Last year, 2017, the legislation in the field of circulation of alcoholic products, in particular beer, underwent some changes. Punishments for violations in this area have been tightened, and some provisions regarding the rules for the circulation of alcohol-containing products have been changed.

The essence of the law

The main legal document in the field of sales of alcohol, and beer in particular, is adopted by the State Duma of the Russian Federation in July and approved by the Federation Council of the Russian Federation in November 1995.

Structurally, Law 171-FZ is presented in four chapters, including 27 articles. Let's look at the summary of the law, outlining the main points:

Chapter 1. General provisions: scope of the law, basic concepts, relevant legislation, state monopoly on the production and circulation of alcohol and alcohol, powers of federal and local authorities in this area.

Also read the Federal Law on Bankruptcy of Individuals. More details

Chapter 2. Requirements for the production and circulation of beer: rules for using equipment, circulation and supply of alcohol and alcohol, accompanying documentation, special requirements, taxation and labeling, regulation of import and export of alcoholic products, accounting and declaration of production volume, turnover and use of grape volume (in the production of wine and cognac products), registration production equipment, requirements for retail sales, drinking rules and restrictions.

Chapter 3. Licensing: types of activities subject to licensing, procedure for issuing a license, suspension, renewal and termination and cancellation of a license, procedure for appealing a refusal to issue a license.

Read about state secrets

Chapter 4. State supervision: control in the field of production, supervision of compliance with mandatory requirements, licensing control, supervision of the use of equipment, public control, SRO of winemakers and winegrowers, suppression of illegal production and trafficking of alcohol, restrictions, features of the application of certain provisions of Law 171-FZ.

As can be seen from the thesis structure of the law, the main subjects of regulation of this law are the production and circulation of ethyl production and alcoholic products, as well as restrictions on drinking alcohol.

As for beer, in paragraph 13.1 of part 1 of Art. 2 of Law 171-FZ provides a definition of this drink, a brief description of the production technology and a description of the tolerances for the content of components.

Also read: Federal Law 261 in the latest edition. Details

Also, the “beer law” stipulates that technological equipment for the production of beer and beer drinks must be equipped with automation that measures and takes into account the concentration (strength) of the drink, as well as the volume of finished products, with an exception made for small breweries.

Article 12 of the law states that the requirements for mandatory labeling of alcoholic beverages do not apply to beer and beer drinks.

An exception has also been made for beer and beer drinks in the retail sector. In the retail trade of alcohol and the provision of public catering services, only organizations have the right to sell alcoholic products. However, individual entrepreneurs also have the right to sell beer and beer drinks.

According to the provisions of Part 7 of Article 16 on special requirements for the retail sale of alcohol when providing public catering services, as well as for drinking alcohol, the ban on drinking alcohol in public places also applies to beer and beer drinks. If the drink was purchased at an establishment, it should only be consumed in that establishment.

According to Part 9 of the same article of the “law on the sale of beer,” the rule banning the sale of alcohol between 11 p.m. and 8 a.m. local time also applies to beer, but the sale of this drink in establishments (restaurants, bars, etc.) is permitted.

Federal Law on Trade in a new edition

Paragraph 1 of Article 18 states that production and circulation of beer and beer drinks are not subject to licensing. Let us recall that the term “turnover” (according to paragraph 16 of Article 2) includes purchase, delivery, storage, transportation and retail sales.

On January 1, 2018, the deferrals and relaxations that applied to Crimea and the city of Sevastopol ended. Now the requirements for the production and circulation of alcohol in this territory are imposed in full.

Are there penalties for breaking the law?

In July 2017, the President signed a law amending the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, which provides for increased liability for the illegal sale of alcohol. Responsibility for violating the rules for the production and sale of alcoholic products is prescribed in Articles 14.16 - 14.19 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

Let's figure it out how to sell beer under the new law. When selling bottled and draft beer, the seller must consider and observe the following main points:

Trading time. According to Law 171-FZ, the permissible time for the sale of alcohol in the country is from 8 to 23 hours local time. In some cities and regions, even stricter restrictions have been established, and the night ban may also be supplemented by certain holidays on which retail alcohol cannot be sold - for example, on school graduation days.

For violation there is a fine in the amount of:

• For the seller - 30 - 50 thousand rubles;
• For the owner of a store or retail outlet: 5-10 thousand rubles;
• For an individual entrepreneur and a legal entity: up to 100 thousand rubles with confiscation.

Place of trade. Beer can only be sold in stationary retail establishments (the building must be capital and be included in the unified real estate register). Selling beer in stalls and kiosks is prohibited. It is also prohibited to sell beer in the following facilities and in the areas adjacent to them: children's, educational and medical institutions, sports and cultural facilities, public transport of all types and its stops, gas stations, markets, train stations, airports and other places of public gathering (with the exception of catering ), military installations.

For selling alcohol in the wrong place, a fine is imposed in the amount of:

• From business owners 10-15 thousand rubles;
• From a legal entity - up to 300 thousand rubles.

EGAIS— Unified state automated information system. Organizations and individual entrepreneurs purchasing beer for retail sale are required to connect to the system only to confirm purchases of wholesale quantities from legal suppliers. The seller must register on the Rosalkogolregulirovanie website. After this, the system will need to confirm the fact of purchasing a batch each time and reflect the remaining product.

For violation of the procedure for recording information on the volume of alcohol turnover in the Unified State Automated Information System (EGAIS) fines are imposed in the following amounts:

• For individuals (company manager) - from 10 to 15 thousand rubles;
• For legal entities - 150,000 - 200,000 rubles.

In both cases, confiscation of illegally sold products is possible.

Availability of a cash register. From March 31, 2017, the sale of beer, including in public catering, is possible only with the use of a cash register - regardless of the tax regime. Selling beer without using a cash register is punishable according to Article 14.5 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. The fine is:

• For individual entrepreneurs and heads of organizations - 25% - 50% of the settlement amount, but not less than 10,000 rubles;
• For organizations - from 75% to 100% of the settlement amount, but not less than 30,000 rubles.

Buyer's age. If there is the slightest doubt about the buyer’s age, the seller should ask him to present an identification document.

For the sale of alcoholic beverages to minors, an administrative fine is provided in the amount (Part 2.1 of Article 14.16 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation):

• For the seller - from 30 to 50 thousand rubles;
• For a manager (official) - from 100 to 200 thousand rubles;
• For legal entities - from 300 to 500 thousand rubles.

Maintaining a register of retail trade volumes is a mandatory requirement for sellers of alcohol and in particular beer. The log must be completed daily.

For violation of this requirement or incorrect journal keeping, a fine is imposed in the amount of:

• For individual entrepreneurs - from 10 to 15 thousand rubles;
• For organizations - from 150 to 200 thousand.

In addition, a declaration on beer turnover must be submitted quarterly to Rosalkogolregulirovanie. Download useful files:

Container and its volume. A sensational innovation in relatively recent times prescribes a ban on the production and sale of beer bottled in plastic containers with a volume of more than 1.5 liters. This change was related to the state policy of combating beer alcoholism and was made to reduce alcohol consumption by the population.

For violation of this provision there is a fine:

• For individual entrepreneurs - from 100 to 200 thousand rubles;
• For organizations - from 300 to 500 thousand.

When illegal sale of alcohol by an individual, the violator faces a fine of 30 to 50 thousand rubles (Article 14.17.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).

What changes have been made?

Amendments came into force on January 1, 2018, prescribed in Federal Law No. 278-FZ of July 29, 2017. In many ways, the amendments affected the circulation of medicines, medical products and preparations containing alcohol.

Below we will discuss in more detail the amendments to the law that specifically affected the circulation of beer and alcoholic beverages.

Clause 2.3 art. 11 was presented in a different edition. Thus, an organization producing alcoholic products must own, operate, manage or lease for a period of one year production and warehouse premises that meet the established requirements, which are real estate objects.

Article 11 of Law 171-FZ was also supplemented by clause 8, according to which the production of alcoholic beverages whose strength is less than 15% and containing tonic substances is prohibited. Such drinks are allowed to be produced only for export purposes.

Clause 1 of Article 14 has been reworded. Its provisions mostly affected the accounting of the volume of production of alcoholic products and the procedure for declaring them, which was described in detail in the subsection of this article on fines.

Clause 1 of Article 26 on restrictions on the production and circulation of alcohol was supplemented with a paragraph stating that from now on, when moving across the territory of Russia and across the state border, either on foot or by car or other transport, one person should have no more than 10 liters of unmarked alcohol. alcohol products.

The fine for disseminating such information will be:

• For citizens from 3 thousand to 5 thousand rubles;
• For officials - from 20 thousand to 40 thousand rubles;
• For legal entities - from 100 thousand to 300 thousand rubles.

Download the current version of the law

This information will be useful to both producers and consumers of beer and beer drinks. In addition, the information presented in the article can serve as a reminder for owners and managers of stores and establishments selling these products.

For more detailed information about the provisions of the law, we offer No. 171-FZ dated November 22, 1995 “On state regulation of the production and turnover of ethyl alcohol, alcoholic and alcohol-containing products and on limiting the consumption (drinking) of alcoholic products” with amendments and additions that came into force on 1 January 2018.

For some time now, a refreshing, foamy drink - beer, has become the object of close attention of the legislator. Everything you need to know about the rules for selling, purchasing and drinking beer in 2019 can be found in this article.

July 2011 was fatal for beer - adopted by the State Duma, it significantly changed the legal status of the foamy drink, equating it to alcoholic products and establishing significant restrictions on its sale and consumption.

The new rules for the sale of beer come into effect in stages: the bulk of them are already being implemented in practice, and some changes are yet to show themselves in practice.

Where you can't sell beer:

• On all types of urban and suburban public transport, at bus stops, gas stations;
• In areas near children's, medical and educational organizations, sports facilities and in areas adjacent to them;
• In cultural organizations, with the exception of retail sales of beer carried out by individual entrepreneurs when providing catering services;
• At military installations and adjacent territories;
• In non-stationary objects for trade; in wholesale and retail trade markets, in places of increased danger, at train stations and airports, in other crowded places and in areas adjacent to them. BUT when an organization or individual entrepreneur provides catering services, retail sale of beer and beer drinks in specified places.

A non-stationary retail facility is a retail facility that is a temporary structure or temporary structure (including mobile) that is not firmly connected to a plot of land, regardless of the absence or presence of a connection to utility networks. This concept is fixed.

Surrounding areas – These are those land plots that are directly adjacent to buildings, structures and structures. The boundaries of such territories are determined by local governments in their decisions.

Where you should not drink beer:

• In places where the sale of beer is prohibited (taking into account permissible exceptions: cafes, bars, clubs and similar places - drinking beer purchased there is, accordingly, permitted);
• In courtyards, entrances, in elevators, on stairs and landings of residential buildings;
• On children's playgrounds;
• In recreational areas (within the boundaries of territories containing urban forests, gardens, parks and public gardens, ponds, lakes and reservoirs, beaches and other areas used and intended for sports, recreation and tourism). BUT the purchase of beer and its consumption in places of provision of public catering services located in the specified territories,

When will it be impossible to buy beer?

New rules for the sale of beer and beer drinks of any strength (except non-alcoholic) 2019 established the sale time: sales are unacceptable by law from 23:00 to 8:00 local time. An exception is retail sales in places of catering services (clubs, bars, cafes, restaurants and other similar places).

In each individual subject of the Russian Federation, additional restrictions on the conditions, times and places of retail sale of alcohol, beer and beer drinks may be established, including a complete ban on the retail sale of these products. State authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are authorized to establish restrictions.

Ban on beer advertising

Laws on the sale of beer in 2019 established new trade rules and also affected advertising activities. From now on, beer advertisements cannot be placed on the front and back pages of newspapers and magazines, contain statements about the harmlessness and benefits of the product, or use images of people or animals, even cartoon ones. The rest regarding advertising of alcoholic beverages have not undergone significant changes.

Requirements for retail premises selling beer in 2019 according to the new rules:

1. According to law on the sale of beer in 2019, organizations and individual entrepreneurs for the purpose of retail beer sales must own, operate, manage or lease stationary retail facilities, warehouse premises and cash register equipment.

Organizations and individual entrepreneurs providing catering services again fall under the exception - these requirements do not apply to them.

1. There are no restrictions on the total area of ​​stationary retail facilities and warehouses for the retail sale of beer and beer drinks. Only, if other alcoholic products (vodka, cognac, wine, etc.) appear on the shelves of such retail facilities, then the law establishing the new rules for the sale of beer 2019, among others, introduces a restriction on the total area of ​​retail facilities and warehouse premises - at least 50 square meters meters in the city and 25 sq.m. in rural areas.

Is beer trade licensed for individual entrepreneurs in 2019?

Licensing of activities related to the retail sale, purchase, storage and supply of beer and beer drinks is not provided. Likewise, labeling for beer and beer drinks is optional.

Sales of beer in PET in 2019

Of the upcoming restrictions, one is still in effect - the production and circulation of alcoholic products containing more than 7% ethyl alcohol of the total volume of finished products must be carried out in consumer packaging not exceeding 330 milliliters in volume.

However, the sensational bill on establishing a limit on the volume of consumer packaging for alcoholic beverages is already actively taking an offensive position.

According to the new law on the sale of beer in PET, based on data, from July 1, 2017, the production of alcoholic beverages, as well as beer and beer drinks, is allowed only in polymer consumer containers not exceeding a volume of 1.5 liters. In the future, it is planned to gradually reduce the volume of this container to 0.5 liters.

As for the retail sale of beer and beer drinks, the upcoming changes will introduce a ban on the retail sale of alcoholic beverages with a strength of more than 4% of the volume in polymer consumer packaging in general, and 4% or less in polymer consumer packaging whose volume is more than 0.5 liters.

At the same time, the reduction in the volume of PET and the corresponding reduction in the ethyl alcohol content of alcoholic products will occur gradually. The exact dates will be clarified by new amendments to the current legislation.

The Ministry of Finance is allegedly preparing such a bill, which involves introducing restrictions from July 2017. Who will ultimately have the right to sell beer?

UPDATED 16:37

In Russia, individual entrepreneurs may be prohibited from selling beer. According to Kommersant, the Ministry of Finance is preparing a corresponding bill. According to it, the restrictions will come into force on July 1 next year. If the law is passed, only organizations will sell beer. This rule now applies to strong alcoholic drinks.

The ministry, according to the publication, explains its initiative by the fact that individual entrepreneurs hide the real volumes of retail sales of alcohol. Fines for failure to submit declarations for private individuals are ten times lower than for companies: 10-15 thousand rubles versus 150-200 thousand rubles.

Vladlen MaksimovPresident of the Coalition of Kioskers, Vice-President of Opora Russia“I learned about this idea yesterday, it seems completely wild to me, there is still talk going on that we need to somehow liberalize the sale of alcohol. Half of our vodka was counterfeit and remains so. Despite what they say: vodka should replace wine, beer - something else, but nothing happens. As for small entrepreneurs - individual entrepreneurs, firstly, this is the death of all craft stores, because all this is not sold in chains, there you have to tinker with every client, this is sold by individual entrepreneurs, despite the fact that this industry is developing, successfully replacing vodka in the general consumption structure. Besides, beer is a flow-forming product, and many people who drink it won’t go to a store that doesn’t have it. Therefore, this will mean another blow to small retail. And small retail, in turn, is a unique distribution network for small production. And we always talk about the need to support small production, import substitution, this and that. With one hand we seem to be doing something, with the other we are constantly delivering some blows to retail.”

The greatest damage from the Ministry of Finance’s ban will be suffered by individual entrepreneurs who have only beer in their stores. According to some estimates, in Russia today there are about 89 thousand stores of so-called live beer, 90% of which are registered as individual entrepreneurs. Baltika told Kommersant that they work with approximately 100 thousand individual entrepreneurs in the beer retail industry.

Before the ban on the sale of beer in stalls and kiosks came into force on January 1, 2013, 20% of their total products were sold through this channel. As a result, the total number of retail outlets selling beer has since decreased by 50 thousand.

Kirill Bolmatov Director of Corporate Relations at Heineken in Russia“I believe that this is a completely harmful initiative; it will naturally hit, first of all, small businesses. In addition to being harmful, it is also meaningless. They justify it by the fact that small entrepreneurs report worse, but this is not true, it does not depend at all on the form of ownership, firstly. And plus this reporting itself, to which Rosalkogolregulirovanie has complaints, is unnecessary and duplicative. There is already a system called EGAIS, through which all movement of goods - both beer and other alcohol - is tracked online. Therefore, these additional declarations that both manufacturers and retailers must fill out are simply additional, duplicative, meaningless paper bureaucracy. The EGAIS system is installed at any retail outlet, well, most likely, perhaps this is either an initiative caused by the interests of large retail chains that want to shift all demand to themselves, or these are vodka producers who are offended that their products are sold only by companies, and beer Individual entrepreneurs also trade.”

Finally, co-owner of the Sosna and Lipa bar Sanchir Badakov told Business FM that he does not see any problems for his business.

Sanchir Badakov co-owner of the bar “Sosna i Lipa”“Most of the bars in Moscow and in Russia in general, which deal not only with craft beer, but also ordinary beer bars, are just individual entrepreneurs. And we just talked about this topic yesterday with our friend, the owner of a bar, he said: it’s okay, we’ll switch to LLC. He doesn't have any particular problems with this. From a tax point of view, everything is simpler in an individual entrepreneur, but I don’t think that switching to an LLC will be a big problem. To be honest, I don’t think that this will cause any particular inconvenience even to small places, for example, the small bottling shops that every metro has, these are the so-called bottling shops. I don’t think that it will be a big problem for them to switch to LLC, because they don’t introduce a license for the sale of weak alcohol, it’s just a ban on sales by individual entrepreneurs.”

As Kommersant writes, referring to the text of the bill, restrictions are proposed to be introduced throughout Russia, with the exception of Crimea and Sevastopol. These regions will be given a deferment until January 1, 2018.

The Ministry of Finance initially did not respond to the publication’s request; Rosalkogolregulirovanie refused to comment. It was also reported that the New Bill concerns not only beer, but also beer drinks, cider and mead.

According to the latest data, the Ministry of Finance nevertheless denied such information.« This is a proposal from Rosalkogolregulirovaniya, the bill was prepared on its own initiative“, the ministry emphasized and noted that the ban will not be introduced in July 2017.

The Ministry of Finance has prepared amendments to the law on state regulation of alcohol circulation, according to which individual entrepreneurs will not be able to sell beer and low-alcohol drinks. The ban will hit small businesses: about one hundred thousand stores owned by individual entrepreneurs will close, and small breweries that cannot pay for their presence in large retail chains will also close. Market participants noticed the far-fetched nature of the Ministry of Finance’s arguments and suggested that the innovation was proposed in favor of large retail chains and could partly work in favor of beer corporations, removing small breweries from the market.

The Ministry of Finance has prepared a bill to amend 171-FZ on state regulation of the production and circulation of alcohol. The amendments were developed by Rosalkogolregulirovanie, which reports to the Ministry of Finance. According to the ministry's idea, individual entrepreneurs should be prohibited from selling retail beer and low-alcohol drinks such as cider, mead and poiret. If this norm is adopted, it will come into force on July 1, 2017, except for Crimea and Sevastopol, which will be given a one-year deferment until July 2018.

The explanatory note explains the innovation by the fact that individual entrepreneurs do not fully declare the volume of retail beer sales. According to the Ministry of Finance, this is due to the fact that for individual entrepreneurs there are lower fines for lack of declarations than for legal entities: 10-15 thousand rubles versus 150-200 thousand. The ministry claims that organizations selling beer enter into fictitious lease agreements with individual entrepreneurs.

The brewers responded by noting that the Ministry of Finance’s justification is far-fetched, since since July 2016, all retailers, regardless of their form of ownership, must provide information on alcohol circulation to the Unified State Automated Information System, noted Kirill Bolmatov, director of corporate affairs at Heineken. Therefore, declaring beer sales is an outdated and duplicative measure. Also, the Ministry of Finance, while alleging systematic violations, did not provide evidence, for example, in the form of statistical data on the number of identified cases of concluding fictitious agreements between organizations and individual entrepreneurs.

The goal of the Ministry of Finance’s project is to remove small businesses from the market, leaving the sale of beer as the prerogative of only retail chains, as follows from comments from market participants. For example, Baltika works with approximately 100,000 individual entrepreneurs in the beer retail industry. At SUN Inbev, individual entrepreneurs account for at least 37% of the total volume of retail outlets selling the company's products.

In addition, the ministerial bill is aimed at private breweries with small volumes of production. “Small breweries cannot pay for entry into chain retail, so small stores for them, in fact, are one of the few sales channels,” Kommersant quotes the opinion of Vladlen Maksimov, president of the coalition of owners of small retail formats.

Let us recall that when, in the summer of 2017, a ban was introduced on the production and circulation of beer in plastic bottles larger than one and a half liters, producers noticed a slight decrease in demand for beer and an increase in sales of vodka, and not an increase in the consumption of beer in aluminum cans, as the producers had hoped for. aluminum At the same time, initially there was talk of a complete ban on plastic containers. At the first reading of the bill, it was about a ban on PET containers with a volume of more than 0.5 liters or a complete ban on the sale of beer in plastic containers, which would lead to small producers leaving the market and the disappearance of draft beer from sale. To promote the initiative, speeches by political scientists, State Duma deputies, employees of Roszdravnadzor and other departments were used, who declared plastic containers “the secret weapon of the West.” By the summer of 2016, when the bill was adopted, it was already a question of a minimum of one and a half liters.

Moscow, Alexey Usov

Moscow. Other news 11/23/16

© 2016, RIA “New Day”

From July 1, 2017, individual entrepreneurs may be prohibited from selling beer at retail. This is reported by “” with reference to a bill prepared by the Ministry of Finance. If the law is passed, it will be a big blow for both small businesses and manufacturers.

To bookmarks

According to the document, the bill proposes amendments to Article 171 of the Federal Law on state regulation of the production and circulation of alcohol. With these amendments, the Ministry of Finance wants to prohibit the sale of beer and beer drinks, cider, poire, and mead in retail outlets owned by individual entrepreneurs. Only organizations will be able to sell these drinks.

As stated in the explanatory note to the bill, the amendments need to be adopted because individual entrepreneurs do not fully declare the volume of retail beer sales. As an example, the authors of the document say that some breweries declared in 2015 several times less volume of beer than was sold at retail.

As the Ministry of Finance explained, this is due to the fact that for individual entrepreneurs the fine for failure to submit declarations is tens of times lower than for legal entities.

In this regard, organizations selling beer and beer drinks, in order to evade liability, enter into fictitious lease agreements with individual entrepreneurs for the sale of these products.

From the explanatory note to the bill

Representatives of brewing companies received such news with caution and bewilderment. As interlocutors from the largest beer producers in Russia told the publication, the decision to ban individual entrepreneurs from selling beer is “far-fetched.”

Moreover, declaring beer sales in itself is “an excessive measure, since since July 2016 all retailers, regardless of their form of ownership, must provide information about its turnover to EGAIS” (the system of state control over the turnover of ethyl alcohol and alcoholic products).

Also, representatives of the beer industry said that when talking about the difference in declarations, the Ministry of Finance did not provide any specific figures and statistics.

If the law banning the retail sale of beer for individual entrepreneurs is adopted, both producers and owners of retail outlets will suffer from it. For example, according to the director of legal affairs at SUN Inbev (Bud, Stella Artois, Staropramen, Klinskoye, etc.) Oraz Durdyev, individual entrepreneurs make up at least 37% of the total volume of the company’s retail outlets. The Baltika brewing company reported that they work with approximately 100 thousand individual entrepreneurs in the beer retail industry.

As company representatives explained, in small retail outlets beer is one of the highest-margin goods. Therefore, through its sale, it is possible to contain prices for socially important products. If individual entrepreneurs are banned from selling beer, this will “seriously hit legal small businesses.”

The stores that specialize in selling beer will be hit the hardest, including popular stores selling beer by the glass. In addition, the adoption of the law will harm small brewing companies that lack the funds to enter large retail chains, and selling products through small retail outlets was their only chance of survival.

In the summer of 2016, the State Duma adopted a law according to which, from the same June 1, 2017, brewing companies will produce beer in plastic bottles with a volume of more than 1.5 liters. Then representatives of the beer industry said that the disappearance of beer in plastic from shelves would lead to an increase in sales of vodka, rather than the use of aluminum cans, as aluminum producers hope.

On September 29, 2016, the Ministry of Industry and Trade reduced the minimum price for vodka to 100 rubles per 0.5 liters. As stated in the department’s report, the state needs to abandon some “excessive and unjustified” restrictions on the sale of alcoholic beverages.

On October 7, 2016, a bill on a state monopoly on alcohol was submitted to the State Duma. According to legislators, a state monopoly on alcohol will help not only in the fight against surrogacy, but will also bring considerable income to the state.