Ruppel's griffon vulture flies at 11,300 meters. This is the highest flying bird. However, Ruppel's vulture, named after the German zoologist, is not migratory. The feathered creature lives, although in the north of the continent, in Africa. There is no need to “run” from the cold.

It is from them that all migratory birds hide. Some of them are afraid of the frost itself. Others cannot feed themselves in the absence of insects. Among migratory birds, by the way, there are also record holders for flight altitude. Some flocks cannot be seen from the ground.

Gray crane

Most part of time migratory birds They stay at an altitude of approximately 1500 meters. Periodically, cranes land and rest. Among flying birds, gray birds are the second in size and weight.

The first place is shared by the swan, condor, and albatross. Each of the trio gains a mass of about 15 kilos. The weight of the gray crane is approaching 13 kilograms.

The Himalayas stand on the migration route of gray cranes. They cannot be jumped over at an altitude of 1500 meters. Here the cranes climb 10.5 kilometers. The gray crane is listed in the International Red Book.

The population size has been “decimated” by intensive human economic activity. Birds are dying from pesticides and also not finding places to nest, because the swamps beloved by cranes are being drained.

mountain goose

Gains almost 9 km altitude. This is how a bird jumps over Mount Everest. The air above him is thin. Therefore, the bar-headed goose has voluminous lungs. They are 2 times larger than those of other geese. Externally, the mountain goose differs from its relatives in two black stripes running from the eyes to the back of the head.

The head itself is white. There are brownish feathers on the neck and chest. The body of the bird is predominantly gray. There are about 15 thousand mountain geese in the world. Therefore, the species was given conservation status.

Whooper swan

Among swans, he is the most numerous and one of the largest. The bird weighs 13 kilograms. At the same time, the swan rises to 8300 meters into the sky. Snow-white whooper swan. The tundra swan is also completely white, but it is smaller. There are also completely black birds with a black neck,

Not all whoopers fly south in winter. Birds remain if there is enough food and it is relatively warm. Accordingly, swans that settle near the thermal power plant often lead a sedentary lifestyle. There are bodies of water there that remain warm all year round.

Mallard

This duck prefers to winter in Spain. Some mallards, like mucking swans, lead a sedentary lifestyle if conditions permit. In cities on rivers blocked by hydroelectric power stations, ducks are fed, and in warm water there are plenty of fish, crustaceans, and algae.

In flight, the mallard rises to 6.5 thousand meters. A flexible neck helps in flight. It has 25 vertebrae. A giraffe has 2 times less.

Godwit

During flights, he reaches an altitude of 6.1 kilometers. The Godwit travels 11 thousand kilometers without landing. This is the path over the Pacific Ocean. The godwit weighs about 300 grams. With a low mass and typical fat burning during movement, the bird should not fly 11 thousand kilometers without landing.

This is inevitable death. The Godwit bypasses it, emptying its intestines before flying. During it, the digestive organs atrophy. An advantage is the economical consumption of energy. During an hour of flight, the bird loses only 0.40% of its body weight. Most small birds take 1.5-2%.

The aerodynamics of its body contribute to its even longer flight. When scientists studied the flight duration of birds, a couple of females were implanted with transmitters, and the males were simply attached to their bodies. The males died during the flight. The transmitters reduced the aerodynamics of godwits in flight.

White stork

Migratory bird routes extend between Europe, Asia and Africa. The birds spend the winter in the latter. In flight, the stork rises 4.9 thousand kilometers. Birds move in flocks. Each contains about 1 thousand individuals. In addition to the white stork, there are 6 more species. Not all are migratory. The marabou stork, for example, is sedentary.

song thrush

It does not differ in flight altitude, but it develops a respectable speed - up to 24 meters per second. The song thrush is a passerine and therefore small. The bird's body length does not exceed 28 centimeters. The weight is approximately 50 grams.

Externally, the song thrush is distinguished by its gray plumage, rounded wing edges, rectangular host, short legs and beak. The feathered eyes are also set on the sides of the head. Therefore, in search of food, the thrush tilts it not forward, but to the side.

Robin

Migratory birds are flying at a kilometer altitude in splendid isolation. Robins do not migrate in flocks. However, birds also stay solitary on the ground. The robin is smaller than a sparrow and belongs to the thrush family. The bird is distinguished by its anthracite-black eyes and beak. Olive-gray plumage. The breast and front part are reddish-red.

Robins are found in cities because they are not afraid of people. However, birds are poorly tamed. Therefore, you won’t find melodiously singing robins, related to nightingales, on sale.

Oriole

It makes flights at an altitude of about a kilometer. In an hour, the oriole covers 40-45 kilometers. In addition to speed, flight is distinguished by the wave-like nature of its movement. The oriole is slightly larger in size than the starling. However, the bird is noticeable from a distance because it is brightly colored.

There are fully and partially yellow varieties of willow. The color is golden, rich. Migratory birds in autumn travel from Europe to Africa. There the birds stop at the southern tip of the Sahara.

forest pipit

This 15-centimeter bird is not found only at the poles. In warm areas, pipits lead a sedentary lifestyle. The other population is migratory. There are about 40 species of skates in nature.

The differences between them are slight. Sometimes even ornithologists get confused in identifying a bird. The differences between the sexes of skates are also blurred. Each species has a distinct way of singing. It is used to identify skates. But they rarely sing when ordered.

Lark

Group of migratory birds stays at an altitude of 1900 meters. The flight is fast. Body structure helps. The lark's tail is short, and the wings are large and sweeping for a 70-gram bird. The lark's plumage imitates the color of the soil. In chernozem areas the birds are dark, and in clayey areas they are reddish.

This allows them to camouflage themselves while searching for food on the ground. Larks are among the first to return from warmer climes, heralding the arrival of spring. In warm winters, birds arrive by the end of February.

Lapwing

It flies low, but is distinguished by its maneuverability. Therefore, lapwings are rarely shot by hunters. Birds deviate from the shot. There are more than 20 species of lapwings. They belong to the plovers family. Among their relatives, lapwings are the largest.

In Russia, for example, the lapwing, about 30 centimeters long, nests. The bird weighs 250-330 grams. Most lapwings have crests on their heads. The exception is the soldier's look. Its representatives are also the largest, weighing 450 grams.

Martin

Swallow is another answer to the question, what birds are migratory. The flocks move south at an altitude of about 4 thousand meters. However, swallows do not differ in speed; they cover no more than 10 kilometers in an hour. Swallows are birds of the passerine order. The name of the bird comes from the common Slavic word “lasta”. The verb denoted flights back and forth.

There are 4 types of swallows. The black plumage of the tree has a purple tint. The ground swallow is brown-gray with a white belly, breast, and fragments on the neck and head.

Village birds are distinguished by their blue-black backs and wings. The abdomen is pinkish. Representatives of the urban species are similar to the village ones, but with a whitish chest.

Wood Accentor

This is a passerine bird, weighs 25 grams, and is inconspicuous in appearance. Accentor is mistaken for warbler, tree pipit, warbler, lark and the same sparrow. Usually only ornithologists can accurately identify the species.

Accentor may refuse to fly when living in warm and temperate regions. Birds of the species have adapted to replacing a summer diet of insects with a winter diet of plant debris, berries, and nuts. A shortage of plant foods in winter is observed only in the northern regions. From there the Accentors fly south.

Black swift

He is not only migratory, but also the most flyer; he may not sit on the ground for 4 years. Wings that are disproportionate to the body help. Their span is 40 centimeters. The body length of the black swift does not exceed 18 centimeters.

Fifty-gram swifts differ not only in their wingspan, but also in their life expectancy. Little ones often pass away in their 30s. For miniature birds, this is almost the limit of longevity.

Wren

It is one of the smallest birds on the planet. The wren competes with hummingbirds and kinglets for the palm. The wren does not exceed 12 centimeters in length and weighs about 10 grams. Externally, the bird is dense, round, with a short neck.

There are several types of wrens. In warm regions, birds live year-round. However, sometimes it’s not the weather that gets in the way of life. This is how the New Zealand wren disappeared. There were no land predators in the territories he occupied, in particular Stevens Island.

The lighthouse was rebuilt. A caretaker was appointed there. The man brought with him a cat named Tibbles. The cat single-handedly wiped out the New Zealand wren population. Now this view can only be seen in photographs and paintings.

Reed Bunting

Otherwise called reed. The sixteen-centimeter birds with a brownish-variegated coloration can easily hide among the reeds. Reed bunting weighs about 15 grams. Long flights with such a mass are difficult. Therefore, if the weather permits, buntings lead a sedentary lifestyle.

When winter forces them, birds migrate, that is, they move within one region or country. Only a third of buntings are migratory in the classical sense, traveling to other states, to other continents.

Klintukh

This is a wild pigeon. He has a dark lower back. This distinguishes the clintukh from brown and rock pigeons. They prefer to live in flat areas. Clintukhi are more often found in mountainous areas, far from people.

During their flights, clownfishes stay in flocks, often but powerfully flap their wings, and move at a speed of about 30 kilometers per hour.

Finch

Not all migratory birds are preparing for a long journey. Part of the finches population is sedentary. In particular, birds live year-round in the foothills of the Caucasus. If finches fly away for the winter, they go not to Africa, but to Europe. There, birds are attracted to the Mediterranean region.

The finch is a finch and is the same size as a sparrow. The color of the head and neck of the bird is blue-blue. The finch's forehead and tail are black. The chest, throat and cheeks are red-burgundy. Before flying south, finches molt. The colors become faded. In winter, finches are rather brown.

Tiemaker

Refers to plovers. This is the genus. The same family belongs to the Ringed Plover. Among them, the bird stands out with a black stripe on its neck. The mark resembles a tie. The forehead, throat, breast, underwings and belly of the ruffed one are white.

The rest of the plumage is brownish-smoky. The beak and paws of the ruffed lizard are yellow, but become dull as they fly away to warmer climes. The colors of the feathers are also fading. The cheeks, in particular, become brown, and the back darkens.

Fieldfare

This is a large representative of thrushes. The bird has a gray head and rump. The back of the bird is brown. The tail of the fieldfare is black. In flight, the fieldfare has visible white armpits. Birds demonstrate them when moving to northern Africa and Asia Minor for the winter.

Redstart

The fifteen-centimeter passerine bird has many subspecies. In Russia there are 3: Siberian, nigella and garden. The latter loves deciduous trees with hollows. The Siberian redstart, on the contrary, prefers to settle in coniferous forests. Chernushka gravitates towards mountain landscapes.

The bird is called a redstart because it has an orange-red tail. The belly, chest and sides are colored to match it, and the upper body is gray with brown and white splashes. In autumn, redstarts flock to Africa and the Arabian Islands. There birds find insects - their food base.

Nightingale

The bird is uniformly brown, the size of a sparrow. Melodic singing adds beauty. It is impossible to hear it in winter - the nightingales fly south. Nightingales arrive at the moment the first leaves bloom.

The birds accompany him with trills day and night. As the sun sets, the sounds of the forest fade away for the most part. Therefore, the nightingale’s singing can be heard especially clearly.

Warbler

The warbler is smaller than a sparrow. The body length of the bird does not exceed 13 centimeters. The wingspan is 17 centimeters. The feathers of the bird are brownish-sandy, with an olive tint in places. The warbler is also distinguished by a thin, shield-shaped beak. It is black, like the feathered paws.

Wryneck

Belongs to woodpeckers. Most of them gouge holes in trees for nesting. The whirligig uses the hollows of its relatives. The whirligig has a long and flexible neck. She is constantly spinning.

Hence the name of the bird. She twists her neck, looking for insects and defending herself. Enemies confuse the bird with a snake. To make it even more convincing, the whirligig has learned to hiss.

Coot

Coots - black migratory birds. They are from the rail family and lead a waterfowl lifestyle. There is a leathery growth above the coot's beak. He is featherless. It turns out that the bird has a bald forehead. Hence the name of the species.

The leathery growth of young coots is red. In adult birds, the formation turns white. The iris of the eyes remains scarlet.

The length of the coot is about 40 centimeters. The bird weighs 0.5 kilograms. Sometimes one and a half kilogram specimens are found. The coot goes to warmer climes after the first frost. The “impetus” for flight is ice on water bodies. This makes it difficult to catch fish and eat algae.

Tern

She has a bright orange beak and legs. The tern has a black cap on its head. Below it is white plumage, turning gray to the tail. The length of the tern is about 30 centimeters. The bird weighs on average 130 grams.

The tern settles in inland waters. Birds move 100 miles away from the coastline. This is approximately 182 kilometers.

Cuckoo

It is also migratory. Therefore, you can turn to the cuckoo with a certain question only in the warm season. Then the birds go to Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, Indonesia, Indochina, and Ceylon.

The cuckoo's flight altitude varies between night and day. During daylight hours, birds are several hundred meters above the ground. It's easier to find food here. At night, cuckoos fly at a kilometer altitude.

Cuckoos hardly make any stops along the way. The final destination is selected depending on the place of summer stay. So, from Europe, cuckoos prefer to migrate to Africa. The birds of the eastern regions fly to Asia.

The first of the migratory birds to leave their homes are insectivores. Then those that feed on fresh herbs, seeds, and fruits fly away. Waterfowl are the last to set off. The size pattern also works. Large birds stay in nesting areas longer. Small birds fly south with the first days of autumn.

Nature comes to life in spring, everything blooms. Trills, chirping and birdsong can be heard. They enjoy the warmth and sunshine. With the onset of spring, migratory birds return to their native lands. They begin to build nests and hatch chicks.

Tell the children about migratory birds in the spring. While walking, on the way to kindergarten or school, listen to the birds singing, have a conversation, tell the children about their lifestyle, what they eat. You can even play word games on the street that will help develop your child’s speech and enrich their vocabulary.

Birds are warm-blooded creatures. Their average body temperature is 41 degrees. In order for them to stay through the winter and be active, they need a lot of food. But there is no food for insectivorous birds in winter. Therefore, they fly to warmer climes in the fall.
The main reason for the flight of birds is cold and lack of food.

In the spring, insects appear, the snow melts, seeds of last year's plants can already be found, beetle larvae and birds return home.

Birds that fly to warmer regions in the fall and return to their native lands in the spring are called migratory.

Migratory birds in spring. Children about birds

Rooks. E The snow has not yet completely melted, but the rooks have already returned and are walking importantly through the fields.

The rook is similar to the crow, but its beak is thinner and straighter. The plumage is black, with a purple tint.

Rooks are omnivorous. They collect cereals, fruits and plant seeds in the fields; they can eat earthworms and small rodents. They nest in colonies, building nests high in trees.

By destroying beetles and their larvae, bedbugs, caterpillars, rooks bring great benefits to gardeners.

Starlings and larks fly after the rooks.

Starlings- small birds, similar in appearance to thrushes, but unlike them, they walk on the ground and do not jump. The starling has a sharp black beak. During the breeding season, the beak color changes to yellow. The plumage is black, both in males and females, with a purple, green tint. In winter, white specks appear on the feathers. The starling's tail and wings are short.

Starlings are omnivores: they feed on both plant and animal foods. In early spring, insect larvae are collected and earthworms are eaten. In summer they catch grasshoppers, spiders, caterpillars and worms.

Starlings sing interestingly, they can imitate the sounds of other birds and animals: they make creaking, rattling noises, they can bleat like sheep and bark like dogs.

Both parents build the nest. The female lays 4-6 bluish eggs.

When starlings fly home, they begin to look for a nesting place: a hollow, an old birdhouse.

In schools, children often make birdhouses for starlings in the spring and hang them on trees.

Lark. Arrives early in spring.

The skylark is slightly larger than the sparrow. Its back is brownish-yellow, with variegated speckles, its belly plumage is white, its chest is brown, and the lark has a small crest on its head. The coloring helps the lark to successfully camouflage itself in the grass and on the ground.

The lark lives in fields and meadows. The nest is built directly on the ground, in a hole, among the grass. To build a nest, it uses grass, plant roots, stems, and lines the nest with down. The lark camouflages its nest well.

The bird feeds on grass seeds and cereal plants. In summer - beetles, spiders, butterfly pupae.

Finch. A very beautiful bird and sings well.

Arrives at the end of March. “The finch has arrived, bringing spring on its tail.”

The male has bright plumage (especially in spring). The head is blue-brown, the chest is brownish-red, and there are white spots on the wings.

The finch feeds on insects. Breeds in forests and parks. Adult birds take care of the chicks, feed them and warn each other about danger with an alarm call.

In April, other migratory birds also arrive: blackbirds, swans, kites, geese, ducks, herons, cranes, and warblers.

In May: swallows, flycatchers, nightingales, swifts, orioles.

Martin. A beautiful small bird. Forages for food in the air and catches insects in flight. Swallows live 4-5 years.

They have a slender body, narrow and long wings, a small beak, short legs, and a long tail.

Swallows build a nest from clay, sand and mud, wetting the lumps with their saliva. The inside of the nest is lined with soft bedding. Often nests are made near human habitation, under the roofs of houses, in barns, on river banks. I remember when I was a child we had a swallow’s nest in the barn. She returned every spring and hatched her chicks.

Swallows lay 4-6 eggs in a nest and both parents take turns incubating and feeding the chicks.

Nightingale. A small, songbird.

“The nightingale flew in and sang, which means spring has blossomed.”

The nightingale's plumage is brownish and its tail is reddish. He winters in Africa. Inhabits damp bushes and river valleys. It makes a nest on the ground or in bushes.

Feeds on spiders and insects. The nightingale sings very beautifully. It’s not for nothing that they call him a singer; they sing songs about him.

Thrush, insectivorous birds.

A large bird, beautiful, with yellow plumage. The oriole sings very beautifully, like a flute.

Swans. Graceful bird. Large.

They fly to Africa in the fall and return in the spring. A symbol of purity, beauty and nobility. They say that swans cannot live without each other. There are white, gray and black.

Heron. D a long-legged bird with a sharp beak. They stand by the water and look for prey.

In Tiraspol, near the cathedral, there is a lake where swans live.

Insectivorous birds are the first to fly to warm regions, then granivorous birds and geese are the last to fly when the water bodies freeze.

Cuckoo. Famous bird. Restless, does not like to communicate with other birds.

The cuckoo feeds mainly on insects and their larvae. Favorite food: furry caterpillars. By destroying them, the cuckoo helps nature.

The cuckoo is an example of the wrong attitude of parents towards their children. She does not build nests for herself and does not hatch chicks. The cuckoo places its eggs in other people's nests. The cuckoo's eggs are similar in size and color to the eggs of the birds into whose nests it places them. The cuckoo throws eggs into the nests of different birds: buntings, wagtails, warblers, and wrens.

When a cuckoo chick appears, it may throw eggs or other chicks out of the nest. He is then fed by his adoptive parents alone to satisfy the voracious foundling.

Migratory birds. Games and tasks

After introducing children to migratory birds, you can play games to consolidate knowledge and names of birds. I offer games that will help develop a child’s speech.

"Name the chick"

Rook - rook

Duck-... (duckling)

Goose - ... (gosling)

Starling-...(little starling)

Cuckoo - ... (cuckoo).

"One is many"

Swan - swans

Starling -…

Feather - …

Beak - ...

» Fourth wheel"

Crow, parrot, dove, sparrow (parrot).

Swallow, turkey, nightingale, crow (turkey).

Rooster, goose, duck, swift (swift).

Duck, goose, tit, swan (tit).

You can come up with more words for games.

"Call me affectionately"

Chick - chick

Feather -... (feather)

Head-... (head)

Nightingale -... (nightingale)

Wing-... (wing)

Nest-... (nest).

Didactic game ‘ ‘It flies away, it doesn’t fly away.’

Name migratory and wintering birds.

Just like that, when communicating with children, you can introduce them to migratory birds and tell children about birds, learn the names, and recognize birds in nature.

To consolidate knowledge, ask children questions:

Why are birds called migratory?

Why do they fly to warmer climes?

Name the waterfowl.

What benefits do birds bring?

What do they eat?

In conclusion, I suggest you watch a good old cartoon.

I wish you a good spring mood. Listen to birds singing, teach children to recognize birds by their voices, by their plumage. Nature gives us so much joy. Do not miss the opportunity to introduce children to nature, teach them to be kind, take care of birds and animals.

Write your comments. Tell us how you introduce migratory birds to your toddlers and primary school children.

Best regards, Olga.

The bullfinch is a bird well known to many. He's a little bigger than a sparrow. Males are striking from a distance with their bright red coloration on the underside of their body. Females have a more modest outfit: their head, wings and tail are black, like the males, but the lower part is gray. On the sunny days of February, you can often hear the soft, creaky song of the bullfinch, which is a leisurely, hoarse whistle played in different tones. In bullfinches, not only males sing, but also females, which is generally not typical for songbirds.

With the onset of autumn, bullfinches begin to appear more and more often in personal plots. With a quiet, hoarse whistling (whew...whee) they sit down on a rowan tree and slowly begin to eat their favorite food. Bullfinches are respectable birds, they don’t fuss, they don’t rush. They are also knights: males. No matter how hungry they are, they will always give up the best bunches of rowan to the female. Having calmly processed one tree, the flock flies to the next one. And he does this at the command of the leader: he will slightly raise his wings. He will show everyone (to do this he will jump on a branch and turn in different directions) a white spot on his lower back. This is the command: Take flight! and the birds obey strictly.

If you carefully observe how bullfinches eat rowan berries, you will see that they throw away the pulp of the berry and eat only the seeds. Therefore, under the tree on which the bullfinches fed, you can always find rowan berries with the middle eaten out. Bullfinches can also be seen feeding on ash or maple trees. Seeds of horse sorrel and wormwood are also collected. Because of their slowness, bullfinches often fall into the clutches of a cat.

Summer will come, and the bullfinches will fly into the forest, there, in May, the bullfinches build nests. They weave them from dry grass on fir trees or cedars. These are cautious and timid birds. If they are disturbed, they easily abandon nests full of clutches. The clutch is incubated by the female. The male takes care of her nutrition. He feeds the female with various insects, seeds collected on branches and in the grass. After leaving the nest, broods of young bullfinches gather in places rich in berries and seeds.

During autumn migrations, they fly into gardens where there are weeds, and it happens that they feed there for several days. In late autumn, together with the young ones, they will appear in the city after the first powder. It’s not for nothing that they are called bullfinches - they come with snow.

tits

The tit family is widespread in Eurasia, with small numbers living in North America and Africa. There are 65 species in total, consisting of 10 genera.

The great tit is the most common tit in our district, one of the largest representatives of the family, its body length is 130-165 mm, weight is about 20 g.

The tit catches our eye more often in the fall. She spends the summer in the forests, where she builds a nest in the hollows of old trees. From morning to evening, without stopping for a minute, she flies and flutters from tree to tree, from branch to branch, searching everything, inspecting everything. Climbing, tumbling, hanging upside down, clinging to the thin tip of a branch - the tit is a great master.

Her strong legs, equipped with very sharp and sharply curved claws, serve her as an excellent weapon. Her wings are short, as if severed.

Tits are useful to our forests; they destroy caterpillars during the nesting period, as well as eggs and pupae of insects. The tit collects 500-600 caterpillars per day. A pair of titmice, settling in a garden, can protect up to 40 fruit trees from harmful insects. Even in the cold of December, flocks of tits carefully examine tree after tree in search of wintering insects. It’s not for nothing that flocks of tits are called the winged police of the forest.

Tits nest in hollows or in birdhouses, which are sometimes hung in the forest. Tit chicks are hatched twice a year. The brood in the first period of life usually consists of 10-12 chicks. Tits are also associated with some sins: they sometimes destroy the nests of small songbirds.

The main enemy of our lovely birds is the jay bird and harsh winter. Their thick, fluffy plumage, which is an excellent warm coat for birds, perfectly protects them from severe cold. In the most severe frosts, tits huddle in hollows or crevices and sleep, huddled closely together. It turns out to be a fluffy ball with tails sticking out in different directions. It is, of course, warmer to sleep this way. Much more dangerous than cold for tits is snow and frost, which cover tree branches with a thick layer and deprive tits of the opportunity to feed.

The tit is not a migratory bird, but sometimes wanders very far. Tits ringed near Moscow were caught even in Italy

In addition to the great tit, chickadees, small birds of the tit family, winter with us; they have a black or brown cap, white sides of the head, a dark throat and a light underside. Body length 11.5 - 15 cm, weight 9 - 12 g. Birds live in the forest, outside of which they are found only during migrations. They feed on various insects, in winter they eat seeds of spruce, pine, and fir. In autumn, they store food in cracks in the bark and branches of the middle part of the crown of coniferous trees. There are 2 species in the area. The brown-headed chickadee, or chickadee, nests in all areas, in all types of forests, including floodplain small-leaved ones. A sedentary, partially nomadic bird, the most numerous species of tits. Unlike other species of tits, they often hollow out hollows themselves in trees with soft wood that easily rots in natural conditions (aspen, alder, birch), which are subsequently used by other small birds - hollow nesters (tits, flycatchers, etc.). The gray-headed chickadee nests in hollows, but the female does not hollow them out, but occupies natural or ready-made hollows of woodpeckers or other tits. One of the few insectivorous birds that winter at the northern border of the taiga. a rare species, lives in spruce, larch forests, and pine forests. From September to March, birds migrate first in small family flocks, and then join mixed flocks of tits. Quite silent, the voice is similar to the voice of a brown-headed tit, and the alarming cry is similar to the voice of a great tit. They bring great benefits by destroying huge numbers of insects - pests of coniferous trees. Subject to protection.

Blue tits are birds of the tit warbler family. Body length is 11 - 15 cm. Males and females are colored the same; they differ from other members of the family in their blue tones. The beak is short. The district is represented by one species: the blue tit, or princeling - an active bird that inhabits floodplain bushes and forests with dense undergrowth, swampy areas of deciduous forest overgrown with shrubs, willows, overgrown damp areas of lowlands and swamps. Relatively regularly observed at wintering grounds in the vicinity of Khanty-Mansiysk. It feeds on insects and, in winter, on birch and spruce seeds. It collects food on the branches of trees, and in winter it pecks at the stems of horse sorrel, panicles of reeds, and umbellifers. Autumn migrations are observed in the second half of September - early October. It is beneficial by destroying insects - forest pests.

Moscow, black tit. Body length 11 - 12 cm, weight about 9 g. In the region, it nests in most of its territory to the north to the Vakha basin, the upper reaches of the Tromyegan, and the Malaya Sosva nature reserve (autumn and winter meetings of birds are known also to the north). A common but not numerous sedentary species. It feeds mainly on insects, and in winter on coniferous seeds, and plant foods are consumed to a greater extent, unlike other species of tits. It searches for and collects food on the terminal shoots of trees, hangs from cones, and inspects the forest floor or snow. Stores food for the winter, but because... Muscovite usually migrates; the reserves are consumed by birds arriving from the northern regions. It is beneficial by destroying pests of coniferous trees.

Waxwings

In late autumn or winter, flocks of quite large and very beautiful birds sometimes appear on city streets.

Having settled in the trees, they seem to look around for a while, chirping quietly and melodiously. And suddenly the chirping is interrupted by a loud, sharp scream. Apparently, it was for this cry that the birds got their name - waxwings. In the old Russian language, waxing meant: whistling or shouting loudly and sharply.

Waxwings do not fly away, even when approached close to them. They don’t fly away not because they want people to take a better look at their perky large crests on their heads, beautiful plumage or unusual decorations: shiny, bright corals - keratinized scales in the form of falling drops on their feathers. No, it’s just that in the forest-tundra and taiga - in those places where waxwings nest - people don’t touch them. And the birds are used to trusting them. They trust them even when visiting. In the middle latitudes, where people fly to warm up: after all, it’s warm here, compared to what’s going on at this time in their homeland! And there is much more food here.

Waxwings feed on berries, in particular they love rowan. If there are a lot of rowan trees, they will stay; if there are few, they will fly further south. And closer to spring, on the way home. Will appear again.

Now it has become clear. Where and why waxwings appear. And once upon a time, the appearance of these birds in the middle of winter caused a lot of talk and was considered a bad omen. Even zoologists could not explain where waxwings come from and why. Their nesting sites were not known. The nest of this bird was first discovered in Lapland only in the middle of the last century.

And it is no coincidence that the German scientist A. Brem began his story about the waxwing this way: The extraordinary has always been considered a miracle, for the miraculous begins where understanding ends.

In the spring, waxwings return to their homeland - to the forest-tundra, to the taiga. They build their nests there - massive structures. In which chicks are hatched and fed insects (usually there are five of them). In two weeks of feeding, waxwings destroy a huge number of six-legged animals, especially bloodsuckers. These are extremely useful. And during the rest of the year, although they feed on berries, they bring undoubted benefits by dispersing plants.

Sparrow

Sparrow - there is no other bird that makes as much noise as a sparrow. They shout, quarrel, bawl over every trifle - it’s impossible without this. Sparrows provide great benefits and should therefore be protected rather than persecuted.

Many people do not even suspect that in our country there are not one, but two types of sparrows: urban and field, or village. They can be distinguished by their appearance. The village sparrow is smaller than the city sparrow, but is more elegantly dressed. He has black spots on his white cheeks and a brown cap on his head.

Once upon a time, sparrows were inhabitants of southern countries. They are dressed too lightly for our winter frosts and cannot spend the night in the open air in winter. That's why they stay close to human habitation. And they build themselves a winter nest under the eaves of houses, in attics, and in livestock buildings.

In winter, sparrows are silent and rarely speak. In the morning they feed, then bask somewhere in a warm place, then feed again, and before dusk they rush to their warm nests for the night. And if someone takes someone else's place. Fights break out with chirps and squeaks. If, before sunset, several dozen sparrows, gathered on a tree, chirp vigorously, according to folk signs, frost is approaching.

Sparrows make nests more often in human buildings, less often in hollows and earthen burrows. The sparrow's nest is loose, lined with feathers, down, and wool. Usually the same pair occupies the same nest for several years. In the nest, sparrows lay 5-6 white eggs with purple spots; after 11-13 days, chicks are born. They are fed by both parents. Mainly insects, earthworms. On sunny days they chase dragonflies and butterflies. While guarding the nest, the male often enters into fights with other sparrows flying by. After 10-11 days, the chicks fly out of the nest, leave the parental home and gather in yard flocks. Under the supervision of 2-3 old men, they feed on young grass, rest on fences, and spend the night in dense trees. Birds feed on the outskirts of cities, where there are thickets of nettles, wormwood, and quinoa.

It happens that sparrows cause harm to humans, pecking at fruits in gardens, and damaging grain crops. But the benefits from them are still greater than the harm. And when China decided to exterminate tree sparrows, the number of harmful insects increased many times.

By the beginning of autumn, when the worries about the kids are over, the sparrows gather in large flocks and stay close to human dwellings all winter, until the onset of spring.

The sparrow is the first visitor to the feeders. He is very smart - he lives next to a person. But it is more difficult to catch than many wild birds.

Crows

There is, perhaps, no bird in the world with a more gloomy reputation. In folk tales and legends, she is both wise and cunning, but very rarely kind. But he often acts as a fortune teller. Why the raven has such a reputation is difficult to say. Maybe because of the appearance? Really,

Ravens are massive, large birds (some weigh up to one and a half kilograms) with large black beaks and are completely black themselves. Maybe this is the reason? But there are a lot of black animals, and no one is afraid of them (the exception is black cats, but there are other reasons). It is said that the raven, because it feeds on carrion, has a premonition of the death of animals. And at the same time he can call her out. Not convincing either. There are many animals that feed exclusively on carrion, but they are not afraid, but ravens, which feed not only on carrion, are afraid. But the fact is a fact: ravens are disliked and feared. But these birds are amazing!

It is believed that all raven relatives (crows and jackdaws, jays and rooks, nutcrackers and magpies) are the smartest birds. And among the relatives, the smartest is the raven.

Legends tell about his intelligence. And the experiments carried out by scientists confirmed: these birds are truly outstanding. Crows found a way out of situations in which not only other birds, but also many mammals would be at a dead end, they solved problems that were puzzling for animals and amazed people more than once.

But not only in intelligence, but also in character, these birds are unusual. No, crows are not gloomy, as they are said to be. The young are easily tamed, know and love their owners, many are capable of onomatopoeia and often reproduce human speech. And in their affections they are distinguished by constancy.

Crows form pairs for life. And since these birds live a long time (three hundred years, as popular rumor says, is unlikely, but they live up to seventy), many could celebrate golden weddings. They show the same constancy in relation to nests. Crows have two nests: they settle in each after a year and can occupy them for decades, regularly repairing or adding to them. The raven nests on inaccessible rocks and tall trees. The crow's house is large in size and can support the weight of an adult. Birds build their homes from large branches and grass, the central part is coated with clay and insulated with a thick layer of wool, pieces of animal skins and other soft materials. They are the first among all birds (except for crossbills) to begin building nests and preparing for breeding. The snow has not yet completely melted, but the female is already sitting on her eggs. The raven is always there, leaving only to get food for himself and his friend. At the beginning of spring, the chicks hatch, and the parents carry food to the voracious offspring for three weeks.

They are also attached to their chicks (ravens often have four to six of them), and the children reciprocate - once they become adults, they do not leave their parents for a long time.

These birds are excellent flyers. It seems that they have no equal in this. While playing, they rapidly rush through the air, dive with half-folded wings, make turns, loops, corkscrews, candles and other aerobatics.

The raven is able to soar for hours, looking for food for its family from above. Crows are primarily predators and scavengers. They are masters of both: they hunt well and have an excellent ability to detect carrion. In the first case, they destroy many rodent pests of fields and forests, in the second, they clear the forests of the corpses of dead and dead animals that could become sources of various epidemics, for which he is called a natural orderly.

Jay

The crow's younger sister, the jay, belongs to the same family. Lives in the forest all year round, making small migrations in winter to forest parks and to the outskirts of populated areas. The color of the jay is bright, the general background is red, the wings and tail are black, and there are blue and white mirrors on the bend of the wing. The voice of this noisy bird is a sharp gee...gee...gee, loud keey...keey-keey. Singing is a patter of various sounds, including various imitated sounds: the voices of birds, the barking of a dog, the creaking of a door. She has a strong black beak with a tooth at the end, and sharp claws on her feet.

Like all corvids, it feeds on plant and animal food. Jay food - spruce and sunflower seeds, oat grains. In summer, she catches beetles, hornets, lizards, mice, frogs, and attacks the chicks of other birds. In the fall, it stores food for the winter, mainly acorns and cedar seeds, and in winter it will give them out from under the snow. When there is an abundance of food, it makes significant reserves in the forest litter and tree hollows. The nest is hidden in the forest, located in the middle part of the crown of a tree or tall bush. For construction, he uses thin branches, roots and grass, and lines the tray with wool. Both birds build their nests in trees from twigs. 5-8 eggs laid in April are incubated for 17 days. At the age of 20 days, the chicks leave the nest.

It stays hidden near the nest, so it is difficult to see the jay family.

Magpie

White-sided magpie is the friendliest nickname for this bird. But she’s also a chatterbox, a gossip, a thief, and even a robber.

Of course, there are some reasons for such offensive nicknames. Not a single forest incident is complete without a magpie - it will definitely appear, look at everything, find out, and immediately rush off to notify the entire area. Well, isn't she a gossip? And what annoyance magpies sometimes cause hunters! The magpie does not take a single step away from a man with a gun, it chatters without stopping, informing animals and birds about the danger.

It’s not for nothing that the magpie is called a thief - it loves to grab what’s lying badly. And edibles would be nice. And then she drags nails, and coins, and keys, and bright pieces of paper, and fragments of colored glass into the nest... and it’s not for nothing that they call her a robber: either she will raid someone else’s nest, or she will grab a chicken, or she will manage the melon patch.

People know this well. But they don’t know much else. Because this ratchet doesn't really reveal its secrets to people. For example, she spins and spins in front of everyone, but she hides the nest in such a way that even an experienced hunter will not always find it. But if he finds it, he’s unlikely to guess. That this shapeless pile of branches on a tree is an excellent architectural structure, made to last. Thick twigs and branches are fastened with grass and cemented with clay, the entrance is plastered, the interior decoration is made of thin twigs, the nest is lined with wool, moss, and dry blades of grass. On top, magpies build a roof of thick twigs and branches. True, such a roof does not protect from rain, but it protects perfectly from predators. And very few people know that these frivolous gossips are friendly and faithful spouses. They build the nest together, and when the female sits on the eggs, the male is always nearby on guard. The chicks are born so weak and helpless that the mother does not leave them for the first days, warming them all the time. And the male brings them food. Then both parents feed the voracious and loud-mouthed magpies.

The spouses do not part with each other even in winter - they fly together to human habitation, chat and gossip together, and in early spring they return to the nest to repair it and prepare it for future offspring: in March the female already lays eggs. And the usual chores begin. So they don’t have much time left for robbery and theft. But magpies have time to do good deeds - all spring, summer, and autumn they destroy a large number of insects and rodents. They destroy so much that they cover many times the harm that they sometimes cause.

Here's a white-sided magpie for you! By the way, it really is white-sided: its white feathers are always clean and smooth. Somehow the magpie manages not to get dirty in any conditions.

Shchur

These birds of taiga forests are not often encountered by hobbyists, since they migrate in the central regions in the autumn-winter, and migrations occur in large numbers only in some years. Large. About the size of a starling, the male bee-eater is very elegant; the head, neck, chest and back are orange-red, and in older individuals - crimson; wings and tail are grayish-black; The white outer webs of the flight feathers and wing coverts form two rows of longitudinal stripes. In juveniles and females, the main background of the plumage is grayish-orange. For its short, hook-shaped beak curved in front, the common bee-eater received the name Finnish parrot. The tail is slightly notched. In winter, shuras, uniting in flocks, migrate gradually to the south and stick to coniferous forests. The food of the pike-perch consists mainly of seeds of coniferous trees. Nests. Twisted from coniferous branches, from stems and lichens, placed on the branches near the trunk. A complete clutch consists of 3-4 greenish-blue eggs with dark spots. The common bee-eater is a circumpolar bird, the indigenous inhabitants of the coniferous taiga, even its northern outskirts. In Russia, they nest on the Kola Peninsula, near the White Sea, on the lower Pechora, and beyond the Urals - throughout Northern Siberia to Kamchatka and in the cedar forests of the Baikal region and Altai.

Goldfinch

The goldfinch is a very active bird that does not stay in one place for a long time, sings a lot, especially during an inviting flight, and, of course, attracts attention. The goldfinch does not like to sit on the ground; it prefers to fly.

The goldfinch is distinguished by its red, black and yellow coloration; it can hardly be confused with any other bird.

In autumn and winter, flocks of goldfinches wander from field to field, through abandoned meadows and fields, where they collect seeds of thistles, burdocks and other weeds, or they deftly climb the thinnest branches of birch and alder, taking seeds from small cones. Some goldfinches roam near nesting sites. The rest go on long journeys to the south of Europe in October-November. From there they return in March-April and settle in an open landscape with woody vegetation, gardens, and alleys. And also in rare deciduous and mixed forests. Goldfinches make most nests on deciduous, often fruit trees, usually at the end of a branch, away from the trunk. The female uses light roots, dry grass, moss and various grasses as building material. Then she covers the nests with cobwebs from the surrounding trees. There are 4 - 5 eggs in a clutch. In a nest covered with down, wool, horsehair and feathers, the female incubates the eggs alone, giving the male the opportunity to take care of food for her. The male stays close to the nest all the time, diligently feeds his girlfriend and sings songs to her. The song is a beautiful ringing trill (more than 20 variants), consisting of loud exclamations, whistles, knocking and crackling sounds with a slowing rhythm. After the chicks hatch, the male also helps the female feed the offspring.

white owl

Owls are called feathered cats because they destroy hordes of rodents. A sharp hooked beak, long claws, large eyes and keen hearing help in catching prey. They hunt at dusk and at night. These are rare and beautiful birds that require careful treatment and widespread protection.

A white owl nests in the tundra. But during the long polar night it is difficult to obtain food, and it migrates further south. It is found in winter in open areas: in fields, near swamps, in forest-steppe areas, near power lines. They say that an owl calls when it's cold. The owl's eyes are motionless and located not on the sides of the head, but in front, so the owl has to turn its head in different directions. But it is convenient for her to determine the distance to the victim. The owl rests during the day and flies at night. Owls see well day and night. They have very sensitive hearing. More than a hundred meters away, an owl hears the rustle of a mouse running by. Owls do not build their own nests, but occupy hollows and other people’s homes. The owl is listed in the Red Book.

Owl

The eagle owl is the largest owl in our region. The color is red, the eyes are orange, and there are tufts of ear feathers on the head. Lives in a deep forest, far from populated areas. The hooting and laughter of eagle owls can be heard for several kilometers. The nest is located on a rocky ledge, in the shelter of dense branches, under a fallen tree. Incubation begins in early spring, with a clutch of up to five white eggs. The number of chicks in the brood directly depends on the amount of food. Eagle owls feed on mouse-like rodents, gophers, chipmunks, hares, hazel grouse, and wood grouse. The species is especially protected, small in number, and included in the Red Book of Russia.

Tawny Owl

Tawny owls are a genus of the owl family. Large forest owls without ears. Body length is from 30 to 84 cm. The facial disc is well developed. The beak is high, laterally compressed. The fingers are feathered. Of the 12 species in the district - 2.

The great gray owl is the largest (body length 60 - 70 cm) owl with a dark motley color, yellow eyes, and a black spot under the beak. The Great Gray Owl inhabits old forests, forest swamps, and taiga thickets. It flies relatively slowly. It hunts in the evening and at night, and in winter, on cloudy days, sometimes during the day. It feeds mainly on mouse-like rodents, sometimes attacks medium-sized birds - cuckoos, hazel grouse, etc. It uses old nests of birds of prey for nesting. There are four to five white eggs in the clutch. Incubation lasts about a month, the male feeds the female, bringing prey to the nest. These owls selflessly protect the chicks; near the nest they can even attack a bear and a person.

The long-tailed or Ural owl nests in all areas. In autumn and winter in some years, some individuals migrate to the south of the district. This type of owl is slightly smaller than the previous one. The color of the plumage is gray with streaks, the eyes are black, the tail is long, clearly visible from a distance. It is often found near human habitation. Owls hunt at dusk; in winter, they often fly during the day, when predators look for prey from above. The flight is smooth, silent, the long tail sags downward during flight. Tawny owls inhabit any forest, staying near forest edges, clearings and other open places. Nests are located in hollows, half-hollows or in old nests of large birds. A clutch appears in early spring of three to four eggs. The male feeds the brooding female near the nest. The tawny owl feeds on rodents and small animals up to the size of hazel grouse.

Kedrovka

The nutcracker, or nutcracker, is a bird slightly larger than a jackdaw, with dark brownish-brown plumage decorated with whitish spots on the tops of the feathers. The bird is widespread in taiga forests. In fruitful years, the number of nutcrackers increases and they successfully survive the winter. In lean years, most birds leave their homeland, and those that remain to spend the winter without food lead a hungry existence. In search of food, they sometimes end up near landfills or in populated areas.

When the nut ripens, nutcrackers store it from morning to evening. They take only full nuts from the cones, leaving empty ones. They carry nuts to their pantries in special bags that can hold up to 100 pieces. Nuts are usually buried in piles of up to 20-30 pieces under moss, at the bottom of an ice-free swamp stream.

The reserves begin to be used as soon as snow falls. But those nuts that the nutcracker does not find are not wasted: they give rise to new cedars, so these birds help the tree to spread and occupy new areas.

In autumn, nutcrackers are noisy, and in spring they are silent. During nesting time, they stay hidden in remote areas of the forest. The nest is built together, over 8 - 10 days, from dry branches, pieces of rotten stumps, lichens, and grasses. It turns out warm and dense, since during this period there is still a lot of snow in the forest and it can be cold. Incubation lasts 18 - 20 days. For about 10 days, the parents take turns warming the chicks and feeding them pine nut kernels. After 24-25 days, the chicks begin independent life. During the flowering of bird cherry, you can meet summer broods of nutcrackers. And by the time the pine nuts ripen, the young are already indistinguishable from their parents.

Man has been studying nature for a long time and persistently and penetrates even the most revealing secrets. And yet, nature constantly presents him with surprises where, it would seem, there is nothing to expect. It seems that everything is clear on some issue, everything has been calculated, measured, verified. And then it turns out that everything is wrong, everything is the other way around. This happens both in large issues and in private ones, as, for example, with the nutcracker bird. There seems to be nothing to think about here: this bird feeds on pine nuts and eats a lot of them. This alone is bad. But she also makes storage rooms in hollows, in the ground, and under moss - stocking up on food for the winter. And she has more than one closet.

Well, everything is clear: the nutcracker steals the nuts. Both squirrels and other inhabitants of the taiga, for whom nuts are an important product, get much less. It was even believed that where there are a lot of nutcrackers, the number of squirrels decreases. This means that the nutcracker is a harmful bird.

But relatively recently it became clear: the nutcracker not only does not harm, but in many ways it is thanks to this bird that cedar forests exist at all.

Nutcrackers are indeed very thrifty, but also very forgetful. They get to some of their storerooms in winter, even making deep tunnels in the snow to do this. But others are forgotten or cannot be found. And now, in blind clearings and burnt areas, young shoots of cedar pine appear. Where did they come from? Who planted them? It turns out that it is nutcracker! Foresters believe that the regeneration of cedar in burnt areas is the merit of nutcrackers alone. Trees appear from sown, that is, hidden and not used by the bird, nuts.

But nutcrackers feed not only on the seeds of coniferous trees; they also readily eat insects. The chicks are also fed insects. There are usually three or four chicks. Nutcrackers incubate, feed and raise their offspring in remote parts of the forest. At this time, birds lead a hidden lifestyle. But the chicks have grown up, and in any part of the coniferous taiga, where there is cedar, pine, spruce, you can see these birds.

Crossbills

Crossbill - settles only in coniferous forests. Crossbills nest on spruce and pine trees; they feed on spruce and pine seeds and feed their chicks. The ends of the upper and lower parts of the beak of crossbills intersect. This structure allows them to easily bend the tightly pressed scales of the cone and remove the seeds from under them.

Walking through the forest, you can see how from time to time cones fall from the fir trees. These are crossbills having breakfast. In some cases, while obtaining seeds, they hang upside down on the cones. In others, they pick off cones and sit with them on thick branches. During the short winter period, red-breasted crossbills sort through many cones, but do not completely clean each one.

In fruitful years, crossbills live all year round in the same place and even nest in winter. When building a winter nest, crossbills make it massive and thick so that it does not freeze. Both parents build the nest, but the male brings more building material. They place the nest closer to the trunk, under good protection of an overhanging branch, at a height of 2-10 meters.

The clutch consists of 4-5 eggs, incubating from the first egg. The female sits on the nest without leaving for 13-14 days until the chicks appear. The pubescent ones are much better. Than in birds of other species. The whole family is first fed by one male father with seeds softened in the crop, of which up to 200 pieces accumulate, then the female joins him. Chicks that fly out of the nest initially have a beak without crossing ends, so they cannot get seeds from the cones for some time and their parents continue to feed them.

The most common species in our area is the spruce crossbill. It is small (slightly larger than a sparrow). Brightly colored bird: old males are crimson-red, females are greenish-yellow. Young birds are brown with dark oblong streaks below. During the years when spruce seeds are harvested, these birds appear in large numbers; in lean years, they are almost invisible - they migrate to other areas rich in food.

Crossbills usually live in flocks of 15-20 birds. Most often we see them flying over the forest. They fly in an undulating flight, all the time calling to each other in high, abrupt voices: tick-tick-tick. When the crossbills sit on the top of the spruce tree, hung with cones, and start feeding, their voice becomes lower, clattering: tsk-tsk-tsk. Sometimes crossbills also feed on pines and larches.

Nuthatch

Many people know this bird. A small, short-tailed bird with a bluish back, white belly, red sides and a black stripe running across the eye. She always amazes with her ability to quickly climb tree trunks in any direction. The nuthatch's paws and toes are very strong and mobile and are armed with sharp, steeply curved claws.

The nuthatch's beak is long and sharp. A nuthatch can even crush a hazelnut with it. He rarely chisels the bark, but he checks all the cracks in the bark, and picks out other cracks.

Nuthatch chicks do not crawl out of the hollow prematurely. They sit there until their wings grow. The chick will get out of the hollow and immediately fly.

Before you see the nuthatch, you can hear the characteristic cry of this bird, twut-twut-twut or sit-sit-sit, then you can find the bird itself by the voice.

Nuthatches live mainly in deciduous forests. There are especially many of them in oak forests. In the northern regions, nuthatches nest almost exclusively in parks where there are deciduous trees. For nesting, hollows with a very narrow entrance hole are chosen. If the entrance to the hollow is wide, the nuthatch narrows it, coating the edges with clay. Breeds early. Chicks usually leave the nest in late May - early June.

This bird is usually lively, while singing it sits motionless in a visible place, from time to time producing a very loud, extended, rather low-pitched whistle, repeated several times in a row kui-kui-kui.... Apparently, it is precisely for this powerful Whistling, the people called the nuthatch a coachman.

Yellow-headed wren

They are the smallest birds in our hemisphere. Only in the Western Hemisphere are there birds smaller than kings - hummingbirds. Therefore, kinglets are sometimes even called northern hummingbirds. The yellow-headed wren has a distinctive pattern on the top of its head and a compact build; the top is gray-green, the bottom is whitish, with a brownish-yellow tint. The cap on the male's head is decorated with an orange longitudinal stripe (yellow in the female), bordered on the sides with black. Juveniles do not have multi-colored head decoration.

These birds are typical inhabitants of coniferous forests, including quite harsh ones. But kinglets are hardy birds. They are not afraid of winter frosts, and often in the forest in winter you can hear and see a thin squeak. How kings fly from tree to tree. It is difficult to see them from a distance, but up close their bright crests are clearly visible. These crests, which the birds sometimes raise and then lower, gave them a name. When the birds raise their crests, it looks like they have crowns on their heads. Crowns, as you know, belong to kings. But the birds are very small, they can’t catch the kings. What kind of kings are there if they are smaller than dragonflies? So, kings.

True, there is such a legend. Once upon a time, the birds decided to choose as their king the one who would rise highest into the air. Of course, the eagle rose highest. But when he, making sure that his rivals remained far below, was about to descend, a small bird jumped out from under his wing and rose higher than everyone else.

However, a commission chaired by a wise owl noticed the deception and, of course, the eagle was declared the king of birds. And the deceiver received the playful nickname little king.

Legend is legend, and kinglets, if, for example, they need to fly from one forest to another, they rise to such a height that other small birds do not rise to. And on trees they are almost always at the tops of the crowns. The kings spend whole days scurrying around there, examining every crevice, every crevice. In winter, the days are short, and you need to have time to eat, and in order to eat, you need to find insect larvae hiding somewhere, overwintering eggs. And the hard work of the kinglets is rewarded: where other birds despair of finding anything edible, the kinglets find food. During the day, the wren eats six to seven grams of insects and their larvae - that much. How much does he weigh? This means that in a year he will eat more than three kilograms or approximately eight million small insects, their eggs and larvae.

In summer there is also a lot of trouble. The nest of the kinglet is spherical in shape, made of moss, compacted with fibers, hairs, cobwebs and feathers, usually located on the edge of coniferous branches, at a height of four, often ten to twelve meters. There are 9-11 eggs in the clutch, which the female incubates for approximately 16 days. Chicks appear, like all birds, they want to eat constantly. So the wren works all year round. In winter - for yourself, in summer - for yourself and your family. After all, kinglets have two clutches a year.

Kinglets feed their chicks for fifteen to seventeen days, arriving three hundred times a day to feed their offspring. The chicks leave the nest 17-22 days after birth.

The yellow-headed kinglet rarely descends to the ground, looking for small spiders and insects, their eggs and larvae in the foliage, examining every small twig. It is often suspended from the branches below and hovers in front of them, fluttering its wings. It makes a quiet ringing call, less strong and lasting than that of the red-headed kinglet. And it’s not without reason that kinglets are considered one of the most useful birds for the forest.

Tap dancing

The tap dancer is a bird of the finch family. There are two species found in the area: the common redpoll and the ashy redpoll. The common tap dance is common in all regions. It got its name for its ringing cry, conveyed by the sound combination yachet-cheta. Very small birds of a dense build, gray-brown color, with a cut tail. Slightly smaller than a sparrow (body length up to 14 cm). Females are colored the same as males, but the red and pink colors are replaced by white, and there are dark spots and stripes on the crop, chest and sides. Inhabits shrub tundra, forest-tundra and forest zone of coniferous forests. Nomadic bird. In summer, tap dancers nest in the taiga and forest-tundra zones; in winter, they migrate south to the zone of mixed forests and forest-steppe in search of birch, alder and weed seeds. During non-breeding times they stay in small flocks. Tap dancers continuously chirp and call to each other, fluttering along the branches of trees, competing in their agility and mobility with tits and siskins. They often hang upside down to reach food. They feed on seeds and insects. The diet is dominated by seeds of birch, alder, lingonberry, and cereals; they even eat aphids. Having found a birch tree with a large number of catkins, tap dancers stick around it and sometimes feed for two or three days on one tree. The nest is built on bushes and trees low above the ground, sometimes in crevices between stones. It is constructed from dry grass and thin twigs, and the tray is lined with feathers. The clutch contains 4-5 bluish eggs with brown specks. The female incubates for 12-14 days, and the birds spend the same number of days in the nest. The male guards his girlfriend and brings them food. They shed once a year.

Breeds on the right bank of the Ob, in the river basin. Vakh, Agan, Tromyegan, M. and Northern Sosva, Kazym, during autumn and spring migrations it is found in all areas. Birds migrate north at the end of March - April - May. They nest in floodplain mixed and deciduous forests, willow thickets along the banks of lakes and streams. Nests are in bushes or on the lower branches of trees, usually 0.5 - 2 m from the ground. There are from 3 to 6 eggs in a clutch. A common and in some years numerous bird. Autumn migrations begin in September, but are especially intense in November - early December. Birds migrate to the south in large flocks. There are noticeable fluctuations in numbers over the years. During the autumn-winter and spring migrations, the ashy redpoll is found. Their singing is highly prized by songbird lovers. Subject to protection.

Chizh

In summer you can see many birds in the forest, you can find or accidentally stumble upon someone’s nest. Some birds themselves are not very hiding, and do not try to hide their nests, such as the oriole. But you won’t see the siskin’s nest, even if you want to find it - the birds hide it very carefully among the thick spruce paws. And it is difficult to see the siskins themselves - the male is greenish with a yellow breast and a black cap, the female is grayish-brown with streaks. There are yellow stripes on the wings and on the sides of the base of the tail. The beak is conical, like that of granivorous birds, short, sharp, noticeably thinner than that of tap dancers. Length on average 12 cm, weight 11 - 14 g. And their character is kind, peaceful, non-scandalous. And the song is very pleasant, quiet. It happens that in early spring, somewhere in a garden or grove, not far from human habitation, this song will join the spring drops. The song is a murmuring trill consisting of crackling, chirping hasty sounds. I just want to shout to the little birdie: Hello, little siskin, welcome back! The siskins did not arrive from across the blue sea, nor from distant lands (only a small part of the siskins fly away to wintering grounds). They wander. When it’s cold, they migrate a little south of their permanent place of residence. And some simply move from the forest closer to human habitation, it is easier to feed themselves here.

And then, if they survive until spring, they go back to the forest. And definitely coniferous. Only there they build their neat nests, only there they hatch and feed their chicks. It often makes nests in dense branches, no lower than 10 m from the ground. There are 5 - 6 eggs in a clutch. They are fed insects and plant seeds softened in the crop.

And when the chicks grow up, the whole family will move to a deciduous or mixed forest. In autumn and winter they feed mainly on alder seeds, choosing them from the cones and collecting those that have fallen off in the snow, in the spring - on birch and spruce seeds, and in the summer they eat large quantities of spruce aphids and cutworm caterpillars (they get them in the crowns of spruce and birch trees), spiders, dipterans, weevils and other small beetles. When the harvest of alder, birch and spruce seeds fails, flocks of tap dancers wander and are found in open landscapes, where they feed on the seeds of weeds and other types of grasses. They spend the entire autumn, possibly even winter, in a mixed forest. And those that migrate to the south or move closer to people will delight us with their ringing, cheerful song in early spring. And we will want to shout again: Hello, little siskin! Hello, cheerful, kind bird! We are glad to see you! .

In the district it is distributed in the western and southern regions. Found on a nesting site in the Malaya Sosva basin, summer finds and meetings of nomadic birds are known in the vicinity of the village of Berezovo, the village of Kazym, in the basin of the Konda and Bolshoy Salym rivers. Spring movements are observed in March - April - May. It is beneficial by destroying harmful insects. Siskin is one of the most common songbirds. To be protected.

Kuksha

Kuksha, or ronja, is a bird of the raven family. Body length 25 - 30 cm, weight 73 - 97 g. Kuksha is half the size of a crow, large-headed, with loose and fluffy plumage, grayish below, a blackish cap on the head, a long red tail with a longitudinal dark stripe. Its black beak is slightly pointed and slightly curved. Young birds have a lighter head and a darker back.

Kuksha leads a sedentary lifestyle and is active during daylight hours. It stays deep in the forest, in the middle tiers, and goes down. It flies easily, silently, and during flight the tail opens like a fan. An unwary, mobile bird. Not afraid of man. The voice is loud kzheei and low kuut. In the singing one can hear muttering and grumbling interspersed with whistles.

Kuksha is widespread in the taiga from the Kola Peninsula to Sakhalin. In the Autonomous Okrug it is more often found deep in the forest. In spruce-fir and cedar-larch forests it forms permanent pairs. The nest is made in trees of different heights, arranging it between the trunk and an outgoing branch, composing it from dry twigs, lined with lichens, feathers, and stems. The female incubates 3-4 greenish eggs with markings for up to 17 days.

The jayfish feeds on small animals, birds, conifer seeds, berries, and also eats garbage. It stores food for the winter, hiding it in the crevices of tree bark.

The population of this common taiga bird is low everywhere, but in some other parts of its range it has become a rare and gradually disappearing species. To be protected.

Common pika

The little gray lump quickly rolled up the tree. But it rolled in some unusual way - in a spiral. That's how mice don't run. And why would a mouse climb a tree?

Meanwhile, he got almost to the crown and suddenly... fell. No, it turns out he didn’t fall, but flew and sat on a nearby tree. Right at the butt. And again the little gray lump rolled up in a spiral.

This is not a mouse, this is a bird. And what it’s called can be easily understood if you listen. A bird sits - squeaks, flies - squeaks. Well, clearly - a pika! A small bird with a protective color that matches the color of tree trunks. The upper part is brown with light spots, the lower part is white. The beak is thin and long, curved downwards. The voice is a soft squeak and a melodic trill.

However, the squeaking does not prevent her from working all the time - searching for and pulling out insects and their larvae from the cracks in the bark. This is why the pika runs along tree trunks. The pika is very mobile, it is constantly searching for insects and spiraling along tree trunks, leaning on its tail.

This is how the pika works in the summer, and she works just as tirelessly in the winter. And when there are chicks in the nest, they work even more actively.

Inhabits large forest areas, avoids forest belts and city parks. In winter, it often accompanies flocks of tits, but mostly stays apart.

In early May, a pair of pikas builds a nest in crevices and hollows on tree trunks, in cracks and behind loose bark. Nesting materials include thin twigs, blades of grass, moss, pieces of bark, feathers and wool. Up to six eggs are laid, which are incubated by the female. When the chicks hatch, pikas fly to them two hundred and fifty to three hundred times a day.

Need I say how useful these little mice are?

Rare and scarce species.

Large lentils

Great lenticels are the only local birds who are so skillful in breaking apart acacia seeds, extracting nutritious peas. Having picked a pod, the bird lifts its head, peels it - and the peas roll along the flaps, as if along a chute, into the beak. Sometimes lentils fly under a bush and pick up fallen seeds from the surface of the snow. Lentil buds are plucked from thin branches and rowan berries. They feed directly above the heads of passers-by, allowing humans to come within arm's length. The birds probably live in family groups. Flocks are always small, up to six individuals, and consist of adult and young birds. Males show off in a crimson outfit with white speckles, and young ones - in a brown-red outfit with slight speckling. Females are painted a modest gray-green color. When they are about to fly, the birds begin to call to each other with frequent calls: vzhi-vzhi-vzhi. And they take off almost simultaneously, quickly gaining altitude.

Woodpecker

A forest bird leading a tree-climbing lifestyle. Woodpeckers move freely along a tree trunk, clinging to uneven bark with their claws. The legs are short with strong toes: two toes point forward, two point back. The tail feathers are elastic, the vanes taper towards the apex. A tail of this shape is an additional point of support when climbing trunks. A straight, strong beak and a sharp tongue help the bird remove seeds from cones, search for and extract insects from bark and wood.

The Great Spotted Woodpecker is the most common. The top of the head, back and wings are black, the ventral side is white with an ocher coating. The undertail and nape are red; the female has no red spot on the nape. The black woodpecker has black plumage. The male has a red cap on the crown and the back of the head, while the female has a red cap only on the back of the head.

The Gray Woodpecker is slightly larger than the Great Spotted Woodpecker. The general color tone is grayish-olive-green. The head is greyish. The male has a red spot on the forehead and the front of the crown; the female has no red color.

Woodpeckers are sedentary birds, that is, they live in our forests constantly, making feeding migrations. In winter they move to pine forests. This is evidenced by the forges of woodpeckers, a heap of spent pine cones near individual trees. In summer, woodpeckers feed themselves and feed their chicks with various insects, which are more abundant in mixed forests. The more stem pests, the more woodpeckers in this area of ​​the forest. In March, on sunny days, you can hear a drum trill in the forest. The male chooses a dry tree and hammers on it. This is his mating song. They nest in hollows.

The most numerous bird in the European region is the starling. Many people remember from childhood the sight of large flocks of starlings circling over the roofs of houses. Even in adolescence, boys build birdhouses for these birds. They are also called the harbingers of spring, because in March they are fussily looking for houses to move into. Their funny chatter seems quite cheerful. Which bird is the starling - migratory or wintering? This question interests many readers. In the article you will find the answer to it, and also find out where these birds live, how they reproduce, and what food they consume.

Description of the bird's appearance

Many observant readers are interested in information about the starling, whether it is a migratory bird or not, and a description of this bird. The starling is considered one of the largest and most resourceful birds belonging to the passerine order. These birds are from the Starling family and number more than 100 species. The size of the starling is considered average for passerines. The weight of an adult bird is about 75 g, body length is 20-22 cm, wingspan is 40 cm. Starlings are characterized by the following external characteristics:

• Black plumage with a metallic tint, molting in spring and turning brown. Some birds have purple, bronze, greenish, bluish tints on their feathers.
• Males are slightly larger than females and brighter.
• They have a sharp and long beak, slightly curved downwards. The beak also has the property of changing color. Most of the time it is black for the starling, but during the mating season it turns yellow.
• The bird's paws are large and strong, brown-red in color with curved claws.
• It has a massive body, a short neck and a short tail.

Is the common starling a migratory bird or not?

This noisy and chirping bird can be found in almost all parts of the world, because it easily adapts to various natural conditions.

The most favorite places for starlings to settle are Australia, Eurasia, New Zealand, and North America. Starlings rarely visit Central and South America. They take root well in Russia, France, Yugoslavia, Greece, Pakistan, India, Afghanistan, and Iraq. People have already settled these birds in Africa and Australia.

Is the common starling a migratory bird or not? The answer to this question is twofold. Starlings in the western and southern parts of Europe lead a sedentary life, that is, they stay here for the winter. But in Russia, in the east and north of Europe, it is cold for them to winter, so they fly to southern countries. Many people in the spring could observe whether the starling is a migratory bird or not. The photos in the article show the spring colonization of starlings in their wooden houses when they return from the southern regions.

The favorite habitat of these birds is flat terrain. They do not fly into mountainous areas. They choose areas near rivers or swamps as their preferred places to settle. Sometimes they can be found in steppe areas and open forests. Starlings' homes are often found near farms and human houses. They like to settle near fields where they get their food. Most birds live in hollows or under niches of buildings. They are also not averse to living in cozy birdhouses built by people.

Description of the bird's lifestyle

Starlings live in colonies, forming flocks. You can often see thousands of birds flying by, resembling a swarm of bees in the distance. The birds perform complex pirouettes one after another, and the whole flock seems to be one whole organism. Before landing, they hover above the ground, and then scatter over a wide area.

They also gather in groups to spend the night. For this, places where willows and reeds grow are suitable for them. In a city park or garden, they simply sleep on the branches of trees and bushes. In those countries where they winter, flocks can number up to a million individuals.

During the hatching period, starlings live in their own small territory and do not allow other birds to enter. They find food on river banks, crops, vegetable gardens, and in villages. They do not carry food into the nest; they eat it to the side.

Starlings are aggressive towards other birds; they compete for nesting sites. Birds such as rollers and green woodpeckers fall prey to their behavior. The lifespan of this songbird is approximately 10-12 years. Watching the starling, you will notice that it is a rather nimble bird, although small in size.

Diet of starlings

Funny starlings feed on both plant and animal foods. The most suitable spring food for them are earthworms, which appear on the surface with the first rays of sunlight. They also happily feed on larvae that overwinter in the bark of trees. In summer, starlings feast on caterpillars, butterflies, grasshoppers, apples, pears, plums, cherries, and sour cherries. In some ways, starlings can be called saviors from pests.

Reproduction method

In the spring, having flown from southern countries, starlings enter the mating season. In European and Asian countries, they manage to hatch chicks three times from spring to autumn. To do this, the birds are divided into pairs. Then they look for nesting places and bring dry parts of plants there. Moss, feathers, and grass are placed on top of the bird. A male can court several females at once.

The first clutch of eggs can contain from 6 to 10 eggs. The female lays eggs once a day. Then she hatches them. The eggs are light blue in color and reach 3 cm in length and 2 cm in width. The weight of one is 6.5 g.

Sometimes the female is replaced by a male while incubating the offspring. Chicks are born on days 11-13. They are completely naked and blind. At first they behave completely silently. As soon as the parents threw the egg shells out of the nest, the chicks appeared. Adults begin to look for food for their offspring. They bring insects to the chicks, which is a complete protein food. Parents can fly for food up to 300 times per day. After three weeks of life, the chicks make their first flight. Parents use various tricks to lure them out of the nest.

Do starlings have enemies?

The most ardent enemies of starlings are crows and magpies. These birds are capable of destroying their nests. Also, small birds are afraid of eagles, golden eagles, peregrine falcons, owls, and falcons. These predators make their way to nests in search of eggs and chicks, which they eat. Cats, martens, and snakes can also get to the nest and eat the small chicks.

Starlings next to a person

The relationship between people and starlings is twofold. In the past, people spent more time in nature and admired the early songbirds. So, there were cases when starlings were put in a cage like a canary or a nightingale. In captivity, they behave perfectly: they actively chirp and jump. By destroying locusts, slugs and chafers, starlings bring considerable benefits to humans. An important feature of their diet is that they eat insects in the larval stage, looking for them in the ground.

In addition to benefits, these birds can also cause harm to business owners. By eating fruits and berries, they destroy crops in gardens and vineyards. They especially love strawberries and cherries. Damaged goods become unfit for consumption after their raids. Farmers deal with the attacks of these birds in different ways. They stock up on nets, traps, scarecrows and sound devices.

City dwellers are also not exactly fond of starlings, who pollute sidewalks, roofs and trees with their excrement. You can often see benches and alleys in parks covered in bird excrement with an unpleasant odor. Park workers have to carefully monitor this. In certain places, they even try to catch starlings with nets and scare them off with spotlights and sound signals.

If you observe starlings, you can note some of their features:

• In flight, the starling makes fast and even movements, but in the process of catching insects, it makes irregular movements.
• Starlings are excellent at imitating sounds. They repeat the sounds and voices of other birds. It is not difficult for them to imitate a telephone ringing, the creaking of a door, the croaking of a frog, the meowing of a cat, or some kind of melody.
• Starlings can flock to branches in such large flocks that they break them off.
• At the end of the nesting season, old starlings unite with the young into noisy flocks and go to warm countries for the winter.
• Small starling chicks are very voracious; one chick eats three times more than an adult.

Is the nightingale a migratory bird?

It is no secret that the nightingale looks similar to the lesser starling. Therefore, many are interested in whether the nightingale and starling are migratory birds or not.

Nightingales are birds from the order Passeriformes. This is a small bird with brownish plumage, a reddish tail, dark eyes, and long legs. Thanks to its singing talents, the nightingale has become a symbol for many writers and poets. Many people say that this little bird doesn’t just sing, but sings. The singing is particularly sonorous and has a large number of intonations.

There are more than 20 species of nightingales. The most common is the common nightingale. It is a migratory bird and goes to Africa for wintering. Nightingales settle mainly in dense bushes, near rivers or lakes. In April, nightingales return to their nesting sites. They immediately make themselves known with their flute-like, clicking and crackling singing at night or at dawn.

Hello, dear guys! The “Projects” section continues its work for children and parents, helping in finding the information necessary for lessons. Today's topic is migratory and wintering birds. We will talk about why, where and which birds fly away from us, and also why some of them are in no hurry to leave the house.

Lesson plan:

Bird species

All birds are divided into three types:

• sedentary - such birds live in one territory permanently, without changing their place of residence, usually they are representatives of the tropics and subtropics; in the northern regions and central part of Russia these are those urban birds that are accustomed to living close to humans,
• nomadic - they constantly move somewhere, and regardless of the weather and time of year, they fly from one place to another, but within their habitat, they do this in order to find more food,
• migratory - these, when the seasons change, regularly make long flights from north to south and back, these include the majority of those living in the northern and temperate zones.

You won’t see migratory birds in winter; they fly away and return to us when it gets warmer. But the sedentary and nomadic ones - wintering ones, they will be with us throughout the cold season.

Who flies away from their homeland and why?

Migratory birds include swallows, wild geese, starlings, rooks and many others. When cold weather sets in, they fly away to where it is warm, returning back to their native places, which they left in the fall.

Why do birds leave their native lands?

Among the main reasons are cold and lack of food. Winter time is not as scary for them as a lack of food. Birds are warm-blooded creatures, their average body temperature is about 41 degrees. In addition, the down under the plumage helps prevent hypothermia. Therefore, they are able to maintain their vital functions in harsh winters, which cannot be said about their activity without a sufficient amount of food.

What do birds eat in summer?

Mainly insects. All their living prey - bugs and worms - either die with the cold or go to sleep, hiding deep in the ground. Therefore, those who do not have grain or plant roots on their menu are forced to fly to warm countries where there are many insects.

Among the inhabitants of forests and populated areas, half of the birds are migratory. Almost everything that lives in swamps and reservoirs flies to where it is warmer. So, storks and herons get ready for a long journey when ponds and rivers freeze. It is difficult to get frogs and fish out from under the ice, and small rodents have long since hidden in their burrows.

Did you know?! The rook is the last to fly away. But he is among the first to return from wintering to his native land, somewhere between March 4 and March 23. That’s why there is an expression: “Rooks have opened spring.” After them, starlings and larks fly home.

How do birds know when and where to fly?

When autumn approaches, migratory birds gather in flocks, arranging training, so that they can then fly for several hours, covering enormous distances, without losing their course. How do they do it?

Migratory birds can determine the road without a compass. Scientists have proven that they absolutely accurately determine their geographical location, flying long distances every year, perfectly oriented in time and space.

• Ornithologists believe that the sun at noon above the horizon can serve as a guide for them.
• Some experts are confident that for their path, birds use magnetic lines surrounding the Earth, which are located in the direction from the north to the south pole.
• There is also a version that birds know how to use the stars, determining their location by constellations.

Be that as it may, many experiments have already been carried out when birds were taken long distances, and they returned to their native nests over and over again.

Many people prepare for the flight in advance, when it is still warm. The instinct laid down by nature, like a bell, gives them the order to fly south to survive the winter and return back to hatch chicks. Scientists call this the migratory impulse, which serves as the start for the flight. Also, the trigger that calls for flight is the changed length of the day. By the beginning of autumn, daylight hours become shorter.

When flying, some species reach speeds of up to 100 kilometers per hour, rising to a height of 3 thousand meters. Bird travel is associated with difficulties and dangers. The smaller the bird, the shorter its path in one flight. Birds are capable of not stopping for 80 hours or more! They interrupt their flight to gain strength and feed, so long-distance flights can last up to three months.

Did you know?! The migratory bird cuckoo flies to Africa. But unlike other birds, no one has yet observed these birds in flocks. They strangely disappear in the fall, with the older ones earlier than the younger generations. And they usually fly at night and, probably, alone.

To which countries do migratory birds fly?

Many of them love Africa. Birds even fly there from the Arctic and Siberia. Most waterfowl, such as ducks and swans, winter in western Europe. From Russia, blackbirds and starlings move to the French or Spanish south, but cranes are lovers of the banks of the river called the Nile. Among the long-distance marathon runners are windbreakers from Eastern Siberia. They chose the shores of New Zealand for wintering.

However, among migratory birds there are patriots who move within our country closer to the warm domestic south. Among them are the hooded crow and the black rook.

Did you know?! Some species of ducks called “mallards” cross more than one country on their way to their wintering grounds. They fly over Belarus, Ukraine, through Germany and Holland, through Denmark and Great Britain, as well as across northern Italy and, ultimately, stop in western Europe.

Who stays with us?

Many birds do not fly anywhere and stay with us for the winter. These include those that, in addition to insects, can peck seeds, grains, berries and bread crumbs. Among such wintering birds are the well-known sparrows and magpies, pigeons and crows, bullfinches and tits.

In winter, in the forest you can hear a woodpecker persistently knocking on the trunk. He is not afraid of cold weather, and obtains food in the form of larvae and insects harmful to the tree from under the bark. In addition to the fact that he is a forest orderly, he also does a good deed for other birds and small animals, hollowing out hollows - houses in which new residents then settle.

The capercaillie does not leave its land either, because its winter forest is full of food - it feeds on pine needles.

Black grouse and hazel grouse will not go hungry, for which juniper berries and buds, as well as alder catkins, serve as food.

Did you know?! The crossbill not only feels good in winter, feeding on spruce nuts from cones. Even in the cold, he manages to build nests for himself and have offspring.

No matter how wintering birds are adapted to winter, our task is to help them survive in cold weather. You can set up dining rooms for birds using feeders. If you sprinkle grain and bread crumbs there every day, the birds will get used to the feeding place and will delight you with their appearance when they fly in for lunch.

There is even a special day of the year when a bird feeder or birdhouse must be hung. After all, on this day all birds celebrate their holiday. When exactly is it celebrated? Find out about it.

This is how you can briefly and interestingly tell about your feathered friends. And I propose to finish the project with a poem on the topic:

Feed the birds in winter.

Let it come from all over

They will flock to you like home,

Flocks on the porch.

Train your birds in the cold

To your window

So that you don’t have to go without songs

Let's welcome spring.

With this I say goodbye to wishes for new discoveries.

Good luck in your studies!

Evgenia Klimkovich.