Any work at the cashier's place begins with refueling the cash register. To do this, a tape is inserted into it, onto which a special marking is applied containing the device number and its type. The tape also contains the date of operation and the exact time of switching on. First, the meter readings at the time the cashier arrived are recorded. Before the first operation, all statistical data is certified by the operator or shift manager.

Next stage consists of checking the CCP date. Most electronic cash registers perform automatic installation and date verification. But some mechanical models require manual checking. On average, the date should be no earlier than the last Z report. Otherwise, it will be impossible to start the current work.

All standards and requirements for setting and monitoring time and date are contained in the Decree of the Russian Federation, which was issued in January 1992. If a time deviation of 5 minutes or more is noted on the cash register, then during a tax audit, employees are subject to a fine for not using cash registers.

Opening a shift at the cash register

When opening a shift, the cash register is checked for functionality. For this purpose, a test receipt is printed. If necessary, several checks can be printed with a zero amount on them. The main task of a zero check is to check the clarity of the print, the quality of the designation of details, dates, and check digits. Before you start punching real numbers into the cash register operation, you can make adjustments to the date and time. Trial checks are stored until the end of the operator's shift or the completion of the department's work. They are attached to the report from the cash register.

After this, the X-report is printed. It is of an intermediate nature. When it is printed, the current amount is not reset. The current meter readings are printed on the X-report. They are divided into sections and general indicators. The main task of the first report is to reconcile the indicators in column 9 of the Journal for the previous day with current data. They are also recorded in the Operator’s Journal for the current day in column 6. During the operator's work, several X reports are taken. They are designed to control the incoming funds into the cash register. They are also printed when part of the proceeds is deposited. The number of X-reports punched per day is not limited. It does not affect work statistics, but helps the cashier track the correctness of settlement transactions.

X reports vary in type. They can be removed in sections, based on the results of the shift or the final result. They monitor the presence of shortfalls or excess funds at the checkout. When printing the report, the value is compared with the current cash in the cash register box.

The simplest models print a receipt only after the cost of the product has been entered and the enter key has been pressed. Most cash registers have cost entry via barcode. It is also possible to carry out intermediate operations, calculate change from the amount received, and apply discounts on special cards.

A receipt confirming the purchase is given to the buyer at the time the cash is collected. It is considered incorrect to issue a receipt at the time of delivery of goods. The operation of punching a check is significantly different when the payment is made by non-cash method (bank cards, checks, coupons).

Advance system

When working as entrepreneurs, an advance system is allowed. In her case, payment for goods and services is received at the checkout in advance in part. This phenomenon is called advance. The tax system insists that a check from the cash register be issued for the advance payment. If part of the amount has been received, and the remaining cost is paid upon receipt of the goods, then a separate check must be issued for this amount. Thus, the entire cost of goods and services must go through the cash register.

Some entrepreneurs do not agree with this arrangement. They note that the sale occurs only when the goods are transferred, therefore, the advance payment does not go through the cash register. But in this case the situation is disputed in court.

Power outage (light) when working at the cash register

Situations often arise when electricity is cut off in premises. If the machine does not work, then entrepreneurs or cashiers must stop working until the light turns on. Reporting in OKUD form No. 0700003 is not allowed, since it is not specified in the law. According to the letter dated April 19, 2005 “On the use of cash register equipment when making cash settlements with the population” and other legal documents, the court makes a condemnation decision if a check was not punched during a power outage. There are known cases where an entrepreneur was fined up to 30 thousand rubles for the absence of a receipt, especially if there are cash registers that operate without a direct connection to the power supply.

The wrong amount appears on the check

When working under load, situations arise when the wrong amount is printed on the check. In this case, you should re-issue the check for the correct value. The erroneous check is retained until the end of the work in a canceled form. When closing a shift and submitting a daily report, they are attached and drawn up in one document. It is called the Act on the return of funds to customers for unused cash receipts. The act indicates the model, type, class, number of its manufacturer, registration number of the cash register. The Application program column contains information about the program that is used to record goods and maintain accounting for an entrepreneur. If the program is not installed, then a dash is indicated in the column. The cashier line must contain information about the personnel number of the operator who submits the reports and entered the cash receipt incorrectly. The act also contains information about the check number and the amount that was entered on it. The check itself is pasted onto the sheet and attached to the act.

The act itself is certified by the cashier and the entrepreneur. If the head of the enterprise himself is at the cash register, then he signs and approves the act independently.

Returning goods through the checkout

Documents are drawn up in the same way in case of returning goods if defects are discovered. The Law “On the Protection of Consumer Rights” of February 7, 1992 states that the buyer has the right to refuse the goods and demand a refund for the purchased goods if significant shortcomings and defects are detected. Returns are made within the warranty period, which is no more than 2 years. Returns of goods can be made without a sales receipt or other documents confirming the purchase. According to paragraph 5, paragraph 18 of the article, the store does not have the right to refuse the buyer, but may require writing a personal statement indicating passport details and reasons for the return. In addition, the buyer will have to prove the fact of purchase in this particular branch of the store.

Products that are not suitable for the buyer for a number of reasons are also subject to return: style, color, size or other reasons. In this case, the buyer can issue a refund if the product has not been used, has no defects and the documents for it have been preserved. When contacting the store, you must provide tags and the receipt used to make the purchase. The reason why the failure occurred is also indicated. The documents can be: warranty card, cash or sales receipt, control tape, which can be requested from the entrepreneur. On average, it should last for five years.

When returning a purchase on the day of purchase, you can present a cash receipt. In this case, the cashier or operator who issues the return puts a signature on it. After this, a document on the return of the goods is drawn up. He wears a casual uniform. After the documents are completed and signed by the entrepreneur or manager, the cashier can give the buyer cash. Next, you need to draw up an act that is responsible for returning the amount of money to the buyer. The procedure for registering the act was described above. The act is drawn up in accordance with all the requirements corresponding to form No. KM-3. The refund amount is recorded in column 15 of the operator's journal. Daily revenue is reduced by the amount of funds issued. Accordingly, if a check is brought on a day other than when the return is issued, then it does not go through the documents.

Ending the working day at the cash register

At the end of the work shift, an X-report is printed. It serves for preliminary verification of the status of the cash register and cash. After this, the cashier punches the Z-report. It serves to reset the daily information in the cash register. All data is transferred from the cash register's RAM to the fiscal memory. As a result, the daily revenue is reset to zero and the fiscal shift is closed.

The Z-report serves not only to display the current amounts that passed through the cash register during the working day, but also to show the number of returns. It displays applied discounts, canceled purchases and other information. As a result, the daily revenue in the cash register must correspond to the information that is shown in the control figure of the report and the amount that was handed over to the entrepreneur. Revenue can be delivered several times during a work shift. The frequency of collecting money depends on the volume of purchases made. When collecting funds, a cash order is issued. It has the form No. KO-1. In this case, the cashier keeps a receipt indicating how much was deposited. If the manager performs the functions of a cashier, he can do without depositing funds and filling out an order.

All reports taken from the cash register have a serial number. As Z-reports are taken, the number increases by 1. All reports, regardless of their type, are saved throughout the day and stored in separate documentation. They are attached to the cashier's daily report at the end of the shift.

At the end of the shift, the cashier issues a certificate. It has form No. KM-6 and wears a reporting form. Data for reference is taken from the final Z-report. The main task is to indicate in it the value of the cash register counters, daily revenue, and returns made. The dates and number of receipt orders in the case of the work of the entrepreneur himself are not issued. If the proceeds are handed over to the bank to the collector, the fields “Delivered to the Bank” and the receipt number are filled in.

If there are several machines operating at a point of sale, a summary report is created at the end of the working day. It has the form No. KM-7. It contains data received from the Certificate reports of all cashiers. More details about it can be found in Resolution No. 132.

After the cashier has completed the shift and taken the Z-report, he is obliged to make entries in the journal about the value of the cash counters at the beginning and end of the shift. They are noted in columns 6 and 9. Also in column 10 he enters the daily revenue. At the end, he leaves a personal signature under the data. His information is certified by the signature of the entrepreneur or general manager.

All journal entries are made using Z-reports. If there is no revenue for the day, a zero report is issued. All fields are filled in accordingly. The first column always indicates the date when the Z-report was taken. After this, the serial number of the report is entered. Columns 4 and 5 are intended for them. Point 11 of the journal contains information about cash handed over to the entrepreneur or general manager. This column contains data on the amounts that the manager withdraws from the cash register for various reasons.

To enter information about purchases that were made by bank transfer (credit and bank cards), there are columns 12 and 13. The total cost of all such purchases is entered in them. Section 15 of the journal is intended for recording funds that were returned for goods or entered incorrectly.

All data that was entered into the journal must be certified by the signature of the cashier-operator who hands over the shift and the entrepreneur or general manager. Columns 8, 17 and 7, 16 are intended for this, respectively. If the company does not have a separate cashier, the manager can leave a signature only in columns 7 and 16.

All information that confirms the transfer and receipt of funds, such as the cashier's journal, z-reports for all working days, control tapes and other papers, are stored for the period established for the storage of primary documents. It is at least 5 years. All responsibility for storing information falls on the entrepreneur.

If the cash register is deregistered, the tax office has the right to request for inspection all documents confirming the passage of funds through the cash register.

Many individual entrepreneurs who have a retail outlet do not know how to install a cash register. If an entrepreneur sells products and services for cash, then he needs to know how a cash register device (KKM) works.

The rules for using the cash register are established in 2 documents:

• in the law of April 25, 2003 No. 54 “On the use of cash registers when using cash payments (or) payments using a payment card”;

• in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 23, 2007 No. 470 “On the registration and application of cash registers used by LLCs and individual entrepreneurs.”

Before you start working on a cash register, you need to carefully study the rules for using this equipment.

Setting up and rules for using the cash register

Payment transactions are recorded on cash register equipment and money is processed throughout the working day.

At the moment, there are many types of cash registers - electronic devices, iPad cash registers, etc. However, they all have the same operating rules.

Cash register installation

Installation of cash register equipment and its connection

First, the individual entrepreneur must place the cash register equipment on the work surface, next to which there is a place for the client where goods can be laid out.

Using batteries

The backup memory of cash register equipment runs on batteries. The PC must insert a battery before using any of the functions of this equipment.
First you need to remove the receipt compartment cover and find a place for the battery. In this case, the individual entrepreneur must use a small screwdriver.

Then close the lid on the battery compartment.

Individual entrepreneurs need to replace the batteries once a year so that they work uninterruptedly.

Application of paper roll

First you need to remove the receipt compartment cover. In this case, you need to make sure that the end of the paper roll is not torn (has straight edges). As a result, the IP can easily insert a paper roll into the device.

When finished, click on the SUBMIT button. In this case, the device will catch the paper and drive it through itself.

Unblocking a cash register

Typically, the cash register has a key that the cashier uses to lock the register for security purposes. Under no circumstances should the individual entrepreneur lose this key.

In this case, you can simply leave the key in the cash register so as not to lose it and if a dangerous situation arises, you can lock the cash register compartment with cash.

Turning on the cash register

Several cash register devices have an On/Off button on the back. Other cash registers have a key on top.

To turn on this device, you need to click on the button or turn the key to the REG position.

Modern types of cash register devices are equipped with a MODE button, which replaces the key. In this case, you need to click on the MODE button and press it until the REG position.

Setting up a cash register

Cash register devices can be configured in such a way that they combine similar items in one category. A category of goods may be subject to tax or vice versa - not subject to taxation.

Also, individual entrepreneur cashiers can set the date and time.

Programming of the cash register can be started by turning the key to the PROG (P) position, or by clicking on the button that switches the cash register to the PROGRAM mode.

Other cash register devices are equipped with a manual lever, which is located under the cover of the paper roll compartment. In this case, the lever must be switched to Program mode.

Entering a password for working with a cash register

When using a cash register device, the cashier must enter a personal service number or password each time. When using a service number, the individual entrepreneur distributes each purchase to a specific cashier. In this case, all sales are tracked and errors are identified.

If the individual entrepreneur owns a restaurant, then the employees of his establishment will need to enter their service codes along with table numbers and the number of customers.

Modern types of cash register devices require you to enter a password and email address when logging into the system.

Entering the amount of the first sales

When working at the cash register, you must use a keyboard with numbers to enter exact amounts in rubles. The cashier does not need to enter the decimal separator because the cash register does this automatically.

Some devices are equipped with a scanner. It reads barcodes and immediately enters product information. In this case, the cashier does not need to define the section when performing the following steps.

Using a specific department button

On a significant number of cash register devices, the cashier clicks on a button after typing the amount, which assigns the product to a specific sales category (groceries, clothing, etc.).

Keys for sections should be configured as either taxable or tax-exempt. In this case, you need to carefully study the instructions for the cash register device in order to successfully work with this equipment, having familiarized yourself in advance with the rules for linking the tax rate to a specific key.

Then you should look at the receipt: you need to click on the SUBMIT button (on the arrow) so that the paper check slides up. In this case, you can see the entire amount that is written on the check.

Each added item is included in the total amount, which is displayed on the device screen or barcode reader.

Adding a discount

If the product is on sale, the cashier must take into account the size of the discount.

In this case, you need to do the following:

• enter the cost of the product;
• click the button with the section;
• dial the discount amount as a percentage (so, 15 means 15%);
• press the % button. It is located on the cash register keypad.

Entering amounts for other products

The individual entrepreneur needs to use the cash register keyboard to enter the price of each product. In this case, after entering the price of the product, you need to click on the button for a specific section.

If the cashier is checking out several pieces of the same product, he needs to perform the following steps:

• collect a certain amount of these goods;
• then click the QTY (Quantity) button;
• Next, enter the price of one of the goods;
• then click the button for a specific section.

So, if they buy 2 loaves of bread from an individual entrepreneur at a price of 6.99, then you need to press 2, then Qty, then 699, and the section button.

Using the Preliminary Totals Button

When you use this button, the total cost of the entered product will appear on the cash register screen. In this case, all taxes that were linked to section buttons will be added.

Method of payment for goods

Buyers pay for goods with cash, credit cards or checks. The cashier also accepts gift cards and certificates, which are considered cash.

When receiving cash from a buyer, you need to enter the cash amount and click on the CASH button. It is located below, on the right and is the largest.

After this, a message appears on many cash register devices indicating how much change should be given to the client. At the same time, not all cash register devices do this, and the cash register worker must calculate the required amount of change in his head.

After opening the money compartment, you can put cash or a check in it and determine the amount of change.

When paying for goods with a credit card, the individual entrepreneur must click on the CARD button and use a special terminal.

When receiving a check from the buyer, you must enter the amount indicated on this payment document. Then you need to click on the CHECK button and put it in the compartment with cash.

To open a compartment with cash, it is not necessary to sell something. Just click on the NO PURCHASE (NO PURCHASE) button. This can only be done after the manager enters a special code to switch the cash register device to TM mode.

Closing the cash register

After finishing the working day, the cashier must always close the compartment with cash. Otherwise, the individual entrepreneur may lose his money due to illegal removal of money (robbery) from the cash register.

An individual entrepreneur must empty the cash compartment every day at the end of the working day. This device should be stored in a place hidden from strangers.

Preparing cash register balances and sales reports

Calculating the amount of sales for 1 day

Some individual entrepreneurs periodically check the number of sales per day.

To determine the total amount, you need to click on the button that switches modes, or turn the device key to the X position and select mode X.

When using X mode, the total revenue is calculated. However, when using Z mode, the revenue received during the day is reset.

Presentation of sales reports

This report shows all sales for the day. Most cash register devices print the following reports:

• sales report for 1 hour;
• report on the work of individual employees;
• report on a specific section, etc.

In order to print these reports, you need to click on the MODE button and set it to Z mode, or turn the key to Z.

Registration of device balance

After generating a sales report for the day, the cashier needs to count the money in the cash compartment. If the individual entrepreneur cashier has credit card receipts or checks, you should add them to the total.

Many credit card terminals also print a daily report. In this case, the cashier can easily reconcile the sales for the day. He needs to subtract the total amount from the one with which the cashier started the day before making the first sale to the customer.

The cashier should also keep a book of financial transactions, credit cards and checks. This will make it easier for the individual entrepreneur to maintain general records.

After the above steps, the cashier must return the base amount to the cash register before the start of the new working day.

The cashier needs to remember that when he is not working, he must keep the money in a place inaccessible to prying eyes.

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In order to successfully run a trade business, you must have a cash register. This is a device that allows you to carry out transactions for the purchase and sale of goods and services. The main component of a cash register is a cash drawer, which is designed for temporary storage of cash. In this case, it may be necessary to open it without a key. Next, we’ll take a closer look at how to open a cash register without a key.

Ways.

— There is a special function directly in the cash register system that allows you to open the cash drawer. To do this you need to go to the functions menu. You need to press "F1". A menu will open in which you need to select a function that allows you to open the drawer. After this, we confirm our actions with the “Enter” button. The box should open.

Also on topic: Why do you need to clean your apartment?

How to open a cash register without a key? Let's try the following methods.

— The cash drawer lock is very simple, so it can be easily opened using improvised means. A flathead screwdriver works great for this. You can also use a paper clip or nail file. In other words, we try all thin and sharp objects.

— Also on the bottom lid of the box at the very end there is a special lever that allows you to open the box door without a key.

According to the law, Any entrepreneur should have a cash register carrying out transactions with funds of various types. Many people mistakenly believe that it is quite difficult to use and that it will not be possible to master it on your own. To do this, you should familiarize yourself in detail with the use of at least one type of device and you can safely work on all of them.

Those who have entered into a contractual relationship with the owner of the business regarding liability of a material nature can carry out activities with KKM. In addition to the contract, they are required to have experience working with this machine: correctly punching checks and clearing it.

It should be remembered that before starting the work process, the director (department head) is required to carry out preparatory work: open the drive and counter, punch the check and check the punched amount received for the previous shift and reconcile with the cashier’s records. The sums must completely agree.

The direct responsibilities of the director must contain following:

1. Entering accurate information into the journal, confirming with your signature.
2. Prepare the initial readings of the control tape (number, date and time of the start of the work process, readings of the control register).
3. Releasing the keys to the responsible employee.
4. Issuing change money for change.
5. Provide workers with tapes and coloring compounds in a timely manner.

Responsibilities of the employee before starting the process at the cash register:

1. Checking the working condition.
2. Adjusting time and date, checking cash register units for integrity.
3. Zero check.
4. Before starting the workflow, punch several zero checks to check the functionality of the cash register.
5. At the end of the working day, hand over all cash to the senior cashier or director.

Operating principles depending on the type

The device is a very complex variety in technical electronic form. Some of its parts are considered composite. These include:

1. The monitor is available in two types, for the cashier and for the person making purchases.
2. Box for collecting banknotes.
3. Tape block.
4. A printer.
5. Memory.

The cash register has a device that transmits available information to the buyer. A monitor must be present; one is installed for the buyer so that he can clearly see all the necessary information on the screen. The other is placed for the cashier.

Keyboard used to enter the required amount of funds. This affects the purpose of the cash register; with its help, the required amount is entered and is reflected on the check. The device has a division of buttons by color; they are divided into several parts, where each defines a specific group of products.

Tape block refers to the necessary part, the direct purpose of which is to store all information, including completed operations. The device is located inside the machine itself; there is no need to connect it separately.

Fiscal memory designed to record the amount of money passing through the cash register. They deal with the proceeds received on a daily basis and are reflected in the Z-report. Information is taken at the end of a work shift and stores all events with dates and detailed information for the time worked.

Each cash register has tray for collecting banknotes, which is a regular metal (plastic) box with several types of locks. One of the simplest options is an ordinary mechanical latch. However, a modern solution to the problem is an electromagnetic locking device.

The main task of the printer is to print a receipt. The cash register prints them for the buyer and for reporting at the point of sale. For the buyer, the receipt serves as proof of purchase. Varieties of some cash registers print them for other documents, this is considered a good help in work.

It should be remembered that there are many varieties of cash registers and sizes of receipt tapes; if you use the wrong one, the cash register will quickly become unusable.

Exploitation

The first thing to do is to connect the cash register to the network. Many of them have buttons on the panel on the back side, activated by turning the key to the REG position. If many zeros are displayed on the monitor, it indicates correct operation.

Subsequent activities take place in the following way:

1. Authorization. Many cash registers begin their work when the cashier logs in. You must enter a service number and a password. Some varieties start working after using a special card. appointments.
2. Calculation occurs by entering the required amount. To do this, enter the correct cost using the keys. Next, press the button for the desired section (as a rule, they are divided into various divisions: for example, shoes, clothing, groceries, etc.). Some cash register machines have the ability to read the barcode from the product, and the required amount is calculated independently. Next, press the “Payment” or “Cash” button, the purchase is made.
3. If there are discounts on a certain type of product, they are reflected immediately at the checkout. You should enter the full price (without deducting certain percentages), select a category, print the amount and press %, the discount will be calculated independently.
4. If you need to select several items, you should enter the amount and click the desired department. You should wait until all types of purchases are finished and press the “Payment” button.
5. If you need to return a zero check, you should press the “Payment” or “Cash” button.

These are the general types of working with cash register machines; if you need to find out the operating principle of a particular machine, information can be found on the Internet, or you can study in certain organizations.

In the shop

First of all, the employee is obliged to enter into an agreement on material liability. This is done to prevent theft of funds.

1. A cashier's job always begins with the need to refuel the car. The tape is inserted into the cash register and a special record is made indicating the number, its type, date, exact time of switching on, and indications at the time the cashier started working. After filling in all the data, the cash register tape is certified by the senior cashier.
2. Next, you should check the accuracy of the date and time data. Many devices have the ability to independently save the necessary information. There are cash registers that should be checked for accuracy of time and date before each shift and set if necessary.
3. Before starting the work process, check the ability of the device to operate. To do this, zero checks are printed, they are checked for clarity of printing and the presence of all necessary information. Trial checks should be kept until the end of the work and attached to the reporting documentation.
4. Next, the X-report is printed; it is of an intermediate nature and during its printing, the amount is not reset. During a work shift, such checks are printed several times. This is done to control the funds entering the cash register. They are printed at the time the proceeds are deposited. During a shift, you can send an innumerable number of checks; they do not affect work, but they help control the correct flow of funds.
5. X-reports can be taken by department, at the end of a work shift and to obtain the final result. They keep records of excess or lack of funds in the cash register.
6. If an incorrect check is punched, the correct one is punched out again, the incorrect one is stored until the end of the shift. After closing and submitting the report for the day worked, it should be compiled into a single document. Next, an act is drawn up indicating the type, model of the cash register, registration number and manufacturer’s number.
7. An act is drawn up indicating the check number and the amount entered. The check is attached to the document, which is certified by the operator and the entrepreneur.

It may happen. The reasons may be different: the product does not match the color and style, has manufacturing defects, etc. This can only happen upon presentation of a receipt, the integrity of the product (presence of a price tag on it, etc.).

In addition, there must be a punched amount in the cash register. An act on the return of the goods is drawn up. It is written in any form. After correctly drawn up documents, which are signed by the entrepreneur himself, the money for the goods can be returned.

At the end of the working day, an X-report is printed, which is performed to reconcile the cash register and the cash in it. After it, a Z-report is run, which resets all accepted funds for the shift. All information is automatically moved from RAM to fiscal memory, the received revenue is reset to zero and closed.

Typical errors

There are standard errors that can lead to failure of the cash register. These include:

1. Battery failure. This is a common reason why a machine breaks down. To eliminate such problems, you should pay close attention to the cash register. It is best to charge while switched off, this will maximize the service life.
2. Using a charging device not recommended by the manufacturer. To eliminate such causes, you need to use devices that are allowed by the factory.
3. Incorrect tape threading. To eliminate the error, you must use only the tape recommended by the cash register factory.
4. Liquid penetration. If such a nuance occurs, you should immediately turn off the device and contact a service center.
5. The automatic cutter in the fiscal registrar has broken down. This often happens due to the fault of the cashier, who sharply pulls the tape and does not close the recorder lids tightly, as a result of which the blades hit.

Instructions for working with Frontol are presented below.