the Russian Federation.

In particular, budgetary institutions maintain accounting records on the basis of the Unified Chart of Accounts for State (municipal) institutions and the Instructions for its Application. It establishes the basic principles for accounting for property and liabilities of budgetary organizations.

How does a government institution differ from a budget institution - comparative characteristics

Like budget funds, earmarked funds are spent, as a rule, during the reporting year or a limited period of time if certain activities are financed from earmarked funds, although carry-over balances of earmarked funds occur much more often than budget funds. The main reason why the sources of formation of these funds and the directions of their spending are taken into account separately from the budget is the nature of these funds. In addition, this is due to the need for the preparation and presentation of reports that are submitted not only to funding bodies, but in this case - to other interested users.
Each type of extra-budgetary funds should be accounted for in separate accounts opened with the federal treasury bodies or with credit organizations for budgetary institutions that have not been transferred to the financing system through the federal treasury bodies.

Hansmann believes that consumers are more protected when they work with non-profit organizations. Non-profit structures are legally limited in the possibilities of internal distribution of income between employees and must direct the funds received to the development of the organization's core activities, which is controlled by society. Due to the fact that the property of state institutions is the property of the state, all revenues from this property are considered as revenues of the state budget, and the distribution of the received revenues by institutions must be agreed with the state authorities.

As a result, budgetary institutions prefer to legally distinguish between non-profit and entrepreneurial activities. This division of activity is achieved in two ways.

So, for example, if the goals of a school are to educate children and prepare them for life in society, i.e. are goals that cannot be directly measured, indirect methods of measuring the achievement of goals can be used in order to assess the performance of the budget organization as a whole. In the case of a school, exam scores can be measured and used as a criterion for comparing one school to another, but such a measurement cannot be considered completely objective - the composition of students in each school, available resources, parental support, etc. are not the same. Among the theoretical concepts on the specifics of economics and management of budgetary and non-profit organizations, it is possible to single out the theory of production of public goods, unfulfilled contract, control of stakeholders 17, p.
32-39. The theory of production of public goods.
Having considered the theoretical concepts of foreign scientists, we can highlight the general features of the activities and management of non-profit organizations. These are the use of social marketing, fundraising, volunteering and stakeholder oversight. 1.3 Material and cash, target and non-target sources of financing of budgetary organizations For effective management of budgetary organizations, it is important to determine possible sources of funding. In carrying out their activities, budgetary institutions use different kinds funds, both material and monetary, with which the founder must provide them in the first place, but the possibility of obtaining them from any legal or natural person 2, p.
78-94 .

Info

So, all property is assigned exclusively to the state formation on the basis of the right of operational management. For a budgetary institution, the founder establishes a list of especially valuable property. This is all done for rather cunning purposes: since the legislator did not provide for subsidiary liability for the debts of a budgetary institution, there is a serious risk of loss of all property within the framework of judicial penalties.

What is the Difference Between a Commercial and a Budget Organization

• The difference between budget accounting and commercial
• What is the difference between commercial and budget organizations?
• How does a government institution differ from a budget institution - comparative characteristics
• Difference of commercial organizations from non-profit
• What is the difference between accounting and budget
• The difference between accounting and budget

The difference between budget accounting and commercial accounting Also, funds can come from contributions of participants, from rent, interest, and so on.

• Form of activity. For entrepreneurs - LLC, JSC, PJSC, MUP, GUP, partnerships and cooperatives - everything as prescribed by article 50 Civil Code RF.

• Products, services and target audience.

Those goods and services that are produced by commercial organizations are aimed at the individual consumer, but budgetary organizations produce goods and services to meet public needs and benefits. The target audience of commercial organizations are end consumers, and budget organizations are focused on clients and members of the organization.

• Management and work policy.

If in a commercial organization the management policy is based solely on the behavior of competitors and customers, then in the budgetary structure the benchmark is kept only on social needs and conditions dictated by the state.

Important

Also, funds can come from contributions from members, from rent, interest, and so on.

• Form of activity. For entrepreneurs - LLC, JSC, PJSC, MUP, GUP, partnerships and cooperatives - everything as prescribed by article 50 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. As for non-profit organizations, these are mainly charitable firms, foundations, religious institutions, and so on.
• The merchants have the rights and obligations defined by the codes of the Russian Federation.