Tank destroyer "Javelin"

In the West, they have succeeded in creating high-precision shock systems. Indeed, winged "Tomahawks" launched, for example, from warships somewhere in the Mediterranean or the Indian Ocean, flying thousands of kilometers, find their targets in Afghanistan, the Balkans, Iraq and hit the target with an accuracy of up to a meter. Throughout the flight, they are guided by "smart" electronics of the guidance head, which keeps in constant contact with the AWACS long-range radar patrol aircraft and satellite constellations. Such a missile cannot miss. And its blow is crushing for the enemy.

Once upon a time, infantry on the battlefield suffered heavy losses from being hit by shrapnel shells. Then the infantry began to actively maneuver, took cover behind the armor, and the effectiveness of the shrapnel dropped sharply. But now there is a reincarnation of old ammunition.

In shells stuffed with fragments and arrows are inserted electronic devices, carrying out undermining not just above the trench, but precisely in the place where the unprotected manpower is currently concentrated. And the Javelin anti-tank guided missile, flying up to the target, makes a maneuver, as a result of which the blow falls not just on the tank, but on the turret hatch cover.

It would seem that there is no salvation. But, as our defensemen say, for any tricky contraption we have ... well, in general, a worthy answer.

Caution: "Mercury"

Imagine the picture: in the sky - a combat Ka-52, from the ground, the Igla or Stinger MANPADS hit the helicopter. Defeat of the target seems to be inevitable, but when approaching, the rocket suddenly changes direction abruptly and goes to the side. The reason is that a system is installed on board the helicopter, which forms a kind of impenetrable dome around it, which enemy means of attack cannot overcome. The name of this system is "Vitebsk".

No less amazing is the "Rychag" complex, also installed on board helicopters. He is able to "blind" the enemy at a distance of hundreds of kilometers, creating an invisible shield around our equipment on the ground.

And here is another means of protection, until recently, strictly classified. This is the Rtut-BM electronic warfare complex. The last two letters mean that it is placed on a combat vehicle. It can be a car, an armored personnel carrier or a widely used MTLB armored artillery tractor.

The essence of protection is as follows. The vehicle with the "Mercury" complex is installed in the place where an enemy artillery and missile strike is likely. The front line of defense is covered by a kind of cloud of electronic radiation. There is another subtlety. If the electronic warfare systems are turned on, then they themselves unmask the covered positions with their radiation. But "Mercury" turns on at the time of the artillery attack for milliseconds. The electronics of the domestic, by the way, development system almost instantly determines the operating frequency of an enemy radio fuse.

Interference emitted for fractions of a second, however, creates a signal that provides such an effect on the radio fuse that it works ahead of time. The same "Javelin", the cost of which is 30 thousand dollars, once in the zone of action of "Mercury", loses all its "mind" and flies along an uncontrollable trajectory - where the curve will take it. The enemy's radio monitoring systems simply do not have time to "grab" and somehow fend off the work of "Mercury". In addition, the complex is mobile and changes its position very quickly. And it takes no more than 10 minutes to deploy it. During operation, one Rtut-BM electronic warfare vehicle can protect troops on an area from 20 to 50 hectares. One car is served by only two people.

According to the Radioelectronic Technologies Concern, where these complexes are developed and produced, the need of the Russian armed forces for "Rtut-BM" is estimated at 100 vehicles.

"Autobase" on guard

It can be argued that everything is smooth on paper. But when it comes to real use ... So, domestic electronic warfare systems have been noted at least twice over the past year.

On March 13, 2014, an American-made MQ-5B reconnaissance and strike drone was intercepted in the sky over Perekop. Judging by the on-board markings, he was part of the 66th American military intelligence brigade with the main location in Bavaria.

In March 2014, American scouts from this brigade were spotted near Ukrainian Kirovohrad. It was from there, according to experts, that drones began to carry out reconnaissance raids towards Crimea.

On March 13, an electronic warfare system with a meaningless name "Avtobaza" severed the connection between the drone and its operator, and then forced the drone to make an emergency landing on the territory of Crimea. After that, MQ-5B flights over the peninsula ceased. It is believed that even earlier, in 2011, an American secret RQ-170 Sentinel drone was successfully landed in Iran with the help of the same Avtobaza.

In the spring of 2014, the American destroyer Donald Cook entered the Black Sea. A Su-24 flew past it, on board of which the Khibiny electronic warfare complex was operating. And on the destroyer, the entire control system failed, including the Aegis anti-missile system that went blind and deaf. The crew was confused: the sailors did not understand how to continue to control the ship and what to do when all the monitors went out. There was a panic on board...

So, not every "Raptor" with "Tomahawks" at the ready will fly to Russia, colliding with "Avtobaza" or "Khibiny".

Meanwhile

Anti-aircraft missile systems S-500 will appear in 2017. The complexes, the development of which is in full swing, belong to a new generation missile systems"earth - air". The S-500 missile will have a range of 600 km. S-500 will reflect not only air raids, but also a strike ballistic missiles. One complex will be able to detect and simultaneously hit up to 10 ballistic targets flying at speeds up to 7 km / s, and even shoot down hypersonic aircraft.

In Russia, work has begun on the modernization and creation of new-generation electronic warfare systems that will replace the Krasukha-4 and Rtut-BM electronic warfare stations.

This was announced at the MAKS-2019 air show by the adviser to the first deputy CEO KRET JSC Vladimir Mikheev.

“The Krasukha-4 and Rtut-BM stations are actively operated and have shown themselves well, including in conflicts of varying intensity. Update and modernization mobile complexes ongoing, and new technologies allow reprogramming and improving specifications products,” he said.

According to him, tests of new electronic warfare systems have already begun and are being carried out in working mode.

The newly created motorized rifle formation of the Western Military District (ZVO), stationed in the Smolensk region, received the Rtut-BM electronic warfare (EW) complex.

The modern complex "Rtut-BM" on a caterpillar chassis is designed to protect manpower and equipment, cover areas of concentration of troops, mobile and stationary command posts from missiles, shells, mines and guided land mines equipped with radio fuses, on an area of ​​up to 50 hectares.

The complex will receive its first use during winter period training of units of the combined arms army of the Western Military District.

In total, this year the electronic warfare units deployed in the Voronezh, Bryansk, Belgorod and Nizhny Novgorod regions received about 10 new stations and hardware machines with an extended frequency range.

The formations and military units of the 1st Guards Tank Army of the Western Military District (ZVO), deployed in the Moscow region, received more than 10 of the latest electronic warfare systems (EW) "Borisoglebsk-2" and "Mercury-BM".

The Borisoglebsk-2 electronic warfare complex is designed to detect communication and control channels, radar stations the enemy and their suppression by jamming.

The Rtut-BM electronic warfare station counteracts enemy guided weapons, as well as ammunition equipped with radio fuses. Acting in automatic mode, it detects enemy ammunition, determines the carrier frequency of its radio fuse, and then jams the corresponding frequency and high power.

Concern "Radioelectronic Technologies" within the framework of the state defense order handed over to the Russian army advanced electronic warfare systems "Mercury-BM", "Lever-AV", the first deputy told TRC "Zvezda" at a press conference within the framework of the International military-technical forum "Army-2016" Director General of KRET Igor Nasenkov.

“I am proud to announce that on September 6, the solemn transfer of the new Rtut-BM and Rychag-AV complexes, created at KRET enterprises, to the Ministry of Defense took place. Russian Federation", - said Nasenkov.

He said that the multifunctional complex "Mercury-BM" is designed to protect manpower and equipment from single and salvo fire of artillery ammunition equipped with radio fuses.

More than 10 modern electronic warfare systems (EW) on wheeled and tracked chassis entered service with one of the formations of the Eastern Military District stationed in the Republic of Buryatia. These are the latest multifunctional electronic warfare systems SPR-2M "Rtut-BM" and "Borisoglebsk-2".

The combat vehicle "Mercury-BM" is designed to protect manpower and equipment, cover the areas of concentration of troops, individual stationary and mobile objects, etc.

Complex "Borisoglebsk-2" in comparison with its predecessors has an extended frequency range of radio reconnaissance and electronic countermeasures, increased scanning speed of the frequency range, more high precision location of the source of radio emission, increased throughput means of suppression.

• More than 10 EW complexes "Rtut-BM" and "Borisoglebsk-2" on caterpillar and wheeled chassis entered one of the formations of the Eastern District, stationed in Buryatia.

Production at JSC "Kazan Optical and Mechanical Plant" of self-propelled stations of a complex for jamming radio fuses of artillery ammunition 1L262 "Rtut-BM"

(SPR-2M) "The servicemen adopted the latest multifunctional electronic warfare systems SPR-2M "Rtut-BM" and the complexes" Borisoglebsk-2 ""

Pulse electromagnetic weapons, or the so-called. "jammers", is a real, already being tested type of weapons of the Russian army. The United States and Israel are also conducting successful developments in this area, but they have relied on the use of EMP systems to generate the kinetic energy of a warhead. In our country, we took the path of a direct damaging factor and created prototypes of several combat systems at once - for the ground forces, air force and navy. According to the specialists working on the project, the development of the technology has already passed the stage of field tests, but now work is underway on the bugs and an attempt to increase the power, accuracy and range of radiation. Today, our Alabuga, having exploded at an altitude of 200-300 meters, is able to turn off all electronic equipment within a radius of 3.5 km and leave a battalion / regiment-scale military unit without means of communication, control, fire guidance, while turning all available enemy equipment into pile of useless scrap metal. In fact, there are no options other than to surrender and give heavy weapons to the advancing units of the Russian army as trophies.

The other day, on the air of the NTV channel, for the first time, they publicly showed the latest combat vehicle SPR-2M "Mercury-BM", which is designed to reduce the impact of striking elements of artillery shells and explosive devices. According to the channel, one combat vehicle is capable of ensuring the security of troops on the territory of 50 hectares.

SPR-2M "Mercury-BM"- modern modernization of the SPR-2 radio fuse jamming station with the use of new equipment. The reliability of the system has been increased, as well as the functionality has been expanded. Added the function of suppression of radio communication lines on VHF frequencies.

Combat vehicle "Mercury-BM" is a means of electronic warfare and is designed to protect manpower and equipment from the fire of artillery ammunition of mass use, equipped with radio fuses, by creating interference with them in order to prematurely undermine them at a safe height or block them (transfer to strike action).

SPR-2M "Mercury-BM" It is used to cover first-echelon units, command posts, starting positions of launchers, areas of concentration of troops and military equipment in the areas of crossings, as well as to cover mobile objects.

Machine station SPR-2 / 1L29 "Mercury-B" in the stowed position

Machine station SPR-2 / 1L29 "Mercury-B" in combat position

Jamming is provided:
- timely detection of radiation from radio fuses and the creation of interference to it in a time of no more than 1.5-2 s;
- determination of the carrier frequency of radio fuses and the formation of a response interference to it with an error of no more than 200-300 Hz;
- the excess of the interference level above the threshold level during the time of signal accumulation in the integrating device of the radio fuse.

One of the main components of the station is a search receiver, which at first roughly and then accurately determines the carrier frequency of the radio fuse, followed by its reproduction while maintaining the phase characteristics of the received signal. In this case, the frequency measurement time does not exceed several tens of microseconds, and its reproduction time can reach several ms, which makes it possible to form a quasi-continuous interference. To increase the probability of suppression, the response interference is modulated by the Doppler frequency.

Station SPR-2M provides suppression of autodyne single-frequency radio fuses, including fuses with special anti-jamming channels. The station equipment works automatically, including in motion.

/Based on materials warfiles.com And militaryrussia.ru /

In November last year, the Concern "Radioelectronic Technologies" (KRET) reported on the implementation of the state defense order for electronic warfare vehicles (EW) 1L262 "Mercury-BM". Until the end of autumn, the concern built and handed over to the military 10 vehicles of the new model, which were soon distributed among the EW units of the armed forces. A few months later, in May 2014, in the Tambov region, the exercises of the electronic warfare troops were held, in which, apparently, the technique of the new model was used for the first time. In addition, during these exercises, one of the Rtut-BM vehicles appeared for the first time not in the official photo and video materials of the manufacturer.

On May 18, the NTV channel in the program “Today. Final issue "showed a report on the exercises of the electronic warfare troops, which demonstrated various models of equipment delivered to last years. Among other vehicles, the Rtut-BM electronic warfare vehicle hit the frame for the first time. The newest car, leaving behind a cloud of dust, drove past the camera several times in spectacular fashion. Such a demonstration was the first time that "Rtut-BM" fell into the lens of journalists and was shown to the general public not in official promotional materials. It should be noted that for some reason this report went almost unnoticed in May. About the first fact of the demonstration new technology on television they remembered only at the end of July.

It follows from last year's report by KRET that the number of Rtut-BM vehicles in the Russian armed forces is still small. It is known about the transfer of the first batch of ten cars. In addition, another prototype vehicle could have been transferred to the troops a year earlier, but there is no confirmation of this. Further mass production new technology will continue. Every year, the electronic warfare troops will receive several new vehicles. Probably, the pace of production will not exceed 10-12 cars per year.

Complex 1L262 "Rtut-BM" (alternative designation SPR-2M) is a self-propelled electronic warfare system on the tracked chassis MT-LBu. The main purpose of electronic equipment installed on a tracked vehicle is to counter enemy guided weapons, as well as ammunition equipped with radio fuses. "Mercury-BM" is further development complex 1L29 "Mercury-B", created in the eighties. The development of both machines of the family was carried out by the All-Russian Research Institute Gradient. According to available data, serial production of 1L262 machines is carried out by several enterprises: the MT-LBu base chassis is supplied by the Muromteplovoz plant (Murom), radio-electronic equipment is manufactured at NPO Kvant (Veliky Novgorod), and the final assembly is carried out by the Kazan Optical mechanical plant.

The main task of the 1L262 vehicles is to protect troops from enemy artillery fire using projectiles equipped with radio fuses. During operation, the equipment of the electronic warfare machine detects enemy ammunition, determines the carrier frequency of its radio fuse, and then jams the corresponding frequency and high power. As a result of such an impact, the radio fuse of an enemy projectile either detonates the ammunition at a relatively safe height, or is turned off and the projectile will be detonated using a contact fuse. In both cases, the threats to the covered troops are seriously reduced.

The electronics of the "Mercury-BM" complex operates in automatic mode and is capable of performing all the necessary operations in automatic mode. According to reports, it takes no more than a few fractions of a second to interfere with a car. The frequency of the radio fuse is determined with an accuracy of several hundred hertz. Determining the carrier frequency of a radio fuse takes no more than a few tens of microseconds. The interference is emitted for several milliseconds intermittently, thanks to which it is possible to create an almost continuous signal that provides the proper effect on the radio fuse.

At the same time, the 1L262 complex is capable of suppressing up to six radio channels with a probability of neutralizing a radio fuse up to 0.8. This ensures the possibility of continuous operation for six hours. The deployment of the complex takes no more than 10 minutes. During operation, the Rtut-BM electronic warfare vehicle can protect troops on an area from 20 to 50 hectares.

The equipment of the "Mercury-BM" complex is installed on the MT-LBu tracked chassis. Most of the electronic equipment is located inside the armored hull. Beyond it is a telescopic mast with a set of antennas. Thanks to the use of new equipment built on a modern element base, it was possible to halve the crew of the vehicle in comparison with the previous Mercury-B vehicle. The EW 1L262 car is served by two people (driver and system operator).

According to the Radioelectronic Technologies Concern, the need for the Russian armed forces in the Rtut-BM complexes is estimated at no less than 100 vehicles. In addition, the complex has a good potential in the international arms market and military equipment. At the moment, the EW troops have at least ten 1L262 vehicles, as well as a number of more old technology similar purpose model 1L29 "Mercury-B". In the foreseeable future, contracts for the supply of new Rtut-BM machines should be signed.

According to the websites:
http://ntv.ru/
http://gurkhan.blogspot.hu/
http://pravda-tv.ru/
http://militaryrussia.ru/blog/topic-803.html

When they talk about updating weapons and military equipment, they almost first of all mean the combat means of this type of troops. Electronic warfare units are where innovation comes first. Suppression of radio and electronic means command and control, communications and reconnaissance, the protection of their systems from the same impact from the enemy - all this requires not just modern equipment, but also the most reliable, capable of working in combat conditions. Open and destroy The author of these lines, in the course of the counter-terrorist operation in the North Caucasus, had to deal more than once with the results of the work of our EW units. Suppression of activity in the radio networks of militants, pinpoint radio intercepts, blocking the signals of radio fuses of explosive devices - all this was within the scope of the tasks of specialists of this type of troops. Chechnya. A targeted air strike was instantly launched at the established coordinates. As a result, that contact turned out to be the last one in life for the Ichkerian leader ... Not so long ago, the United Instrument-Making Corporation, as part of a large-scale program for re-equipping the Russian armed forces, completed the first stage of deliveries of the Borisoglebsk-2 multifunctional electronic warfare complex. It is designed to equip tactical units: electronic warfare companies that are part of the staff of motorized rifle brigades. The complex can be used for conducting radio reconnaissance, suppressing HF and VHF communication lines, and can be used not only for ground, but also for aviation sources communications. "Borisoglebsk-2" also easily jams the subscriber cellular communication, blocks radio navigation systems, operates in a wide range of radio frequencies. It independently and automatically scans impressive territories, revealing both entire radio networks and single communication sources. The number of tasks simultaneously solved by "Borisoglebsk" exceeds three dozen! The powerful tracked base of MTLB transporters, on which the stations of this complex are mounted, the armored hull allow "Borisoglebsk" to work in areas as close as possible to the front line, not to be afraid of either off-road or getting under fire. The station deployment time after the march does not exceed 15 minutes. The United Instrument-Making Corporation emphasizes that the latest technical solutions have been implemented in the Borisoglebsk-2 complex. The bet was made on automation: thanks to it, in particular, it was possible to more than double the range of reconnaissance and suppressed frequencies. chief designer electronic warfare technicians of the United Instrument-Making Corporation Mikhail Artemov. - This allows, for example, to identify the most important objects of enemy electronic equipment and focus efforts on them. I will say that my performance characteristics"Borisoglebsk-2" not only corresponds to the best foreign analogues, but also significantly surpasses them in a number of parameters. Today, our complex is capable of suppressing all modern means radio communications of the world. Invisible "Mercury" The Rtut-BM electronic warfare complex is not so universal, but its importance on the battlefield cannot be overestimated. The system is tailored to solve a specific task: to disable radio fuses of ammunition and explosive devices operated remotely. In fact, the complex acts as an element of protection for armored vehicles, as well as shelters and engineering structures. It neutralizes artillery shells even before they hit the target. Follow the operation of Mercury in the mode combat use unreal. It is beyond the control of the human senses. Suffice it to say that the time for determining the frequency at which the radio fuse of a flying projectile operates does not exceed a microsecond, and the formation of a response signal is milliseconds. At the same time, "Mercury" is able to overcome even the protected control system of the ammunition flying to the target, giving signals to undermine it. It looks fantastic, but it's a fact: for the operation of the complex, human participation is practically not required or minimized. Stations automatically scan the area, working both in the "stationary" mode and on the move. "Mercury" can also be used as a reconnaissance, revealing the radio frequencies of the enemy, without giving out its scanners. A feature of "Mercury" is the ability to undermine ammunition with salvo or rapid fire, destroy shells of MLRS systems. According to experts, one "Rtut-BM" complex is capable of covering an area where troops are located with a total area of ​​​​up to fifty hectares. The complex can also be used to jam the frequencies at which the enemy conducts radio communications: the number of suppressed lines reaches six. The system, like Borisoglebsk, is mounted on a light armored MTLB tracked chassis, thanks to which any roads and their absence are subject to it. The combat crew consists of two people, and the deployment time of the complex does not exceed ten minutes. In real time Over the past three years, domestic manufacturers have supplied 22 Rtut-BM complexes to the troops, and by the end of this year, the armed forces will be replenished with 21 more complexes. The number of Borisoglebsk-2 systems delivered to the Russian army during 2014-2015 exceeds ten. As the Deputy General Director of the United Instrument-Making Corporation, Lieutenant-General of the Reserve Sergey Skokov, notes, a full-fledged upgrade of equipment in the EW troops is taking place for the first time in 20-25 years. Moreover, according to Sergei Ivanovich, the geography of the current update is quite wide: “from Blagoveshchensk to Kaliningrad.” Naturally, the new equipment is not in the formations and military units in the form of exhibits. So, in the course of the recent large-scale strategic command and control center “Center-2015”, about 150 units of military and special electronic warfare equipment, as well as various air and ground-based electronic warfare systems, were involved in the implementation of practical tasks. According to the press service of the Central Military District, about half of the involved military and special EW equipment was latest designs, which entered the troops in 2014-2015. “The widespread use of promising models of electronic warfare equipment made it possible to solve the tasks of conditional cover for groupings of troops during marches from aerial radar reconnaissance, targeted air strikes and radio-controlled mine-explosive devices of a mock enemy,” the headquarters emphasized. Central Military District. By the way, the automated command post of the EW brigade was deployed for the first time at the Center-2015 exercise. New forms and methods of electronic warfare were tested, such as electronic strike, electronic information blocking of terrain areas. To protect against radio-controlled landmines, operators of mobile radio suppression systems conducted a continuous scan of the routes of advancement of military columns. Today, the army itself trains specialists to work on new equipment. Thus, the Interspecific Center for Training and Combat Use in Tambov graduated last year more than a thousand specialists to work on four dozen types of electronic warfare products and integrated technical control. One of the main features of this issue was training just for the operation of new electronic warfare systems - Mercury-BM, Borisoglebsk-2 and others. Another element of preparation was the competition for field training "Electronic Frontier" held in the EW troops. Since last year, the means of the Borisoglebsk-2 complex have been involved in its stages.