An original system of artistic writing developed in Polkhovsky Maidan relatively recently, from the beginning of the 30s, when dyers - as the craftswomen who paint the turning shape of products are called here - began to use aniline paints. The colors chosen are bright - scarlet, yellow, blue, violet, and black ink is also used. The painting is dominated by pure, local tones. Mixing yellow with blue produces a rich green color, while scarlet and yellow produce red.

The skillful use of glazing techniques (overlaying one transparent color layer on top of another) gives the painting a special charm and completeness. This technique is especially clearly visible in the most famous and original painting - flowers with guidance. The product is pre-primed several times with white starch so that the paint “does not stick to the wood.” Liquid diluted paints applied to the white surface of the primer sound especially intense: the white primer, shining through the paint layer, seems to illuminate them. Very often, Maidan residents use an overlay on the color yellow. It is this color, covering the entire product, that serves as a kind of background—a field, as the craftswomen say. Complementary colors - blue and orange, yellow and violet, red and green, opposed to each other along the spectral circle, create the greatest color contrast, which the Maidan dyers exploit to the fullest, having arrived at the law empirically in the process of their artistic practice. A bright red-yellow or red-pink flower, as if glowing from within, is placed on leaves sparkling with bright greenery. The shores turn from green or red to bright yellow to come into close contact with the blue surface of the water.

The application of other colors across the field is carried out in uneven, free strokes. In the illustration, this technique is seen performed by a flower and a bird. Scarlet paint, applied in uneven strokes, creates the impression of a shining corolla of petals that shimmer from scarlet to yellow in the center of the flower. The apple is written in bright red near the leaves and yellow on the top of the head.

IN last years In the painting of the Polkhovsky Maidan, an increasing place is occupied by the techniques of quick painting with a brush, without preliminary drawing - the so-called variegation. The coloring of Maidan products, the special style of folk writing, which is being created literally before our eyes over the past decades, attract many art historians who seek to determine the artistic and historical value of this source of folk art.

People have always associated the idea of ​​a holiday with bright colors. Only after carefully looking at the Maidan painting do you realize with surprise that there are not so many colors: red, blue, yellow and also inky purple, and the rest of the colors were obtained by mixing the original colors. Whether by chance or on purpose, all colors are connected; selected in such a way that they enhance each other’s brightness. If green is placed next to red, then each will sound even brighter. Blue and yellow also shine nearby. Sometimes it seems as if the colors glow from within, like stained glass.

The bright colors reveal the attitude of the village painters, the simple-minded admiration of the village painters, the simple-minded admiration for life. Everything in the picture is simple and beautiful - the house is yellow, the roof is red, the grass is green, the river is blue.

Modern Polkhov-Maidan painting is unusually bright, clean, spontaneous, and in some ways close to children’s drawings and children’s perception. Maidan images do not copy real ones. They create their own special world. And it is not the form, but the soul of this special world that the masters try to convey.

Life changes a lot, especially in our turbulent times. But despite everything, people still buy products from Maidan craftsmen. They decorate apartments and kitchens; various bulk products; toys and whistles still cause genuine delight not only among children, but also among adults. Polkhov-Maidan painting is a living branch on the mighty trunk of Russian folk art, which continues to grow and delight us.

Turning products of the masters of this craft - nesting dolls, Easter eggs, mushrooms, salt shakers, cups. Among the pictorial motifs, the most common are flowers, birds, animals, rural and urban landscapes. Features of painting from the mid-19th century. In the village of Polkhovsky Maidan they began to produce unpainted turned wooden utensils, which were sold at fairs. Soon the burning began to be painted with oil paints, and in the mid-1930s. aniline dyes diluted in alcohol. Gradually, the burnt outline of the design is replaced by more economical and easy-to-perform inking.

In 1928-1930 In Polkhovsky Maidan, the “Red Dawn” artel is formed from individual craftsmen. At the same time, an original artistic and decorative system was developed and the main specific techniques of local painting were identified. These techniques have received established local names: “flowers with guidance” - flower painting is outlined with a clear black outline; ""flowers without guidance"" - the drawing is drawn on the background without a linear outline; "Oil-like" technique - painting with oil or nitro paints on a dull colored background, "mottled" - simple brush painting with strokes or dots.

In 1960, the artel was transformed into the Polkhov-Maidan Toy Factory. At the same time, the production of similar turned painted objects began in the village of Krutets, located a few kilometers from Polkhovsky Maidan. Using experience, turning forms and painting techniques from their neighbors, Krutets masters make minor changes. For example, their nesting dolls are more rounded in shape, and in the painting of tableware, preference is given to plot motifs.

In 1972, in the regional center of Voznesenskoye, on the basis of a toy factory, the production and artistic association “Polkhov-Maidan Painting” was created, where professionally trained artists work. Men are engaged in the production of turning “linen”, and women do painting. The products produced by the association are more souvenir in nature, their painting is more monotonous, and the design is less free than in the works of artisans. The orientation of the Polkhov-Maidan and Krutets craftsmen to the market required constant updating of forms and techniques for decorating products. Since the early 1980s. Floral painting on a background burnt with a blowtorch is beginning to be widely used. Contemporary events find a lively response in the subjects and themes of the painting. Today, this unique craft continues to develop according to the natural laws of folk art.

Nowadays, various programs have been created.

Program by Shpikalova T.Ya. 2nd grade. "Folk ornament of Russia".

Polkhov - Maidan toy: repetition of the main distinctive elements - a large “rose” flower, a leaf, berries and apples on a branch (linear ornament - border); variations of the main elements of painting: “let’s decorate a toy figurine of a horse”; improvisation based on Polkhov - Maidan painting: "fairytale branch.

Cousin program 2nd grade.

Acquaintance with the types of folk decorative and applied arts: artistic painting on wood "Polkhov - Maidan", "Gorodets" and on porcelain "Gzhel", folk embroidery. Introduction to Russian clay toy. For development children's creativity in sketches, patterns in stripes, squares, rectangles, and elements of a decorative plot composition are used to decorate the simplest objects. Formation of the simplest skills to use the line of symmetry and rhythm in decorative work. Elementary hand painting tutorials.

Turning products of the masters of this craft - nesting dolls, Easter eggs, mushrooms, salt shakers, cups, supplies - are generously decorated with rich ornamental and plot painting. Among the pictorial motifs, the most common are flowers, birds, animals, rural and urban landscapes.

Polkhov - Maidan painting is much younger than Khokhloma and Gorodets - its features developed in the 20s of the twentieth century. The main subjects of the patterns are images of birds, animals, rural landscapes, architectural monuments.

Before painting, the surface of the product is usually sanded and primed with starch paste. Then, using black ink with a student's pen and a nib N 11-13, which makes a line of varying thickness depending on the pressure, a clear outline of the drawing is drawn. You can paint the product directly with brushes, freely, without first applying a design.

Polkhov - Maidan painting is performed only with aniline paints diluted with hot water at a temperature of 70 - 80 * C (6 - 8 g of paint per 1 liter of water). To enhance the brightness of the colors, you can add a few drops of alcohol to the solution. The paints are applied in a certain order: first, for example, yellow, it is covered with scarlet and you get a bright red color, but if you cover it with blue, you get a bright green color. The painted products are dried for 8-12 hours at room temperature, then varnished twice with PA - 231 or PA - 283 varnish with intermediate and final drying for 10-12 hours.

The order of work of Polkhov-Maidan craftsmen on decorating products.

stage - Wooden “linen” - a blank made of wood (linden), turned on a lathe.

stage - Primer - the product is coated with starch primer on top, and it becomes white.

stage - Applying the outline - using a thin brush or feather, apply the outline of the pattern over the entire surface of the product.

stage - Painting - filling the outline of the pattern with color.

Process stages from preparation of linen to final finishing of the product

Wooden painted products

Blank wooden products for painting (linen)

Selecting linen for painting on a flat surface

Grinding (cleaning) the workpiece surface

Cleaned cutting board

Padding

Drawing a pencil drawing

Product painting

Performing animation

Varnishing

View finished product

Selecting linen for painting on a round surface

Sanding the surface of the box

Polished box

Priming the box

Drawing a pencil drawing on a box

Painting the box

Performing animation

Varnishing the box

Type of finished product

Larisa Shchegoleva

Target: Decorative design nesting dolls using traditional elements Polkhov-Maidan painting.

Tasks: - Introduction to the traditional technique Polkhov-Maidan painting -"tip" (drawings outlined in black);

Develop creative imagination, imagination, interest in folk crafts;

Fill most of it with the pattern.

Progress of the lesson.

1. Introductory part.

The Nizhny Novgorod region is rich masters: she is famous for Khokhloma painted, Gorodetskaya, Semenovskie nesting dolls are known all over the world.

In the village Polkhovsky Maidan in the south of the Nizhny Novgorod region another species originated murals, from the name of the village it was named so « Polkhov - Maidan» .

There were a lot of forests around, and the winter evenings were long, and the family whiled away the time making dishes (plates, spoons, salt shakers, sugar bowls, boxes, boxes and toys - tararushki (nesting dolls, triples and horses - singles, whistles) from linden wood and aspen: men carved, and women and children "revived"- painted. Then these products were sold at the fair and, for the peasant family, this was additional income.

The drawings on the dishes and toys were bright, beautiful, lifted the mood and created a festive atmosphere. This is about them talked: “It doesn’t break, it doesn’t break, and whoever buys it is surprised”.

2. Main part.

I suggest trying yourself as a master - Polkhov - Maidan painting.

What makes this one stand out? painting: The coloring is dominated by yellow, red, green and blue. The drawing has a clear black outline. Flowers depicted as rule: rose, poppy, rosehip, dahlia; They are large and bright, already in bloom or in the bud stage.

So, let's get started, let's write it down matryoshka.

1. Prepare kennels nesting dolls, in a cape falling over her shoulders, instead of a sundress she is wearing an oval apron.

2. Draw a drawing with a simple pencil (masters draw it with ink).

3. If the background is white, paint the picture yellow (color superimposed on yellow background).

4. Paint the flowers with red strokes and the leaves with green (leave yellow spaces).

5. While the drawing itself is drying, draw the face (hair, eyes, nose, mouth and cheeks, paint the scarf - cape and lower part nesting dolls.

6. Outline the drawing with a black outline ( "tip").

Our the matryoshka is ready.

3. Reflexive - evaluative.

Looking at the drawings.

We discuss what we liked, what caused difficulties, we remember what they call "tip".

Publications on the topic:

“We are funny nesting dolls.” Lesson notes for the cycle “Acquaintance with folk crafts” (second junior group)“We are cheerful nesting dolls” LESSON SUMMARY WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE CYCLE “GET TO KNOW FOLK CRAFTS” (second junior group). Purpose To introduce the most.

Educator: Chetvertnova E.M. Age group: senior group. Form of joint activity: Artistic and aesthetic. Integration.

During the week of “Games and Toys” we got acquainted with the folk toy Matryoshka. The children enjoyed playing, assembling and disassembling the nesting doll. So.

Summary of a game lesson on the formation of table etiquette for children 3–4 years old “Matryoshka’s Birthday” (junior group)"Matryoshka's Birthday" Program content: - teach children step-by-step table setting; - develop accuracy skills; - to educate caring people.

"Sundress for matryoshka." Summary of a drawing lesson, second junior group Summary of the drawing lesson “Sundress for a nesting doll” Teacher: Zaichenko E. N. For children, second junior group Purpose of the lesson: acquaintance.

Municipal preschool educational institution

"nursery-garden No. 395 of the city of Donetsk"

Summary of the integrated final lesson

in the senior speech therapy group for the study folk painting and different drawing techniques

“Acquaintance with Polkhov-Maidan painting”

Prepared by teacher: Mikhalchuk Oksana Leonidovna

Donetsk-2018

Program content :

Educational :

Introduce children to the painting of Polkhov-Maidan;

Learn to draw elements of Polkhov - Maidan painting - rose hips with leaves and berries.

Developmental :

To develop in children aesthetic perception, the ability to highlight the specifics of painting: color structure, rhythm and characteristic elements;

Strengthen the ability to paint with gouache paints.

Educational :

Cultivate interest in folk decorative and applied arts.

Create a desire to master the skills of drawing Polkhov-Maidai patterns.

Previous work :

Introducing children to Gzhel, Dymkovo, Gorodets paintings;

Examination of pictures depicting various objects of decorative and applied art;

Reading works fiction about the products of folk craftsmen;

- didactic games : "Continue the pattern", "Trace the pattern" and etc.

Vocabulary work : Polkhov – Maidan.

Material : multi media pictures depicting Polkhov - Maidan products, a view of the village, ; cut-out pictures depicting Dymkovo, Filimonov, Gorodets items of decorative and applied art; package tape recorder; disc with recordings of melodies; magnetic board; samples of painted barrels; paper silhouette of a barrel; gouache paints (red, blue, green); squirrel brushes No. 1, cotton swabs; glasses - double sippy cups; stands for brushes; napkins; wet wipes; Fairy Brush.

Methodical techniques : reading proverbs about masters and craftsmanship; looking at illustrations of Dymkovo toys, Filimonov toys, Gorodets products, Polkhov-Maidan products; the teacher’s story about the history of the Polkhov-Maidan painting; examination of the sample; demonstration of drawing with explanation by the teacher; entering into the image of masters; drawing elements of painting with a finger in the air.

Move directly educational activities.

Children to a folk melody (Russian round dance of the composer

V. Malysheva) enter the group and stand in a circle.

Greetings:

Invented by someone simply and wisely
When meeting, say hello and talk
And everyone becomes kind and trusting
Let Good morning lasts until the evening!

Educator : Guys, listen proverb:

“The bird is red in feathers, but the man is clever”.

Guys, how do you understand this proverb?

Children : answers.

Educator : That's right, a bird is beautiful with its feathers, and a man is famous for what he is good at doing, what he is good at

Educator: Guys, what do you like to do in kindergarten?

Children: sculpt, draw, play, make appliques...

Educator: What types of drawing do you know (with fingers, palms, cotton swabs, spray with a toothbrush, semolina, sand, imprint, monotype, on wet paper, blotography)

Guys, how many of you know proverbs and sayings about masters and skill?

Children : “A craftsman and craftsman brings joy to himself and others”.

.

Educator: What wonderful sayings, but how do you understand them?

Children: children's answers.

Educator: Please count how many words there are in the saying « Good job lives for two centuries".

Children: count and answer (5 words)

Educator: Well done. coped with the task correctly!

Our group received a package from craftsmen with a task for you: you need to assemble folk crafts from parts. (Three types of painting are offered: Gzhelevskaya, Dymkovskaya, Gorodetskaya).

Children: Collect pictures - puzzles.

Educator: We are already familiar with some types of folk crafts. Can you guess which craftsmen sent their products?

Children: answers (Filimonovsky, Dymkovo and Gorodets masterspainted the products) .

Educator : Well done boys.

What is the difference between Dymkovo painting, Filimonovskaya painting and Gorodets painting?

Children: answers Dymkovskaya painting– circles, squares, wavy lines on a white background,

Gzhelevskayapainting– blue flowers on a white background. Gorodetskaya painting- roses, buds, leaves, horses, birds).

Educator: You are very smart, now sit down comfortably. I hear some strange sound (the Fairy Brush doll appears in a Russian folk sundress)

Guys, our guest is the fairytale fairy Brush.

Fairy Tassel : Hello guys! I learned that you know a lot about folk craftsmen and I want to invite you on a fabulous journey to a wonderful place where miracle craftsmen live.

Use of ICT:

Queen Tassel : Hello guys! I learned that you know a lot about folk craftsmen and I want to invite you on a fabulous journey to a wonderful place where miracle craftsmen live.

Slide No. 2:

In Russia, on the Polkhov River there is a huge village called Polkhov-Maidan. The houses there are wooden, and almost every family engages in folk crafts in home workshops. . It is surrounded on all sides by forests. And there are many linden trees growing in these forests, local craftsmen began to make aspens from these trees dishes: spoons, bowls, children's toys.

Slide No. 3

For a long time, their production was established on lathes and painted in handmade toys“tararushki” was the affectionate name given to wooden toys in the distant past; this name has survived to this day.

Slide No. 4

In the old days, Dymkovo, Gorodetsky, Gzhel craftsmen from all over the area came to the fair with their products and sold them with the jokes “It doesn’t break, doesn’t break, and whoever buys is surprised!”

Slide No. 5

Queen Tassel draws attention to handicrafts: painted toys, whistles, balalaikas, mushroom-shaped glassware, sugar bowl, tablet, samovar,).

Slide No. 6

Many years have passed since then, but fishing in the village is still thriving. Craftsmen produce dishes and children's toys on lathes, but before they start making the product, the wood is dried outside for a whole year in frost, heat and rain. Then the blanks are turned on lathes. “The wooden block spun like a top. Wood shavings flow from under your hands and you get toys.”

Slide No. 7

The blanks were brought into the house in large wicker baskets and covered with a brush three times with a paste made from potato starch so that the paint would lay evenly and smoothly.

Slide No. 8,9

And women and girls - craftswomen - use feathers, brushes and paints to paint them. large pink-crimson flowers and rosehip buds on prickly stems with green leaves, blueberries, apples.

Slide No. 10

Let's consider the main elements of painting:

Flowers: rose, poppy, chamomile, tulip.

Berries: rose hips, blueberries.

Leaves: large, small, prickly rosehip branches.

Landscapes: houses, river, church, mill.

Look at what beautiful objects the craftsmen create, how brightly the piggy bank and sugar bowl are painted. Artists painted their products with scenes from the surrounding nature.

We'll rest a little and soon we'll start drawing..

Physical education minute. Children perform movements in accordance with the text.

One, two - the flower is sleeping.

Three - opened a petal.

Four - woke up

Together we reached out to the sun.

Tell me guys, what colors of paint do the Polkhov-Maidan masters use in their work?

Children: red, yellow, green, blue, purple.

Educator: But the craftswomen only had three colors: yellow, blue, red, how can they make such different colors?

Children: artists mix colors

Educator: How can you make orange, green and purple dyes?

Children: answers

Educator: Guys, do you want to become skilled handicraftsmen and give people joy?

Look what mushrooms the fairy Brush gave us, what elements of painting do you see?

Children: rose hip flower, blueberries, leaves, stems, stripes.

Educator: I suggest you paint a capillary mushroom, and I’ll tell you how to do the job correctly and beautifully.

We start painting from the top of the mushroom.

Take a brush and red paint. Separate the upper part of the cap with an arc and paint over it.

Draw the bottom of the cap with a thin red line.

Using a cotton swab, draw blueberries with blue paint, first in the center, then on the left and right.

Under each berry, draw two leaves using the entire plane of the brush.

Let's move on to the stem of the mushroom. - Using a cotton swab, draw an oval rosehip berry on the left and put an oval dot at the top.

To the right of the rosehip, draw three blue blueberries with a cotton swab, one above and two below.

Using a brush with green paint, draw the stems connecting them to each other at the bottom.

We decorate the branches with two large leaves, draw an outline and paint them with green paint.

Using a brush, draw a red line on the bottom of the mushroom.

Educator: Fairy Brush turns you into master artists.

Now I'm rotating the brush.

I turn you into master artists!

Come into the workshop, put on your aprons and let's create miracles!

Finger gymnastics:

Friends in our group

Girls and boys,

We'll make friends with you

Little fingers

One two three four five

Let's start drawing!

Children doing work...

Educator: Let's finish the job. Fairy and I are very interested in what you did? And now the young masters take their mushrooms and put them on the table in the workshop.

Fairy: What beautiful mushrooms you got!

What painting elements did you use? (berries, leaves, twigs, strips)

You guys are great! It's time for you to turn into ordinary children.

I'll turn the brush

I'll turn you into children again!

Educator: Guys, tell me what painting did the Fairy Brush introduce you to? (Polkhov-Maidanskaya)

Did you enjoy being masters?

And in conclusion, I would like to say that it is probably very nice to have a wooden toy at home. And then there will always be a good mood in your soul!

Fairy: And I have prepared a gift for your group, toys from the Polkhov-Maidan masters and an album with images of paintings.

Educator: Thank you Fairy, we were glad to see you as a guest, come to us again!

All painting is done along a contour clearly outlined in ink. The outline of the drawing is drawn with a school pen with a steel nib No. 11, 12, 13, which gives a line of different thickness depending on the pressure. To paint the background for painting, large squirrel brushes are used in the industry; for painting, small brushes No. 2-6 with a well-shaped tip, which will allow strokes with smooth edges, are used. The paint is applied in one step; you cannot brush over the same place twice.

When working with aniline dyes - both powders and solutions - it is necessary to protect clothes and hands, as the paint leaves bright colored stains that are difficult to remove.

Half the Maidan craftswomen work sitting on low benches behind low stands, just like in the Khokhloma craft. Aniline dyes used in painting are diluted in hot water at a temperature of 70-80C at the rate of 6-8 g of dye per liter of water. To increase the brightness of the paints, add a few drops of alcohol to the solution. You can paint with more light-resistant dyes of 6-10% concentration, diluted in water at a temperature of 60-80 C: active - bright yellow 53, bright red 5СХ, bright purple , as well as acidic ones - red 2Zh, green Zh, bright blue, violet C. Their color corresponds to the traditional color scheme of the craft.

Before painting, the surface of the product is carefully sanded and primed with starch paste so that water-soluble paints do not spread. The paste is applied to the surface using a swab or sponge. The product is primed in three passes: the first time with a more concentrated solution of sour cream density, followed by drying for 15-16 hours, the second and third time with a thinner solution and dry each layer for 4 hours at room temperature.

During the painting process, the product must be held by the pallet, since all fingerprints left on the primed surface will appear under the paint.

The outline of the ornament is applied freely in a proven sequence. There are no templates for painting. In the composition “Houses”, first the outline of the house is drawn, next to it is the trunk and branches of trees, the banks of the river with silhouettes of birds and a boat. Then the craftswoman takes paints, and the river turns blue, its banks are green, the tree is covered with green-blue foliage and yellow-red fruits, and the sun lights up above the house.

There is a certain order in applying aniline paints to the surface to be painted: first, yellow paint is applied to the desired areas, including those that should be red or green, then, covering it with scarlet, a bright red color is obtained, and laying blue on top of the yellow , get bright green.

In flower painting, first the outline of a large flower is applied - the center of the composition, then the stems and branches of branches slightly inclined towards them with small flowers, buds, leaves and berries. On the lid there is a composition with a rose and a flowering twig curved in a circle.

Painted items are dried for 8-12 hours at room temperature and varnished twice with pentaphthalic varnish PF-231 or PF-283. Add a little solvent to the varnish - for example, purified turpentine will do. The varnish can be applied with a brush or spray gun. After varnishing, the product dries at room temperature in a room where there are no drafts or dust. After the first varnishing, drying lasts 15 hours, after the second - a day.

In the home-based workshops of the Polkhovsky Maidan, in addition to the graphic painting “flowers with guidance”, there is a non-contour painting. All the elements here are made with ray-like strokes: converging towards the center - the core applied with a poke, they form a flower similar to a cornflower, and coming from the stem and closing into a circle - an apple. The pinnate leaves are also composed of a series of strokes extending from the stem. The compositions of this painting are very different, sometimes with large gaps in the background and light ornamentation, sometimes with a pattern densely filling the surface.

They paint without contours with aniline and synthetic water-soluble paints. But sometimes, berries and simple flowers made with a poke are additionally applied to the varnish surface with some light oil or nitro paint. This type of painting is called “oil-look” or “nitro-look”.

In addition, there is another way to decorate the surface of products - “variegation”. This is the development of backgrounds and motifs with various textured cuts.

Not all innovations produce positive results; they often lead to an undesirable disruption of the color of the painting and the depersonalization of even fundamentally interesting works.

Tikhomirova Yulia
Lesson summary “Polkhov-Maidan painting”

Abstract direct educational activities in fine art in preparatory group MDOU "D/c Russian girl".

Subject: strip decoration Polkhov-Maidan painting.

Target: introduce children to painted Polkhov - Maidan.

Program content:

Educational:

Learn to draw elements Polkhov-Maidan painting– a twig with leaves and berries;

Strengthen the ability to paint with gouache paints.

Developmental:

To develop children’s aesthetic perception, the ability to highlight specifics murals: color structure, rhythm and characteristic elements;

Develop children's imagination and visual memory;

Educational:

Cultivate interest in folk decorative and applied arts.

Cultivate accuracy and independence in your work.

Previous work:

Introducing children to Filimonovskaya, Dymkovskaya, Gorodets murals;

Examination of pictures depicting various objects of decorative and applied art;

Reading works of fiction about the products of folk craftsmen;

- didactic games: "Continue the pattern", "Trace the pattern" and etc.

Vocabulary work: Polkhov – Maidan.

Material: pictures with images Polkhov– Maidan products; pictures depicting Dymkovo, Filimonov, Gorodets items of decorative and applied art; record player; disc with recordings of melodies; magnetic board; samples of painted barrels; paper silhouette of a barrel; gouache paints (red, black, green, purple); squirrel brushes No. 1 and No. 3; glasses - double sippy cups; stands for brushes; napkins; wet wipes.

Methodical techniques: reading proverbs about masters and skill; examination of illustrations depicting Dymkovo toys, Filimonov toys, Gorodets products, products Polkhov – Maidan; teacher's story about the history of the origin Polkhov – Maidan painting; examination of the sample; demonstration of drawing with explanation by the teacher; entering into the image of masters; drawing elements finger painting in the air.

The course of direct educational activities.

IN: Guys, listen proverb: “The bird is red in feathers, but the man is clever”. Let us look at the bird. She flew to us from a distant country. What bird? (children describe the bird, the teacher draws the children’s attention to its wings, tail, body) How are they decorated?

Guys, now think and tell me how you understand this proverb?

D: answers.

IN: That's right, a bird is beautiful with its feathers, and a man is famous for what he knows how to do well, what he is a master of.

(the teacher draws the children’s attention to the magnetic board on which illustrations depicting Filimonov, Dymkovo and Gorodets products are placed)

IN: We are already familiar with some types of folk crafts. Who knows what types murals depicted on the products?

D: answers (Filimonovskaya, Dymkovskaya and Gorodetskaya painting) .

IN: Well done boys. What is the difference between Dymkovskaya murals, Filimonovskaya painting and Gorodets painting?

D: answers (Dymkovskaya painting– circles, squares, wavy lines on a white background, Filimonovskaya painting– many colorful stripes, Gorodetskaya painting - roses, baths, buds, leaves).

IN: Well done boys. Today I will introduce you to a new species paintings – Polkhov – Maidanskaya.

(children sit on chairs near a magnetic board where photographs depicting Polkhov-Maidan products) .

The teacher begins his story.

IN: In Russia, in the Nizhny Novgorod region, we have a huge village - Polkhov-Maidan. It is surrounded on all sides by forests. And in these forests there are many trees - lindens. A long time ago, local craftsmen began to make from these trees dishes: spoons, bowls. One day, one master got tired of selling white dishes at a fair. And then someone came up with the idea of ​​decorating dishes with patterns. And so it appeared Polkhov – Maidan painting.

Many years have passed since then. The craftsmen stopped making wooden utensils and began to toys: horses, whistles, piggy bank mushrooms, nesting dolls. And they are called funny toys-crackers. And women and girls - craftswomen - use feathers, brushes and paints to paint them. Large pink-crimson flowers and rosehip buds appear on prickly stems with green leaves, berries, and apples. Cockroach toys are sold at a fair with jokes:

“It doesn’t break, it doesn’t break, and whoever buys it is surprised”.

“The wooden block spun like a top. Wood shavings flow from under your hands and you get toys.”

(the teacher draws attention to the products).

IN: Look at the beautiful objects craftsmen create Polkhov-Maidana. The toys are so brightly painted. Flowers, berries and apples grow here on one branch. This doesn’t happen in real life, but the artists themselves came up with such decorative – magical flowers.

IN: What colors do artists use in their work? Polkhov-Maidana?

D: answers (black, blue, yellow, red, green, purple).

IN: Correct - blue, green, red, purple, yellow, black

IN: The bird brought something to us, let's see? These are yellow stripes. The bird asks us to decorate them painted Polkhov-Maidan, and after finishing our classes she will take them with her to a magical land. Let's look at the branch with berries that we will draw today.

IN: How are the leaves located on the branch?

D: answers (up and down).

IN: What color is the leaf? What shape?

D: answers (green, oval).

IN: What shape is the berry? What colour?

D: answers (round, red, purple).

IN: Now I will show you how to draw a twig with leaves and berries.

I’ll take the thinnest brush, pick up some black paint and paint a twig. To make the branch thin, I draw with the tip. The magic branch bends all the time. It goes up and then goes down. Like this. It turns out like this wavy line. Like this. I rinse the brush and start painting the leaves. I take a thicker brush. I will draw leaves on both sides of the branch. First two large ones, then two small ones, two large ones and two small ones, and so on until the end. I rinse the brush and paint round berries. Let's try to draw a twig, leaves, berries in the air with our finger.

Physical education minute. (Children perform movements in accordance with the text.)

One, two - the flower is sleeping. Three - opened a petal.

Four - we woke up, together we reached out to the sun.

IN: Guys, you want to become masters.

Close your eyes and imagine that you are a master Polkhov – Maidan. 1, 2, turn around yourself. Let's open our eyes, now you are masters and craftswomen.

Now go to the tables, let's create miracles (installation for correct fit).

Independent activity of children. (Quiet classical music plays; while working, I help you master drawing techniques).

IN: Let's finish work. I'm very interested in what you did? And now the young masters take their works and put them on the table in the workshop. (A table decorated with a tablecloth is set up in advance)

IN: Who wants to talk about their work? (the work is displayed on an easel).

IN: What beautiful barrels we made.

IN: And what elements were used in strip painting?

IN: You and I were masters, and now it’s time for us to turn into ordinary children.

1, 2, 3 – close your eyes and turn around yourself. We open our eyes, now you are children.

IN: Guys, tell me which one? painted did you meet today?

D: Polkhov – Maidanskaya.

Educator: You liked being craftsmen and craftswomen Polkhov-Maidan painting?

D: answers

IN: In conclusion, I would like to say that you did a great job today. I think we will continue to get to know each other painted Polkhov - Maidan. Our bird also thanks you for beautiful drawings and she will take them with her.