Children's magazine Murzilka is 93 years old!
Despite any political and economic changes, he is alive and has even become comfortable on the Internet.
The first issue was published on May 16, 1924.
On the cover was a mongrel puppy who accompanied his owner, the red-haired boy Petka, everywhere.

Then the yellow and fluffy Murzilka appeared.
He got his name thanks to the mischievous and prankster - a little forest man who existed in popular books for children of the late 19th century.
It was a little man in a tailcoat, with a cane and a monocle.
Then the image of the forest Murzilka changed to the image of an ordinary small dog, helping everyone who is in trouble. But this image did not take root.

In 1937, the famous artist Aminadav Kanevsky created a new Murzilka.
He became a yellow hero, in a red beret and scarf, with a camera slung over his shoulder.

Over the years, Agnia Barto, Korney Chukovsky, S. Marshak, M. Prishvin, K. Paustovsky, V. Berestov, Yu. Korinets collaborated with the magazine.
Murzilka publishes children's fairy tales, fairy tales, children's stories, plays, and children's poems. New modern poems and stories for children are published in the magazine along with established classics for children: poems by Mikhalkov and Barto, which the parents of today's children grew up with.

Despite the considerable age of Murzilka, it remains modern and relevant.
Keeping up with the times, and given that one of the main entertainments for children now is the computer, Murzilka has mastered the Internet - children now have access to an electronic version of their favorite magazine.

Municipal educational institution Chukhloma secondary general education

school named after A.A. Yakovlev

School library

Who is Murzilka?

To "Komsomolskaya Pravda". In 1934-1944 it was published by the Children's Literature Publishing House, after which it became the magazine of the Komsomol Central Committee.

The image of Murzilka was invented back in 1887 by the Russian writer Anna Khvolson. In her fairy tales from the series "The Kingdom of Little Ones. The Adventures of Murzilka and the Forest Men", published in the popular children's magazine "Soul Word", this character was a little forest man in a tailcoat, with a cane and a monocle. By 1908, it was already so popular that publishers began to publish the newspaper Murzilka Magazine as a supplement to the Sincere Word.

In 1937, the famous artist Aminadav Kanevsky created a new image of Murzilka, which has been preserved in the magazine to this day. This is a yellow and fluffy magical hero in a red beret and scarf, with a camera over his shoulder. He is the same age as his readers, cheerful, resourceful, inquisitive and mischievous.

Famous writers and poets Korney Chukovsky, Arkady Gaidar, Samuil Marshak, Mikhail Zoshchenko, Daniil Kharms and Agnia Barto published in "Murzilka", the authors of "Murzilka" were Viktor Astafiev and Boris Zakhoder.

Already in the first decades of its existence, drawings by artists who later became leading book graphic artists appeared on the pages of the magazine - Konstantin Rotov, Aminadav Kanevsky, Andrei Brey, Lev Bruni.

In the 1940s and 1950s, Yuri Vasnetsov, Anatoly Kokorin, Yuri Korovin, and Vladimir Konashevich began working in the publication. In "Murzilka" Vladimir Lebedev, who played a significant role in the development of the art of book graphics, painted.

From the end of 1988 to 1995, a literary seminar was held at the editorial office under the guidance of children's writer and screenwriter Yuri Koval, which made it possible to educate a new shift of permanent authors of "Murzilka".

The modern magazine "Murzilka" is filled with educational materials on various fields of knowledge. The magazine publishes fairy tales, fairy tales, short stories, plays, poems by contemporary foreign and domestic writers and classics of children's literature.

From issue to issue, materials are printed that supplement the primary school curriculum, recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.

The headings “Walks with Words” and “Let’s Play with Words” serve to expand readers’ linguistic understanding and study the Russian language. For more than 25 years, the section “Murzilka Art Gallery” has been introducing schoolchildren to reproductions of masterpieces of domestic and world painting, to the life and work of artists. The magazine also publishes materials that tell about great geographical discoveries and famous travelers (the “Travel and Discoveries” section); issues of legal education, psychology, ethics, culture of communication, rules of behavior in extreme situations are covered (headings “Let’s have a heart-to-heart talk”, “Safety School”). Much attention is paid to useful leisure time; each room provides a variety of homemade products. Inside the magazine there are tabs and flaps on which educational games, crosswords, and assignments are located.

Few people know that the magazine owes its existence to the Canadian artist and writer Palmer Cox. At the end of the 19th century, he published a series of poems about the small people of the Brownies. And a little later, the Russian writer Anna Khvolson, inspired by the works of Cox, created her own series of stories, where the main character was Murzilka - a little man in a tailcoat and with a monocle.

In 1908, its popularity was quite large, and the editors of the publication “Dushushevnoye Slovo” began to publish an appendix - the newspaper “Murzilka Magazine”.

In the twenties, this publication turned into an independent magazine, but it was necessary to abandon the “bourgeois” image of the main character. Murzilka turned into an ordinary puppy with a good-natured smile, living with Petya and understanding the world. He flew in a hot air balloon, traveled with pioneers, slept in the same cage with a polar bear, etc.

In the thirties, thanks to the artist Aminadav Kanevsky, Murzilka acquired the image in which he has survived to this day, although somewhat modified - a yellow puppy in a red beret, a striped scarf, with a postman's bag and a camera.

At the end of the thirties, Murzilka disappeared from the pages of the publication and appeared only during the war years in the form. The magazine called for help in the military cause, talked about exploits and much more. When the war ended, the familiar yellow puppy returned again. At this time, S. Marshak, S. Mikhalkov, V. Bianki, K. Paustovsky, M. Prishvin, E. Schwartz and others began to be published on the pages of the publication.

During the Thaw period, the magazine's circulation grew to crazy numbers - about five million copies were published. Along with this, talented authors appeared - A. Barto, V. Dragunsky, Y. Kazakov, A. Nekrasov, V. Astafiev, etc. In addition, educational material began to appear in the magazine - the heading “Our Favorite Artists”, a section on travel “ Following the sun”, etc.
In the seventies, thematic issues dedicated to rivers, fairy tales and other areas began to be published. Works by foreign authors also began to appear - Otfried Preusler, Donald Bissetga, Astrid Lindgren, Tove Jansson.

During perestroika, a competent editor, Tatyana Filippovna Androsenko, began to manage the magazines. It was thanks to her that the publication did not sink into obscurity. The circulation fell, printing houses refused to print it, but all these problems were solved. New authors even began to appear.

Currently, “Murzilka” is a modern glossy publication that has not deviated from its traditions - the search for new young talented authors, high quality products, educational and entertaining materials for younger schoolchildren.

Agafurov Alfrid

This research work traces the entire history of the creation and origin of the main character of the children's magazine - Murzilka.

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STATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE OMSK REGION

“TARA SPECIAL (CORRECTIONAL) SCHOOL – BOARDING FOR CHILDREN – ORPHANS AND CHILDREN WITHOUT PARENTAL CARE WITH LIMITED HEALTH CAPABILITIES VIII TYPE”

WORK THEME

Completed by: Agafurov Alfrid,

7th grade student

Head: Solovyova L.A.

Teacher

Tara - 2013

1. Introduction – page 3
2. Analysis of resultssurvey of class students – page 4
3. Murzilka in ancient times - page 6
4. Palmer Cox- "Brownie"- page 7
5. Anna Borisovna Khvolson- stories about little forest people – page 8
6. Murzilka - a small white dog with its owner - the boy Petya – page 9
7. Murzilka - little man – page 10
8. Aminadav Kanevsky- image of a puppy- correspondentMurzilki – page 11
9. Book Alexandra Khvolson- “The kingdom of little ones. The Adventures of Murzilka and the Forest Men” - page 12
10. "Murzilka" - magazine for children – page 13
11. Special sectionsmagazine "Murzilka" - page. 14
12. Guinness Book of Records– page 15
13. Conclusions and offers - page 16
14. Literature – page 17

Application questionnaire “Murzilka – who is he and where is he from?”

1. Introduction.

From early childhood, every child has favorite toys and cartoon characters. Does the child know the history of the creation of these toys and cartoon characters? Where did they come from? Who invented them?

Purpose of the study– prove the story of origin and creation using a specific hero.

Research objectives:

1. To identify the level of children’s knowledge about the history of the origin and creation of a particular hero.
2. Trace the history of the origin and creation of a particular hero.
3. Tell the story of the origin, creation, popularity of a particular hero.

1. Analysis of survey results

class students.

In our century, children have completely different cartoon characters and hence the toys. And before there was the famous hero Murzilka, who was filmed in cartoons, fairy tales were written, and a children's magazine was published.

The survey method was used to determine how much the history of the origin and creation of Murzilka is known.

The students were asked to answer several questions. 24 students took part in the survey. Test results showed that most students do not know what animal Murzilka looks like, who created it and where it came from.

Summarizing the results obtained during testing are given in table 1.

Analysis of the results of a survey of class students

1. Murzilka in ancient times.

Who is Murzilka?- This question is often asked by children. And they themselves answer who calls him a chicken, a bear cub, a dog - who is closer to whom.

Murzilka - in ancient times they scared naughty children.

This small and very evil shaggy creature could sneak up on a naughty child and bite off his toes or do something worse.

The very word “Murzilka” came from murz. This is what they said about a dog that gets angry and growls, baring its teeth.

1. Palmer Cox- cycle of poems about little people"Brownie".

At the end 19th centuryCanadianartist and writerPalmer Coxcame up with a series of poems with his own illustrations about little people"Brownie".

These are the closest relatives of brownies, small people, about 90 centimeters tall, similar to little elves with brown unkempt hair and bright blue eyes (because of the brown color of their hair they are called “brownies”). Their skin is predominantly light, although the color of a brownie's skin depends on where they live and what they eat. These creatures come at night and finish what the servants did not finish.

1. Anna Borisovna Khvolson- stories about little forest people

A little later, a Russian writerAnna Borisovna KhvolsonBased on Cox's drawings, she wrote stories about little forest men, where the main character was Murzilka (the writer came up with the names herself).It was a boy in a black tailcoat, with a huge white flower in his buttonhole, wearing a silk top hat and long-toed boots that were fashionable at that time. And in his hands he always had an elegant cane and a monocle.

From Anna Khvolson, “Although his brothers loved Murzilka, they considered him a lazy man, which he really was. In addition, he loved to show off: he wore a long coat or tailcoat, a tall black hat, boots with narrow toes, a cane and a glass in his eye , of which he was very proud, while others called him Empty Head."

Murzilka himself, according to the plot of the fairy tale, constantly found himself in some funny stories.

1. Murzilka - a small white dog with its owner - the boy Petya

Murzilka experienced several fateful changes in her life.

16th of May1924 V USSRThe first issue of the Murzilka magazine was published.

Now Murzilka was a small white dog and appeared together with his owner, the boy Petya. Murzilka was a dependent character, dependent on his master.

1. Murzilka - little man

However, back in the 50s Murzilka was a little man wearing an acorn hat on his head instead of a beret. He appeared like this in several cartoons, the latest of which is"Murzilka on the satellite"– was created in 1960. It was this beret that later became an indispensable attribute of Murzilka.

1. Aminadav Kanevsky- image of a puppy- correspondent Murzilki

IN 1937 artist Aminadav Kanevskycreated the image of a puppy that became famous in the USSR -correspondentMurzilki is a yellow fluffy character in a red beret, with a scarf and a camera over his shoulder.

From the biography Murzilka knows that he is the grandson of Father Frost and the Snow Woman. And as soon as he appears, the most incredible and amazing adventures immediately begin with him.

1. Book Alexandra Khvolson- “The kingdom of little ones. The Adventures of Murzilka and the Forest Men."

IN 1993The publishing house "Kvesta" published a book under the authorship ofAlexandra Khvolson - “The kingdom of little ones. The Adventures of Murzilka and the Forest Men."

In the 21st century "Murzilka" - full-color glossy edition, magazine for children. Wherein magazine still preserves traditions, collecting on its pages only the best examples of modern Russian literature for children. Several sections about art, Russian history, nature, entertaining, educational, developmental tabs make the new “Murzilka” meaningful and interesting.

Murzilka has acquired a lot over the years friends and they became the hosts of the main sections of the magazine - funny and entertaining stories, curiosity questions, a sports page, stories about nature.

The best children's writers were published on the pages of Murzilka: Samuil Marshak, Korney Chukovsky, Sergei Mikhalkov, Boris Zakhoder, Agnia Barto.

Murzilka instills in her magazine love for learning with the help of bright pictures, interesting plots and playful poems.

1. Special sectionsmagazine "Murzilka".

Jokes, riddles, fables, and games are published in Murzilka from issue to issue to this day, although in recent years they have become more frequent come up with The guys themselves are readers of the magazine, and our grown-up hero, Murzilka, now runs the letters department in the magazine, which is called “Murzilka Post Office.”

Special sections magazine: “Murzilki Art Gallery”, “Red Book of Murzilki”, “Let's Talk Heart to Heart”, “Travel and Discoveries”.

1. Guinness Book of Records.

IN 2011the magazine "Murzilka" was listed V Guinness Book of Records.

It has been recognized as the longest running children's publication.