JSC Yaroslavl Technical Carbon named after V.Yu. Orlova" is the largest carbon black production plant in Russia.

Construction of the Novo-Yaroslavl carbon black plant began in 1962 on the basis of Resolution of the CPSU Central Committee and the USSR Council of Ministers No. 1071 of October 7, 1960. Very short time it was necessary to build and put into operation the first plant in the Soviet Union for the production of highly dispersed active and semi-active carbon blacks.

The decision to build a carbon black plant in the city of Yaroslavl was determined by the following circumstances:

1. The need to locate soot production in close proximity to an oil refinery to use heavy gas oil, a product of catalytic cracking of oil, which is the feedstock for the production of soot.
2. The presence in the city of Yaroslavl of a large tire factory and the need to minimize the radius of soot transportation from the soot plant to consumers, because soot, even in granular form, is not transportable enough (low volumetric weight).

The design assignment for the construction of the Novo-Yaroslavl carbon black plant was developed by the Yaroslavl branch of the Rezinoproekt Institute. The area adjacent to the site of the CHPP-2 under construction (on the site of the village of Shalakhovo) was chosen as the plant construction area. The construction of the plant was carried out as a soot production at the Novo-Yaroslavl Oil Refinery, but later the soot production was separated from the oil refinery into an independent plant on the basis of Resolution of the Upper Volga Economic Council No. 70 of May 6, 1963. The first and second stages of the plant with a capacity of 20.0 thousand tons of PM-75 soot each were put into operation in January and April 1963, respectively; the third stage for the production of AM-50 carbon black, with a capacity of 24.0 thousand tons in March 1964.

The development of the plant's capacity was carried out under extremely difficult conditions. During the operation of the plant, major shortcomings in design solutions were revealed technological scheme. In addition, a number of errors were made in the design and calculation of equipment. In 1964, by order of the Upper Volga Economic Council No. 304-r dated March 26, the third stage of the PM-50 soot production plant was put into operation.

From the very first days of commissioning, it became clear that it was impossible to produce PM-50 soot in reactors built according to the project. The plant was forced to urgently rearrange the reactors with an increase in the diameter of the reaction zone from 500 mm to 500 mm, but even in this case, the soot obtained was only close in quality to PM-50 soot. Due to the impossibility of obtaining products on the installed equipment, the act on acceptance of facilities for operation by the Central Management System of the USSR was not approved and the order of the Upper Volga Economic Council No. 304-r dated March 26, 1964 was cancelled. The brake on developing the plant's capacity was also the underestimated initial number of service personnel by the project - 353 people. After considering the state of development of the design capacity of PM-75 carbon black production in August 1963, the Yaroslavl branch of the Rezinoproekt Institute considered it necessary to increase the number to 869 people.

On May 7, 1964, at the Yaroslavl branch of the Rezinoproekt Institute, a meeting of workers of the USSR Economic Council, the RSFSR Economic Council, industry institutes NIISHP and NIIKTI, NYASZ and the Giprogazaochistka, Rezinoproekt institutes was held, at which the main provisions for the reconstruction of the plant and schedules of activities for fine-tuning technological process obtaining soot EM-50. Difficulties in mastering production capacity was further aggravated by the shortage and high turnover of personnel caused by the plant’s remoteness from the city (15-18 km), and the lack of living space and child care facilities.

The Khimprom administration, together with the Upper Volga Economic Council, constantly provided assistance to the plant in developing production capacity: regional enterprises allocated qualified workers to the plant for a period of 1-2 months; was allocated a large number of metal, pipes and equipment in excess of the fund, allocated special funds to maintain all additional work for non-payroll employees and from fund 005 for bonuses to employees; A large number of specialists from research institutes and carbon black factories in other cities were invited for consultation. In 1964, the design capacity for the production of PM-75 soot was developed by 80%, and the capacity for producing PM-50 soot had not yet been developed. The quality of soot PM-75 and PI-50 produced by the plant was lower than the level of soot produced by foreign plants.

As a result of major shortcomings in the technological scheme and equipment design, it was revealed that the productivity of individual production sites could not ensure the achievement of the initial design capacity of 40 thousand tons without reconstruction of the plant, therefore, on August 10, 1965, the State Petroleum and Chemical Committee revised the initial design capacity and established PM-75 soot - 32 thousand tons per year and for PM-50 soot - 19 thousand tons per year.

The design assignment developed by the Yaroslavl branch of the Rezinoproekt Institute in 1965 provided for the elimination of imbalances between individual production areas, the installation of more advanced equipment, the creation of a repair base, and the improvement of working conditions. A lot of work was done by the plant’s team to improve technological processes, improve equipment design, and introduce new types of petroleum feedstock. During the period of mastering the production of active and semi-active carbon black, research institutes, together with the plant, carried out significant work to refine individual units of the devices, create new types of equipment, and eliminate errors made in the design of the plant’s technological scheme. NIISHP at VNIINP and the plant annually carried out work on testing new types of raw materials and processing the technological process for producing soot best quality. Together with NIKTI, two air heaters were tested, which were subsequently installed on all process flows. The plant successfully tested a reduction burner, a prototype micro-grinder, various types refractories, masonry, etc. In total, about 30 major experimental works were carried out at the plant during this period.

As a result of the work done, the quality of the soot produced by the plant has sharply increased in terms of the main indicators: dispersity, content of screenings and foreign inclusions, and granulation quality. Since 1965, the plant has been supplying large quantities of carbon black for export; foreign consumers have never made any claims regarding the quality of the carbon black. The plant constantly improved its technical and economic indicators. So in 1967, with a plan of 43,270 tons, the plant produced 46,830 tons of soot.

From the 4th quarter of 1967, the production of PM-50 soot was discontinued due to the increased demand in the country for PM-75 soot. During 1968, the plant did significant work to improve the technological process for producing soot. The process of preparing raw materials for production was improved, the technology for producing PM-75 soot was developed using equipment for the production of PM-50 soot; high-speed mixers and granulators were introduced, the most optimal values ​​of the parameters of the technological regime were found, refractories from mullet-corundum were introduced, the MFB-204 filters were modernized with the replacement of sleeves made of TSSNF-O fabric and a number of other measures.

The production capacity of semi-active carbon black PM-50 in the amount of 19 thousand tons was developed ahead of schedule in 1968. An additional capacity of 5 thousand tons was introduced after the reconstruction of the capture and processing department in 1971. The total production capacity of PM-50 carbon black after reconstruction was 24 thousand tons. As a result of the reconstruction of the dry granulation processing department in 1968 and the recovery department in 1969 with the addition of 2 sections to each of the 4 filters, an additional capacity of 8 thousand tons per year was introduced in 1970. Thus, the total production capacity of PM-75 soot as of January 1, 1970 was 40 thousand tons.

For conscientious work, for active participation in the development of the carbon black industry in 1970, 120 plant employees were awarded Certificates of Honor, badges, and Anniversary medals.

In 1971, specialists from the research center for the tire industry in Forstenwald (GDR) tested the carbon blacks of several carbon black plants in the USSR and the carbon black of the Novo-Yaroslavl carbon black plant was recognized as the best among other plants.

In 1965, in accordance with the resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Union CCP No. 912 of November 12, 1965 and in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Oil Refining and Petrochemical Industry of the USSR No. 97 of November 25, 1965, the Novo-Yaroslavl Carbon Black Plant was transferred to the subordination of the Ministry of Oil Refining and Petrochemical Industry of the USSR.

In connection with the organization of the Union Trust for the production of soot "Soyuzsazha" on the basis of Ministry Order No. 265 of December 23, 1965, the plant was transferred to the direct subordination of the trust.

In connection with the reorganization of the Union Trust "Soyuzsazha." to the All-Union Production Association of the Soot Industry "Soyuzsazhprom" by order of the Ministry No. 825 of December 4, 1969, the Novo-Yaroslavl Soot Plant was transferred to the subordination of the V/O "Soyuzsazhprom".

In 1973, in order to improve the structure of production management and consolidate the enterprises of the All-Union Production Association Soyuzsazhprom, by order of the Ministry of Oil Refining and Petrochemical Industry of the USSR No. 4 dated January 2, 1973, the Yaroslavl Soot Plant was annexed to the Novo-Yaroslavl Carbon Black Plant.

Until December 1974, the plant was called the Novo-Yaroslavl Carbon Black Plant and was subordinated to the All-Union Production Association of the Carbon Black Industry.

In accordance with the order of the Ministry of Petroleum and Chemical Industry of the USSR dated December 3, 1974 No. 928, in connection with the renaming of the products produced by soot factories - carbon black soot - the All-Union Production Association of the Carbon Black Industry was renamed the All-Union Production Association of the Carbon Black Industry, and the Novo-Yaroslavl Soot Plant to Novo-Yaroslavl. Yaroslavl plant carbon black.

By order of the USSR Ministry of Petroleum and Chemical Industry dated January 13, 1976 No. 18, the All-Union Production Association of the Carbon Black Industry was transformed into the All-Union Industrial Association for the Production of Carbon Black. In accordance with the order of the Ministry of Petroleum and Chemical Industry of the USSR dated January 13, 1976 No. 17, due to the fact that there is one carbon black plant in Yaroslavl, the Novo-Yaroslavsky Carbon Black Plant was renamed the Yaroslavl Carbon Black Plant.

Until 1986, the enterprise was called the Yaroslavl Carbon Black Plant and was subordinate to the All-Union Industrial Association for the Production of Carbon Black (VPO Soyuztekhuglerod), which in turn was subordinate to the Ministry of Oil Refining and Petrochemical Industry. Thus, the plant received both HPO orders and direct ministerial instructions. In 1988, VPO Soyuztekhuglerod was liquidated and YNPO was reassigned directly to the Ministry. Since 1989, the Ministry was renamed the Ministry of Chemical and Oil Refining Industry. In 1990, the plant left the NPO. The plant began to report directly to the Ministry.

In 1992 it was created Joint-Stock Company open type "Yaroslavl technical carbon", later transformed into OJSC "Yaroslavl technical carbon".

By the end of the 80s, the plant already had 12 process streams, producing up to 150 tons of carbon black per year. In 1993, the company was the first in the industry to introduce a closed water circulation system through the reconstruction of treatment facilities and the complete cessation of water discharge into nearby reservoirs. In 1994, the company, one of the first in Russia, launched the production of carbon black grades, according to the ASTM classification.

In 2000, the control of technological flows at the plant was completely computerized. In 2001, its own power plant was put into operation. All waste gas from the production of carbon black is burned in waste heat boilers, and the generated steam is processed in steam generators into electricity in an amount that covers the full needs of the enterprise.

Today, JSC Yaroslavl Carbon Black occupies a leading position in Russia and on the world market. The enterprise's capacity is more than 200 thousand tons of carbon black per year. These are 15 product brands, including 11 brands in accordance with ASTM nomenclature and control standards. The company exports up to 80% of its products to the countries of Europe and America, Asia and Africa. Regular consumers of JSC Yaroslavl Carbon Black products are such well-known manufacturers of tires and rubber products as Goodyear, Michelin, Continental, Nokian, Trelleborg, Semperit. Now the enterprise is one of the five largest carbon black producing plants in the world.

The directors of the plant were:

KUTYRIN Alexander Dmitrievich(1963 — 1970)

KARASYOV Nikolay Mikhailovich(1970−1985)

ORLOV Vadim Yurievich(1991−2006)

ORLOV Sergey Vadimovich(2006 — 2017)

VIKULIN Andrey Igorevich (March - November 2017)

The fact is that Russian producers of carbon - in other words, soot used in the production of tires, rubber products, plastics and paints and varnishes - were presented with an unpleasant surprise. The European Commission has launched an anti-dumping investigation against our exporters of this chemical. They face an average duty of 40 percent, and a maximum rate of 128 percent.

This means an almost complete closure of the European market for Russian carbon black, the export of which is estimated at more than $35 million. The Yaroslavl Carbon Black Plant is one of the largest suppliers. In 2000 alone, he sold almost half of all carbon black exported by Russia to Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary - 62.8 thousand tons.

Carbon black is used primarily in the production of tires. Its largest producers and competitors in our country are Omsktekhuglerod, Yaroslavl Technical Carbon Plant, Nizhnekamsk-Tekhuglerod, Volgograd Technical Carbon Plant and Sosnogorsk Gas Processing Plant, part of Severgazprom.

According to the Vedomosti newspaper, the lawsuit against Russian and Egyptian exporters was filed on November 9 by the European Chemical Industry Council at the request of the world's largest carbon black producers - Columbian Chemicals, Degussa and Cabot. The European Commission made the decision to launch an investigation on December 21, and all Russian manufacturers, even the Barnaul plant, which stopped producing this chemical product several years ago, received notifications by mail.

Russian carbon black production enterprises were simply shocked - they had never before had to deal with the protective measures of Western producers. According to the Russian representation at the European Commission, the statement of Western manufacturers does not indicate the amount of damage. Russian carbon producers are accused of selling carbon black in Europe at more than low prices than those at which they supply it to the domestic market. Depending on the brand of soot, prices in Western Europe for carbon black range from $300 to $1,000 per ton. The selling price in Russia is on average 10,500 rubles. per ton excluding VAT.

According to the director of production and sales of Yaroslavl OJSC Tekhuglerod Nikolai Orlov (brother general director), our chemists did not give reasons for establishing barriers to the export of Yaroslavl soot to Europe. The plant's selling price for carbon black, depending on the grade, averages $300 per ton, or about 9 thousand rubles.

“We sell the goods directly at the factory,” noted Nikolai Yuryevich. – This amount does not include transport and customs costs, which are borne by product resellers, so that carbon black reaches Western consumers at prices comparable to the prices of our competitors, who raised the issue of dumping. The plant almost never exports its products directly, since European consumers do not want to deal with either transportation or customs clearance themselves. We believe that the European Commission will look into this and draw the right conclusions. And if not, we will focus on growing demand within the country.

According to analysts, Russian carbon producers may also suffer due to the downturn in the global economy. Recently, Ford announced the closure of five plants around the world. This will inevitably affect the volume of tire production and the demand for raw materials for them, and carbon black in the tire, after rubber, is the second ingredient. Russia is now firmly integrated into world economy, and the optimism of the leaders of Tekhuglerod OJSC is not entirely justified. Moreover, production volumes at the enterprise in Lately are growing rapidly.

A similar process of more complete utilization of capacity and growth of soot production is observed at Nizhnekamsktekhuglerod. By 2003, the volume here is expected to increase to 85 thousand tons. True, Tatar chemists do not pretend to be exporters of carbon black, supplying it mainly to enterprises that are part of the Tatneft holding.

But Omsktekhuglerod is the main rival of the Yaroslavl team in foreign market soot - sold exactly the same amount to European countries in 2000 - 62.8 thousand tons. In general, the share of Russian carbon black exports in the world economy is about 7 percent. Therefore, it will not be difficult for Western competitors to squeeze our producers out of foreign markets, and they will achieve this by any means, including such a powerful element of pressure as the European Economic Community.