Everything that is extracted by man from the bowels of the earth and used is rightly called minerals. One of these minerals is marl, which is used not only as a fertilizer, but also in many other areas. In our article we will get acquainted with the characteristics of marl, its origin and beneficial properties.

Where is it found?

Marl deposits are widespread almost everywhere, as they come from fairly common rocks such as clay and limestone. On our territory, the origin of marl begins in the Kuban (foothills, mountains, Azov-Kuban plain), where many minerals are hidden. A large reserve of it was also discovered in the mountains, stretching from the village of Verkhnebakanskoye to the city of Sochi.

Form of occurrence - layers that alternate with clay layers or other carbonate rocks. Formed from sediments at the bottom of seas or lakes.

Composition, texture

Marl is a sedimentary rock having a mixture of clay-carbonate minerals: from 50 to 80% calcite or dolomite, from 50 to 20% clay material.

The most valuable natural rocks contain calcite 76-82%, clay particles 20-25%.

The rock is slightly hard, chalky, and soaks well in water. The color ranges from white to yellow-green, rarely dark gray, brownish-reddish, sometimes the color is variegated (changes in layers).

How to use

Marl is used as a fertilizer along with lime, since it contains carbon-lime salt. The positive properties of marl as a fertilizer act to improve physical properties soil. Of course, if compared with lime, then slightly more marl should be added, namely, the amount is calculated in proportion to the content of calcareous components in it.

Marl also contains potassium and phosphoric acid in very small quantities, so many factors must be taken into account when marling, one of which is the composition of the soil. However, when marl is used as a fertilizer on appropriate soil, it has a beneficial effect for obtaining good harvests, without any additional fertilizers.

The mineral marl has also found its application in construction. After processing, cement is obtained (firing followed by fine grinding). Highly carbonate marl is used in the production of crushed stone, and with a high content of gypsum and its varieties it is of no practical value.

You might be interested in how the soil is limed

When deciding to build a house, the first thing you have to think about is the building materials used, since the total estimated cost of construction largely depends on this. And if resources are limited, then the choice is made in favor of cheaper materials.

Some people believe that any stone house is much better or. But brick, and even more so natural stone, are expensive, so the choice falls on cheaper analogues like aerated concrete. And in some regions where there are their own mining quarries building stone, marl is used to build walls.

Marl - what is it?

For most people not involved in geology, this name means nothing. But in regions where there are deposits of this mineral, it has been used for construction since ancient times. Buildings made of marl from a century ago are not uncommon there.

Marl belongs to sedimentary rocks, and they are known to be quite soft and easily destroyed. Therefore, using it for walls, which are the walls of a house, may seem strange to many. But everything is not so simple.

In fact, marl is limestone that contains clay. This is a fairly hard and cohesive rock, the color of which greatly depends on the impurities it contains and can vary from light yellow to greenish and even brown.

The hardness of marl very much depends on the percentage of clay in it:

• if the mineral contains 5–10% clay, then it is called “marly limestone”;
• if the clay content is 10 - 25% - limestone marl;
• 25 – 60% – marl.

The second component of marl is the carbonate minerals dolomite and calcite. Like all sedimentary rocks, marl easily weathers and becomes loose. In this form it is called “loose” or “rukhlyak”. Marl is widely used in the production of Portland cement.

Is it possible to use marl to build a house?

With a limited budget and the presence of a marl mining enterprise in close proximity to the construction site, its use makes sense.

Research has shown that wall stone made from this mineral is well preserved in old buildings. Mainly the lower part of the walls, located in close proximity to the ground, was destroyed. Here the destruction of the stone was about 3 cm deep. The upper parts of the walls weathered by only 1 - 2 mm, were not covered and retained almost their original strength.

In the same place where the stone was isolated from external environment clay plaster, it was not damaged at all.

Therefore, even now in some regions of the country, buildings are being erected from marl. The only condition is high-quality insulation of the stone from moisture. Marl has low thermal conductivity and is safe for human health, and it is much cheaper in price.

If you decide to use this building material, then knowing some of the nuances of this breed will be very useful:

If all conditions for building a marl house are met, including finishing the facade, it has a chance to last for at least several decades. And with good use - much longer. Moreover, construction will cost several times less than using other materials.

Marl

Marl- sedimentary rock-like rock of mixed clay-carbonate composition: 50 - 75% carbonate (calcite, less often dolomite), 25 - 50% - insoluble residue (SiO 2 + R 2 O 3). Depending on the composition of rock-forming carbonate minerals, marls are divided into calcareous and dolomite. In ordinary marls, the silica content in the insoluble sediment exceeds the amount of sesquioxides by no more than 4 times. Marls with a ratio of SiO 2: R 2 O 3 > 4 belong to the siliceous group.

Types of marls

• Anhydrite-dolomite marl- a term used by Pisarchik (1963) for highly anhydrite-bearing dolomite marls and clayey anhydrite-dolomites, which correspond to marls in terms of the content of clayey matter.
• Gypsum marl- marl containing gypsum, scattered or forming nodules, thin layers, etc. A variety of gypsum is gypsum-dolomite marl.
• Gypsum-dolomite marl- the same as anhydrite-dolomite marl, but calcium is represented by gypsum rather than anhydrite.
• Clay marl- contains from 50 to 70% (Teodorovich, 1950) or from 50 to 75% (Pustovalov, 1940; Vishnyakov 1940; Rukhin, 1953) clay particles.
• Dolomite marl- clayey-carbonate sedimentary rock, in which the carbonate rock-forming mineral is represented by dolomite, constituting from 50 to 1/5% of the total rock (Vishnyakov, 1940; Pustovalov, 1940; Rukhin, 1953). M. d. can be associated with transitions with dolomites, clays, mudstones, and anhydrite-dolomite marls.
• Dolomite clayey marl, Vishnyakov, 1933, - dolomite marl, contain from 50 to 75% clay matter.
• Lime marl- clayey-carbonate rock, contains from 50 to 75% CaCO 3 (Vishnyakov, 1940; Pustovalov, 1940; Rukhin, 1953). Used in the cement industry.
• Chalk-like marl- a rock containing 10 - 30% clayey material and 35 - 90% calcite, represented by the smallest skeletons of organisms and microgranular calcite, finely interspersed with clay particles. A relatively soft, grindable, usually light-colored rock.
• Flask(flamed marl) - microporous rocks composed of amorphous silica (opal) with an admixture of clayey matter, skeletal parts of organisms (diatoms, radiolarians and spicules of flint sponges), mineral grains (quartz, feldspars, glauconite). The SiO 2 content reaches 92-98%. The term is synonymous with French. "geuz" ["guez"], German "flaming marls". In Russian literature, O. was originally called siliceous marl and siliceous clay. Some authors consider O. a product of alteration of diatomites, spongolites, and tripoliths; others classify them as marine chemical formations. O. are widespread among Cretaceous and lower Paleogene deposits (the Volga region, the eastern slope of the Urals, the east of the European part of the USSR, etc.).
• Freshwater marl- loose, crumbly, powdery mass of calcium carbonate, deposited in lake-swamp-type reservoirs as a result of precipitation of [[CaCO 3 ]] from solution, enriched with clay impurity (over 30%). Used for burning lime and producing cement. Synonyms: lake marl, peat marl.
• Ruin marl, Hausler, 1965, is a calcareous rock whose structure resembles that of clastics. In M. r. quadrangular areas that retain the primary gray color of the rock are surrounded by space colored red by iron oxides. M. r. noted among the Upper Cretaceous flysch deposits of Austria and in the flysch zones of Italy.
• Cement marl- natural calcareous marl, suitable for the production of Portland cement; To do this, it is fired before sintering. Composition of M. c. fluctuates, the ratio of silica to the sum of sesquioxides (Al 2 O 3 + Fe 2 O 3) is especially variable. Therefore, when preparing a charge for cement clinker in M. c. limestone or clay additives are introduced. In nature there are so-called. natural varieties of M. c. (CaCO 3 75 - 80%, R 2 O 3 + SiO 2 20 - 25%), suitable for firing without additives (for example, Novorossiysk group of deposits).

Usage

Marl is widely used as a raw material for the production of Portland cement. Marl is poorly resistant to atmospheric influences.

Marl house - a house made of natural stone, marl. Warm, but rough without finishing.

Literature

1. Geological Dictionary, T. 1. - M.: Nedra, 1978. - P. 442-443.

Links

• Marls on all-minerals.ru

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), 25 - 50% - insoluble residue (SiO 2 + R 2 O 3). Depending on the composition of rock-forming carbonate minerals, marls are divided into calcareous and dolomite. In ordinary marls, the silica content in the insoluble sediment exceeds the amount of sesquioxides by no more than 4 times. Marls with a ratio of SiO 2: R 2 O 3 > 4 belong to the siliceous group.

Types of marls

• Anhydrite-dolomite marl- a term used by Pisarchik (1963) for highly anhydrite-bearing dolomite marls and clayey anhydrite-dolomites, which correspond to marls in terms of the content of clayey matter.
• Gypsum marl- marl containing gypsum, scattered or forming nodules, thin layers, etc. A variety of gypsum is gypsum-dolomite marl.
• Gypsum-dolomite marl- the same as anhydrite-dolomite marl, but calcium salts are represented by gypsum rather than anhydrite.
• Clayey marl- contains from 50 to 70% (Teodorovich, 1950) or from 50 to 75% (Pustovalov, 1940; Vishnyakov 1940; Rukhin, 1953) clay particles.
• Dolomite marl- clayey-carbonate sedimentary rock, in which the carbonate rock-forming mineral is represented by dolomite, constituting from 50 to 1/5% of the total rock (Vishnyakov, 1940; Pustovalov, 1940; Rukhin, 1953). M. d. can be associated with transitions with dolomites, clays, mudstones, and anhydrite-dolomite marls.
• Dolomite clayey marl, Vishnyakov, 1933, - dolomite marl, contain from 50 to 75% clay matter.
• Lime marl- clayey-carbonate rock, contains from 50 to 75% CaCO 3 (Vishnyakov, 1940; Pustovalov, 1940; Rukhin, 1953). Used in the cement industry.
• Chalk-like marl- a rock containing 10 - 30% clayey material and 35 - 90% calcite, represented by the smallest skeletons of organisms and microgranular calcite, finely interspersed with clay particles. A relatively soft, grindable, usually light-colored rock.
• Flask(flamed marl) - microporous rocks composed of amorphous silica (opal) with an admixture of clayey matter, skeletal parts of organisms (diatoms, radiolarians and spicules of flint sponges), mineral grains (quartz, feldspars, glauconite). The SiO 2 content reaches 92-98%. The term is synonymous with French. "geuz" ["guez"], German "flaming marls". In Russian literature, O. was originally called siliceous marl and siliceous clay. Some authors consider O. a product of alteration of diatomites, spongolites, and tripoliths; others classify them as marine chemical formations. O. are widespread among Cretaceous and lower Paleogene deposits (the Volga region, the eastern slope of the Urals, the east of the European part of the USSR, etc.).
• Freshwater marl- loose, crumbly, powdery mass of calcium carbonate, deposited in lake-swamp-type reservoirs as a result of precipitation of [[CaCO 3 ]] from solution, enriched with clay impurity (over 30%). Used for burning lime and producing cement. Synonyms: lake marl, peat marl.
• Ruin marl, Hausler, 1965, is a calcareous rock whose structure resembles that of clastics. In M. r. quadrangular areas that retain the primary gray color of the rock are surrounded by space colored red by iron oxides. M. r. noted among the Upper Cretaceous flysch deposits of Austria and in the flysch zones of Italy.
• Cement marl- natural calcareous marl, suitable for the production of Portland cement; To do this, it is fired before sintering. Composition of M. c. fluctuates, the ratio of silica to the sum of sesquioxides (Al 2 O 3 + Fe 2 O 3) is especially variable. Therefore, when preparing a charge for cement clinker in M. c. limestone or clay additives are introduced. In nature there are so-called. natural varieties of M. c. (CaCO 3 75 - 80%, R 2 O 3 + SiO 2 20 - 25%), suitable for firing without additives (for example, Novorossiysk group

Highly carbonate marl is used in the production of crushed stone, and with a high content of gypsum and its varieties it is of no practical value. In addition, there are about 17 more specific varieties of marl used in various industries and construction. In our article we will get acquainted with the characteristics of marl, its origin and beneficial properties.

Ruin marl, Hausler, 1965, is a calcareous rock whose structure resembles that of clastics. Cement marl is a natural calcareous marl suitable for the production of Portland cement; To do this, it is fired before sintering. Contains up to 60% calcareous materials such as calcite, with quartz and silt particles. Red marl owes its color to the presence of iron oxide, while green marl contains chlorite or glauconite.

Mikhelson A.D., 1865. Marl marl, clayey limestone. MARLE - (German: Mergel) sedimentary rock, transitional from limestone and dolomite to clayey rock; contains from 30 to 90% CaCo3 and MgCO3, from 10 to 70% clay material. Marl usually boils violently when exposed to HCl, but unlike other carbonate rocks, a drop of acid after the reaction leaves a dirty stain (insoluble clay residue) on its surface.

Raw materials in the production of Portland and Roman cement. The most valuable are natural marls, suitable for producing Portland cement without additional additives. Marls are found among sediments from the Upper Proterozoic (Urals) to the Neogene (Caucasus), forming large sheet-like deposits.

Of the total number of carbonate rock deposits in the CCCP explored as cement raw materials, 25% are represented by marl. Katav-Ivanovsky (Ural), Novorossiysk and Amvrosievsky (Donbass) work on marl. cement factories. Everything that is extracted by man from the bowels of the earth and used is rightly called minerals. On our territory, the origin of marl begins in the Kuban (foothills, mountains, Azov-Kuban plain), where many minerals are hidden.

Of course, brick and natural stone are very expensive, so you have to choose less expensive analogues - foam concrete (aerated concrete) and marl. By itself, marl is absolutely unfamiliar to most people not related to geology.

See what “MARLE” is in other dictionaries:

Important! Other important constituents that influence the characteristics of marl include calcite, carbonate minerals and dolomite! Special studies have demonstrated the excellent preservation of marl wall stones in ancient buildings.

Features of the use of marl in construction

For this significant reason, marl is preferred in many regions and countries. Marl is characterized by very low thermal conductivity, absolute harmlessness and costs several times less than conventional brick. 8. For marl buildings the best option is a hipped roof instead of two- and single-plane options.

Marl - what kind of material is it?

9. The operation of a marl building can be prolonged as much as possible by completely insulating the walls from the surrounding atmosphere. Marl is a completely acceptable material for construction, which, if technological standards and construction conditions are strictly observed, can last for at least a couple of decades.

Therefore, when preparing a charge for cement clinker in M. c. limestone or clay additives are introduced. In nature there are so-called. natural varieties of M. c. (CaCO3 75 - 80%, R2O3 + SiO2 20 - 25%), suitable for firing without additives (for example, Novorossiysk group of deposits). They were formed from sediments at the bottom of lakes or seas. Marl of marine origin can be found on the bottom with gypsum and halite.

MERGEL - German. Mergel. MARL, a very fine-grained SEDIMENTARY ROCK that is intermediate between clay and limestone. In Russian literature, O. was originally called siliceous marl and siliceous clay. Marl is an ancient sedimentary rock that resembles limestone in structure.