The law regulating the production and installation of advertising structures - “ the federal law on advertising" article 19.

Purpose - subject of production

• Signs, lightboxes
• Volumetric illuminated and non-illuminated letters. Used to indicate the location of businesses different types activities - shops, offices, institutions, as well as attracting the attention of potential customers.
• Signs, information stands, buyer/consumer corners. Used to place mandatory and useful information indoors commercial enterprises, government and municipal institutions.
• Stationary street billboards- “”, “steles”, “pylons”, non-standard lighting structures. Advertising designs to attract the attention of a potential audience. The manufacture of “” type structures requires obtaining a special license, therefore they are not considered in this type of production.
• Mobile street stands(signposts). Used to attract the attention of potential buyers to the point of sale.
• Interior advertising with and without backlight. V shopping centers, commercial premises in corporate style companies.
• Banners and firewalls on the facades of buildings. They are used for image advertising campaigns, they are distinguished by high advertising effect and high costs.
• Banners over the road (trolls). Advertising designs to attract the attention of a potential audience. They are used to attract attention to the point of sale, and are placed in close proximity to the advertised point of sale.

Raw materials

• Illuminated signs, volumetric letters. For front panels, various plastics (acrylic, polycarbonate) or light-diffusing banner fabric are used. Images are applied using solvent printing onto film or cut out using plotter cutting from self-adhesive films. Side and rear walls are made of composite material, galvanized metal or plastic. Illumination - LEDs, or fluorescent lamps. Neon lighting can be used, but this requires the use of additional equipment (neon plant).
• Information stands, signs. The base is foamed plastic (PVC), the image is plotter cutting of the film, or full-color printing on films. Transparent thin plastics are used to make stand pockets.
• Stationary and mobile street structures. The basis is a metal frame (raw materials - 20/20 mm pipe or other similar materials). Front panels of light structures - light-diffusing acrylic, polycarbonate. For vandal-resistant non-light structures, front panels are made of composite panels. The image is a self-adhesive film with full-color solvent printing.
• Banner banners. The base is a vinyl banner fabric stretched over a metal frame or fixed along the perimeter directly to the facade.

Features: when choosing equipment and premises, it is necessary to take into account the parameters of the main raw materials:

• milky and transparent acrylic 2050*3050 mm;
• composite panels 1250*5600 mm;
• polycarbonate - 2100*6000 mm;
• PVC - 2050*3050 mm.

Required equipment

1. Large format solvent printer or .
2. Cutting plotter (cutter).
3. Milling cutter.
4. Power tools for processing materials, assembling and installing structures: drill-screwdriver, welding machine, industrial hair dryer, machine for installing eyelets.

Large format solvent or UV printer

The equipment is used for applying images to different types of materials - self-adhesive film, banner fabric, textiles, thin roll or sheet plastic. A solvent printer is much cheaper than a UV printer, but UV printing is much higher in the quality of color rendering and ink fixation.

This material discusses. Solvent printers of different brands differ in the width of the material printed (from 1000 to 5000 mm), the quality of print resolution (from 320 to 1440 DPI), the application material, and the printing speed.

You can familiarize yourself with business ideas based on the use of UV printing.

• When choosing the type of printer, it is necessary to take into account the following basic characteristics of the equipment: print width, productivity, maximum print resolution, ease of use, software (RIP) included. There is no need to choose the maximum indicators, as this immediately entails an increase in price. If you plan to produce small signs, city lights, stands, then a solvent printer with a print width of up to 1500 mm and a resolution quality of up to 1200 DPI will be sufficient.
• It is also necessary to take into account that productivity and printing speed are not the same thing. The performance of such printers depends on file processing, equipment heating before printing, and the speed of image playback in high-quality printing.
• On various materials the same file will be printed differently. For example, files will look different on a banner and on paper.
• Please note that the wide-format printer is compatible with Microsoft service packages to ensure system reliability, virus protection, and software compatibility with regular updates.
• It is desirable to be able to automatically calibrate (adjust) the print heads.
• The printer must be adaptable and upgradable (check with your supplier for such parameters).
• The presence of customer service and the possibility of uninterrupted supply is mandatory. Supplies.

In table 1. provides a comparative analysis of the cost and performance of various brands of equipment

Table 1. Analysis of large format solvent printers.

Conclusion: Solvent price wide format printers starts from 391,388 rubles, and is suitable for small industries with low productivity (from 100 sq.m. per 8-hour shift). This equipment can print blanks for signs and stands up to 660 mm wide. The machine combines the functions of printing and cutting shaped images along contours.

Plotter cutting machine (cutter)

Performance

Cost, in rub.

Note

Cutting width - 740 mm, continuous material feed

Cutting width - 1250 mm, continuous material feed

Cutting width - 1800 mm, flatbed material feeding (for more precise cutting), cutting multi-layer and thick materials

Conclusion: The minimum price of a cutter is 77,856 rubles, but such a plotter can cut material up to 740 mm wide (productivity per 8-hour shift is 50-70 sq.m.). For the production of small signs, this equipment will be sufficient; to be able to produce a larger range of products, it is recommended to choose a plotter with the ability to cut material up to 1250 mm wide.

Machine for milling cutting of metal and plastic

Used for cutting material, milling and engraving plastics and metals. Using such equipment, you can mill composite panels (for the manufacture of light boxes and facades), cut materials (plastic, thin metal), engrave plastics, metal and wood.

These machines can be used to produce magnesium cliches for printing or personalization of souvenirs. Material that the machine can process: polystyrene, foamed PVC, plexiglass, brass, aluminum, composite.

Types of milling machines:

• horizontal milling cantilever routers, in which the spindle and console are located horizontally;
• vertical milling machines(having a vertical spindle and providing processing of parts only in a certain direction);
• universal(on such machines you can process horizontal, vertical and inclined surfaces, as well as corners and grooves);
• by control type - manual or numerical program controlled(CNC).

• When choosing a machine, it is better to give preference to CNC equipment rather than manual equipment for maximum cutting accuracy. In the production of outdoor advertising and ventilated facades, expensive composite aluminum panels and plastics are used, so their processing requires high-precision equipment.
• Brand and type milling machine you need to choose based on the following parameters: the size of the workpieces you will work with; type of cutting and processing material; basic necessary operations; performance; compatibility with other production equipment.
• The router portal should be made of thick steel, not aluminum, for the necessary rigidity and vibration resistance.
• The electric spindle is one of the most important and expensive parts of the machine, so carefully study the characteristics of this component (the power must correspond to the load on the machine, with a margin).
• It is better to choose a motor (between a stepper and a servo motor) in favor of the servo motor - it provides higher speed and precise work machine
• When working on the machine, it is necessary to provide a device for blowing with compressed air (to clean the table from chips).
• The milling machine is optimally suited for processing and cutting foam plastics (PVC), which are widely used in the production of outdoor advertising. PVC cannot be processed with a laser, because it begins to melt (wood has the same characteristics).
• Cutting cellular polycarbonates with precision in obtaining blanks without melting the edges is possible only with milling cutters.
• When engraving acrylic, it is better to use cast plastic, as extruded plastic may crack.

In table 3. A comparative analysis of the cost and performance of various brands of equipment is provided

Table 3. Analysis of milling machines for the production of outdoor advertising.

Conclusion: The choice of equipment depends on the type of work performed, the required power and productivity of the machine, and the type of processing materials. The MultiCut 3000 1520 3.7 machine is equipped with two spindles and a more rigid frame. MultiCut 500-1224-1.5 is more economical, but its portal is made of profiled aluminum, which does not give the machine the required rigidity.

Power tools

Drill/driver

Drills and screwdrivers are tools that are used for tightening/unscrewing screws, self-tapping screws, screws, and for drilling holes in plastic, metal, and wood. Such tools are mains and battery-powered and are used for assembling and installing advertising structures.

• When choosing a tool, it is necessary to take into account the types of work performed, productivity, maximum drilling diameter (it is better to take it with a reserve).
• The torque indicator shows the complexity of the work that can be performed using this tool. Professional screwdrivers should have a rating of up to 130 Nm.
• The presence of several speeds in the tool makes it possible to select the appropriate speed for different types of work, to save battery life.

In table 4. A comparative analysis of the cost and performance of various brands of tools is provided

Table 4. Drill analysis.

Conclusion: It is better to take a drill-driver for the production of outdoor advertising with a hammer drilling function for better installation work.

Industrial dryer

A technical (industrial, construction) hair dryer is a tool for supplying air flow with a certain temperature and strength. Used in industry, construction, for repair work. Hair dryer models differ in the number of operating modes, power, and set of attachments. In the production of outdoor advertising it is used for high-quality pressing of self-adhesive film, or its removal.

• When choosing an industrial hair dryer, you need to pay attention to the following parameters: air flow power, temperature ranges, and the ability to adjust.
• For production purposes in the production of outdoor advertising, a set of attachments is required to be able to carry out work in various hard-to-reach places.
• It is better to choose a compact and lightweight tool to be able to work at heights.
• It is desirable to have smooth temperature control for different types of work.
• Thermal protection is required to prevent burns.

In table 5. A comparative analysis of the cost and performance of various brands of tools is provided

Table 5. Analysis of industrial hair dryers

Option 1Option 2Option 3

Conclusion: The cost of technical hair dryers starts from 953 rubles and above. The choice of tool depends on the type of work planned. For the production of outdoor advertising, in which a hair dryer is used to press/remove film, it will be sufficient to purchase an industrial hair dryer of the “Hurricane” or “Bison” type.

Welding machine

Welding machines are used in the manufacture of metal structures different types and complexity. Welding inverters compact, lightweight, operate on direct current. Welding machines-rectifiers such as VDM, VD, VDU are used for welding critical structures. The transformer device operates on alternating currents, so you can regulate the current strength.

• When choosing a welding machine, you need to take into account the following parameters: material to be processed, types of operations, productivity, continuous operation time, etc.
• The diameter of the electrodes is selected based on the planned thickness of the metals being welded. When welding metals up to 5 mm thick, you can choose a machine with an output current of 160 A, electrodes up to 4 mm.
• Transformer machines with alternating current and consumable metal electrodes are used for welding or cutting ferrous metals.

In table 6. A comparative analysis of the cost and performance of various brands of equipment is provided

Table 6. Analysis of welding machines.

Conclusion: If you plan to produce small advertising structures (such as citylights, small signs), then a manually controlled welding machine with a welding current range of up to 160A will be sufficient. When producing heavy, critical metal structures (for example, frames for large banners and signs), it is better to use semi-automatic industrial welding machines.

Machine for installing eyelets

Performance

150 LUR/hour

100 LUR/hour

1500 LUR/hour

Cost, in rub.

Note

can work with material density - 500 g/m2, eyelet diameter - up to 12 mm

material thickness - up to 3 mm, eyelet diameter - up to 10 mm

eyelet diameter -13 mm

Conclusion: Machines for installing eyelets must be selected based on the planned productivity. For small productions it will be enough to use a manual machine.

Technological cycle

Figures 1-2 show the design of the citylight and the technological process of its manufacture and installation.

Fig 1. Citylight

Rice. 2 Technological process

Room

• Pressroom.
• Workshop for metal processing (cutting, cutting, bending, welding of metal structures).
• Assembly (model) shop.

The microclimate indicators in premises of this type must correspond to the indicators in accordance with GOST 12.1.005-88 (welding, assembly and welding shops where work of medium and heavy categories of work is carried out).

Table 8 shows the main indicators production premises.

Table 8. Main indicators of production premises

Conclusion: Required condition Organization of outdoor advertising production is the division of the common premises into workshops by type of work. The printing shop must be equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation, since solvent inks have a persistent odor and, if accumulated in large quantities, can cause harmful effects on the human body. Assembly workshop ready-made structures must take into account the dimensions of the blanks of the main materials and manufactured structures. Floors in printing and gluing shops must be covered with a non-slip and anti-dust coating. Electric power calculated based on the number of pieces of equipment and the size of the workshop. The room temperature in the cold season should not be lower than 16°C, in the warm season - no higher than 25°C. The placement of pieces of equipment must be done taking into account the mandatory availability of free space around (especially important for a milling machine).

To store materials and semi-finished products, it is advisable to organize a separate warehouse with an area of ​​40-50 sq.m., dry and heated.

It is also mandatory to install a large table in the assembly shop (2*3-4 m) for rolling images onto plastic, installing eyelets on banners, and assembling finished structures.

Equipment for a workshop for the production of outdoor advertising

Using the equipment installed in the advertising structures production workshop, it is possible to produce the following amount of products (per 8-hour work shift):

• Large format printing - up to 100 sq.m. (banner, film, paper).
• Plotter trimming (film, thin foil) - up to 70 sq.m.
• Cutting and cutting of material - up to 300 sq.m. Engraving - up to 20 sq.m (depending on the complexity of the design).

In table Figure 9 shows an example of the configuration of a site for the production of outdoor advertising

Table 9 Equipment for a workshop for the production of advertising structures

Large format solvent printers

Cutting plotters

This equipment is for figure cutting images. Processing materials – self-adhesive films, paper, cardboard, foil.

The width of roll materials that can be cut on a plotter is 740-1800 mm. Using such equipment, letters and shaped images are cut out for gluing them onto the front panels of signs. Cutters can also be used for cutting emblems, labels, various printed and souvenir products.

Milling and engraving machines

Machines for installing eyelets

Business cards (click to enlarge)

The business card has become a part of the daily life of a business person. It has become a means of making new acquaintances and expanding the circle of potential clients. Printing services for such products are provided by many printing houses with professional equipment. However, there are situations when it becomes necessary to print business cards at home.

In order to print a business card at home, you will need some equipment and supplies. In this article we will look in detail at how and on what paper modern business cards are printed.

Design

The first thing people pay attention to is the design of the card. To create a unique and presentable business card, you need a good program.

The layout can be created in CorelDraw, Illustrator or Photoshop. You should know that for printing on digital machines CMYK color model should be used. Other printers will reproduce all shades of the RGB model without distortion. The process of creating a layout must take into account the sizes of all fields.

Another popular program is Business Card Master. It contains many templates, thanks to which you can create original business cards in a few minutes. The simplicity and functionality of the program makes it indispensable for both professionals and beginners.

Here are a few more programs: Business Card Office, Visit v1.08, Business Card Printery. You can also use a Microsoft Office feature.

With the assistant program, you can develop any type of business cards, which will significantly save money on designer services and help you show creativity. It will also solve the problems of printing a finished layout.

The only disadvantage of licensed programs is their high cost. But besides them, there are enough free utilities that can be found on the Internet.

You can see how to create a business card layout in the video below.

Paper

In addition to a wide range of densities, business card paper varies in texture. We will consider below which one will be better for paint and which one to choose.

The Epson Stylus Photo P50 is perfect. Not only business cards will be printed, but also photographs with documents.

If your budget allows, then you can take the Epson Stylus Photo R2000. This monster supports paper up to 850 g/m² and prints in formats up to A3. It is better to buy all printers right away to reduce the cost of a print.

Cutter

A reciprocating cutter is suitable for cutting business cards at home. His advantage is that he can easily take up to 2-3 A4 at once. Mastering the cutting technique is not difficult - just follow the instructions. At first, you can cut it yourself.
On YouTube you can see how printing works at home.

Have fun printing business cards at home.

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Making business cards (vizitki)

Standard business card sizes are 9x5 cm. By the way, European sizes 85x55 mm are useful for clients who often travel abroad. The card design must be original. For example, you can reflect in the design the type of activity in which the owner is engaged.

Business cards can be corporate - they reflect the name of the company, and personal, where the name of a specific person is indicated. Including contact information (website address, phone number, fax of the owner, etc.) is mandatory. Business cards usually include the owner's name, business name, and contact information.

Today, no self-respecting entrepreneur works without business cards. Thus, making business cards can bring good income, in addition, this is a type of business that does not require large capital investments.

Let's talk about this type of entrepreneurship in more detail. But first, let’s talk about where the modern business card originates from.

Business card: an excursion into history (history of the business card)

The history of the business card dates back to the 3rd century BC. The first business cards appeared in Ancient China. Thin planks of bamboo, painted red, did not at all look like business cards in our minds. Chinese officials had such business cards indicating their name and position.

Business cards vaguely resembling modern ones appeared under Louis XIV, in the seventeenth century. They were proudly called “visit cards” and were available only to the highest French nobility. Of course, business cards were made manually, according to special orders.

Famous artists often designed such business cards, so the finished card was a work of art. Here family coats of arms were depicted, the title and name of the owner were written down.

In the 18th century, the fashion for business cards reached Russia. The first business cards, of course, appeared among wealthy, titled people. Later the number of users increased.

After the events of 1917, business cards went out of use long years. It was only in the late 80s, which were marked by the development of entrepreneurship, that business cards began to be used again. The popularity of business cards in modern society is growing every year, especially among business people.

Business card making business or how to make a business card

Thus, home business Making business cards can bring quite a decent income. Where should a future entrepreneur start?

Step one – purchase of equipment, which consists of a computer, color inkjet printer, laminator and paper cutter. It's better to get a scanner just in case. It is quite possible that you will only have to purchase a cutter: the rest of the equipment is usually available in every home.

To save money, it’s easier to download free analogues from the Internet. By the way, there are programs specifically designed for creating business cards. If you have never tried working with graphics, take a design course: the skills you acquire will be useful in other areas of activity.

Purchase materials for making business cards: paper, printer ink and laminating film. Buy paper of different thicknesses: some order simpler business cards, others want only cardboard, always laminated.

The production process is easy to describe. The main thing is to develop the design of the future business card. Then the layout is printed on a printer, laminated and cut at the client’s request. You can make 10 business cards from one A4 sheet.

stylish business cards examples vizitki

How to competently approach the search for clients?

In this business, making cards is easier than finding clients. Here you definitely need advertising. We offer an interesting and very effective move.

Visit enterprises, organizations, private specialists in your city and offer to make business cards for free. Someone will definitely say yes.

And then on the business card, made completely free of charge, in the corner you will leave the contacts of the card manufacturer. Business card owners will distribute them throughout the city, thus giving you free advertising! If the design and quality of the card is at a high level, after this promotion you will have many - now paid ones! – clients.

Of course, using additional advertising - ads in the media, creating your own business card website - will only increase your chances. And most importantly, develop a business card to advertise your business, the most original and memorable one, so that you can leave contact information for people using any convenient moment.

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