Municipal educational institution "Secondary school No. 2", Bogoroditsk, Tula region Materials for the WORKBOOK Module "Fundamentals secular ethics» Compiled by: Zolotareva Lyudmila Nikolaevna primary school teacher 2016 This is interesting! Annotation The word homeland comes from the ancient word clan, which denotes a group of people united by blood relationship. Each of us is a descendant of some ancient ancient family. And the word genus itself denotes the ancient god of the Slavs Rod. The main city of the Ross tribe (as the Russian people used to be called) was the city of Roden (Kin). It was dedicated to the god Rod. The homeland is both the fatherland, and the country, and the place of birth of a person. To give birth means to produce offspring. A woman will give birth, an animal will give birth, soil, earth will give birth. Parents are mother and father who have children. Relative - a relative, a member of the genus. Relatives are relatives. A pedigree is a list of generations of the same genus. People are proud of their pedigree, study it. The workbook was developed in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Primary General Education and work program“Collection of work programs. Fundamentals of religious cultures and secular ethics. 4th grade". The content of the notebook reflects the features of the thematic planning of the course "ORKSE" in accordance with the textbook A. Ya. Danilyuk "Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics. Fundamentals of secular ethics. 4th grade". The notebook will help fourth-graders develop creative thinking, give ideas about moral behavior, as well as about the rules and norms on which relationships with people should be built. The notebook can be used both in the classroom and during self-study of children at home with the family. Contents: Lesson 1. Russia is our Motherland Lesson 2. What is secular ethics Lesson 3. Culture and morality Lesson 4. Features of morality Lesson 5. Good and evil Lesson 6. Good and evil (Test yourself) Lesson 7. Virtue and vice Lesson 8 Virtue and vice Lesson 9. Freedom and moral choice of a person Lesson 10. Freedom and responsibility Lesson 11. Moral duty Lesson 12. Justice Lesson 13. Altruism and selfishness Lesson 14. Friendship Lesson 15. What does it mean to be moral Lesson 16. Summing up. (Test yourself) Lesson 18 Golden Rule morality Lesson 21. Shame, guilt and apology Lesson 22. Honor and dignity Lesson 23. Conscience Lesson 24. Moral ideals Lesson 25. Moral ideals Lesson 26. Models of morality in the culture of the Fatherland Lesson 27. Etiquette Lesson 28. Family holidays Lesson 29. Life a person is the highest moral value Lesson 30. Love and respect for the Fatherland Lesson 31. Patriotism of the multinational and multi-confessional people of Russia. Lesson 32 Lesson 1. Russia is our Motherland. Task 1. Fill in the gaps in the sentences. We live in a wonderful ___________________________________. in a country whose name is - We lovingly call our country ______________________, because we were born and live in it. The basic law of our state is _________________________. The capital of Russia is the city of ____________________. The head of our state is ______________________, currently this post is occupied by _________________________________________________. The state symbols of Russia are ________________, ______________, _____________. Task 2. Answer the questions about the state symbols of Russia. Coat of arms of Russia Name the elements of the state emblem Russian Federation : Flag of Russia _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ __________________________ What do you think the colors of the Russian flag symbolize? white color - _________________________________ blue color - _________________________________ red color - _______________________________ Lesson 2. What is secular ethics? Task 1. Thinkers. On Raphael's fresco "The School of Athens" we see two prominent ancient thinkers, allegedly arguing about philosophy. Who are they? _________________________________________________________________________ Task 2. Vocabulary __________________________ - love of wisdom. __________________________ - (Greek ethike, from ethos custom, disposition, character), a philosophical science that studies morality, morality. The term was introduced by Aristotle. (IV century BC). ____________________ - not church, civil. Task 3. Mark the illustrations (check the box) that depict people of secular professions. Task 4. Mark the illustrations (check the box) that depict secular buildings. Task 5. What does secular ethics help a person to understand? (Use the textbook when answering) __________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Lesson 3. Culture and morality. Task 1. Dictionary. ________________________ - 1. The totality of mankind's achievements in industrial, spiritual and social terms. 2. Way of life, customs, traditions and beliefs, spiritual and material wealth of the peoples of the world. _________________________ - a set of ideas based on belief in miraculous, supernatural forces and beings. Morality is the rules of conduct given by ethics. Morality is an internal predisposition and the need to comply with these rules. Task 2. Together with your parents, make a set (list) of moral norms (rules) adopted in your family. 1. ________________________________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________________________________ 4. ________________________________________________________________________ 5. ________________________________________________________________________ Task 3. In the 17th century, the Arab traveler Pavel of Aleppo arrived in Russia. Here is how he describes the features of life in Russia at that time. "IN holidays everyone rushes to church, dressed in their best clothes, especially women ... People pray in temples for six hours. All this time the people are on their feet. What endurance! Undoubtedly, all these people are saints! Wine shops remain closed from Saturday to Monday. The same is true for major holidays. Even peasants are called by patronymic. Black bread is preferred over white bread. Dogs are always fed meat and watered with milk. Therefore, when attacking a house, each dog is able to fight the crowd. The wife, having brought food, sits at the same table with the men. On Easter, everyone kisses, saying “Christ is Risen!” Muscovites trade is tough, this is the trade of well-fed people. They say little when trading. When you try to bargain, they get angry. The price is the same throughout the market. When we entered the hospital, because of the bad smell, we could not stay in this room to look at the patients. The king, however, approached each patient and kissed him on the head, mouth and hands - and so on to the last. Read the document and discuss the following questions with your parents. 1. What features of Russian culture of the 17th century that so struck the Arab traveler are still alive? (underline with a blue pencil) 2. Which of the above traditions can not be found anymore? (underline with a yellow pencil) 3. Do you think this is good? (Write) ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Lesson 4. Features of morality. Task 1. Emphasize those qualities of a person that morality approves. Courage Cowardice Fidelity Envy Modesty Kindness Betrayal Magnanimity Truthfulness Malevolence Sociability Closeness Generosity Greed Mercy Politeness Arrogance Rudeness Respect Neglect Modesty Courage Fearlessness Fortitude Courage Friendliness Indifference Falsehood Think about whether you have these qualities? Why did you make such a conclusion? (Write) __________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ Task 2. Read the text carefully, determine the moral standards that Anatoly violated and underline them. Mom woke up Tolik at 9 o'clock in the morning and asked him to go to the store. He lay in bed, staring at the TV, until 11 o'clock. After breakfast, I grabbed a couple of apples and went out for a walk with the dog. He immediately kicked her with his foot (barked with joy). Mom asked me to be home at 13 o'clock - for dinner. Met a classmate. He recalled that in mathematics they asked a difficult problem. During the conversation, Tolik began to nibble on the second apple. Returned home at 2 pm. After dinner, my mother said that it was time to do homework. “But they didn’t ask us,” said Tolik. At 4 pm he went to the park to play football. The ball is stuck on a tree. Tolik broke a long branch out of the bush and knocked the ball down. Returning home, I saw a wallet on the ground. A worried woman, looking at the ground, walked beside him. Tolik imperceptibly raised his wallet and ran to buy ice cream. At the crossing across the street stood a visually impaired old woman. Shreds rushed across the street straight to the store. 3. What moral rules will you follow on the road of life? Lesson 5 Task 1. Make up proverbs and sayings. Connect with a line. gives birth beast beast, gives birth bird bird , so that evil does not destroy you Do good, so that loving From good - good, From evil - evil will be born Bad to that, good found you Do not do evil, Good and evil to do always In the power of all people. But evil is done without difficulty, Good - it is more difficult to do who does not do good to anyone Task 2. What word is superfluous in the series? Emphasize BADLY DISCOVERING SOULNESS CRUELTY FEROCITY What concept unites these words? Write down ________________________ Task 3. What is the odd word in the row? Emphasize. MERCY SOULNESS SENSITIVITY INDIFFERENCE HEART What concept unites these words? Write it down. _______________________ Task 4. Evaluate the actions of children (Put ): Children's actions Good Evil Give homework to write off Explain the solution to the problem Hide a bad mark from parents Feed a homeless kitten Lesson 6. Good and evil. Task 1. Insert the missing word: this is an example of the actions of people and the relationship between them. the opposite of good is that which seeks to eliminate and correct morality. In the course of the historical development of society and culture became more... Immoral acts are also called... Task 2. Choose the correct answer:  What is considered a good deed? a) solve a problem for a friend; b) being late for an uninteresting meeting; c) help a neighbor solve the problem; d) forget about the unpleasant request.  How do they do good deeds? a) to avoid punishment; b) in the hope of a reward; c) in the hope of praise; d) disinterestedly and consciously.  Indicate the actions that society approves of: a) mutual assistance; b) violence; c) humiliation; d) cheating.  What are the consequences of evil deeds? a) enmity; b) joy; c) peaceful coexistence; d) friendship. Task 3. Divide actions into two groups: unwillingness to help elderly parents, adoption of sick children, insult, helping those in need. Moral act Immoral act Lesson 7. Virtue and vice. Task 1. Dictionary. _____________________ is a positive moral quality of a person. _____________________ - a lack of moral, spiritual; everything that is contrary to truth and goodness; evil and falsehood as a property, quality of a person; any moral distortion; inclination to evil, to a bad life. Task 2. Fill in the gaps. Conquer anger with gentleness, Evil with ____________________, Greed with _______________, Falsehood with ___________________. Task 3. "Golden mean" Virtue is in the middle between two vices: excess and deficiency. Define the virtues: Words for reference: friendliness, generosity, courage. Extravagance Avarice Hostility Pleasing Reckless Courage Cowardice Task 4. « Precious Wisdom scattering". Fill in the blanks, use the textbook. True ____________________ caution. ________________ without prudence only special kind cowardice. Euripides Seneca Friendliness doubles _________________ and cuts _________________ in half. Francis Bacon Who wants to have, he himself must be friendly. Bible Task 5. The value of each person is determined by the value of the objects of his aspirations. (Marcus Aurelius). How do you understand these words? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Lesson 8. Virtue and vice. 1. Distribute the positive and negative qualities of a person: vice virtue honesty anger kindness and hypocrisy responsibility duplicity Task 2. Find and underline, in the statements of great people who left their mark on history, one feature is the qualities of virtue , but two vices. “Gratitude is the smallest of virtues, while ingratitude is the worst of vices” Thomas Fuller “Courtesy is the first and most pleasant virtue” Francois Fénelon “Love of parents is the basis of all virtues. All who have virtue are happy ”Cicero “Falsehood is the most vile vice” Montaigne Task 3. Synonyms. Choose synonyms for the word FRIENDLY _____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Choose synonyms for the word COURAGEOUS _____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Choose synonyms for the word GENEROUS ________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Lesson 9. Freedom and moral choice of a person. Task 1. Using the text of the textbook, restore the sentence: A moral choice is a choice between ____________________ and ________________________, between ________________________, between ________________________. ____________________ ____________________ and and Task 2. Test yourself. What determines a person's moral choice? a) from friends b) from the country; c) from parents; d) from the person himself.  What determines the moral choice of a person? a) strength of character b) family c) place of residence; d) age. Lesson 10. Freedom and responsibility. Task 1. Read the statements famous people. Which of them do you agree or disagree with? Mark (+ agree, disagree)  For free all heights are achievable. (Maxim Gorky)  Freedom is responsibility. That's why everyone is so afraid of her. (Bernard Shaw)  Freedom is the natural ability of everyone to do what he pleases, if it is not prohibited by force or law. (Justinian)  I consider free the one who does not hope for anything and is not afraid of anything. (Democritus) Task 2. Choose things for which only you are responsible. buy bread walk the dog take out the trash wash the dishes learn to water the flowers well tidy up your room play with your little brother Are Responsible Teachers are responsible for __________________________. Students __________________________. Doctors ____________________________. Architects ______________________. Artists carry ____________________. responsibility responsibility responsibility bear for for for for for Lesson 11. Topic. Moral duty. Task 1. Establish a correspondence between the types of moral duties and examples of the manifestation of these duties: moral duty patriotic duty filial duty parental duty ☼ ☼ ☼ an example of its manifestation Organization of summer holidays ☼ ☼ Caring for parents Fire prevention ☼ professional duty ☼ Protection of the Motherland ☼ Task 2. Read the parable and answer the questions about it. Taoist story. The Wise Pig about morality Once the Wise Pig thought about moral issues and, after thinking a little, said the following aloud: - Every tribe, clan and even family, if at least three chickens live in its yard, has its own morality. Some consider it worthy of a warrior to kill the enemy on the sly, while others consider it worthy to defeat in a knightly duel. Some kill to ease the pain, others save the life of a suffering cripple. The enumeration of these contradictions can be continued indefinitely, but the main thing that follows from all this is that if in the eyes of someone you want to seem like a person who follows the laws of morality, act in accordance with his views. Having said all this, the proud Pig retired to her feeder to check if there was anything left from yesterday's dinner. Find in the text wise saying (keyword) Pigs? Highlight it. Task 3. Read expressively this poem. What does the author think it takes to be a good person? Emphasize. But no matter how life breaks us, There is some magic in it ... There are too few good people. And yet they are the majority. Become a kind wizard, Nuka, try it! There is no need for special tricks here: To understand and fulfill the desire of another It's a pleasure, honestly! Lesson 12   What you sow, _____________________________________. Do not dig a hole for another, ___________________________________. Task 2. Using the text of the textbook (p. 28), restore the sentence. Fairness is a ______________________ governing rule, ___________________________________________ in the distribution of _________________, ____________________ and _____________________, ______________________, etc. Task 3. What moral rules did you have to face in life (write), and what conclusion did you draw? (rules on page 29 of the textbook) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Task 4. Discuss with friends and write a set of rules that will help you treat others fairly. Lesson #13 Altruism and egoism Lesson 13. Altruism and egoism Task1. Vocabulary: _ 1.__________________ behavior aimed at satisfying personal interests, including to the detriment of the interests of other people or society. (from the Latin ego - I) 2. _______________ (from the Latin word alter other) readiness to selflessly act for the benefit of others, regardless of their own interests. Match the concepts and examples: Altruism A man fulfilled the request of an unfamiliar child A classmate did not hand over his homework Egoism A boy did not share the sweets he was given A man repaired his neighbor's apartment for free Task 2. Read the text of the textbook (p. 30 - 31). Using it, prove that the heroine of the fairy tale C. Perro Cinderella can be called an altruist. 1.________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Which of the heroes of the fairy tale "Cinderella" do you consider an egoist? (write) Why? _________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ __________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________. Lesson 14 Task 1. Make up proverbs and sayings. Connect with a line. An old friend The taste of color Do not have a hundred rubles, Friends are known Die yourself, in trouble better than two new comrades is not like a tree without roots, but have a hundred friends A person without friends, Task 2. Tell me how you put up with your friend. Choose words suitable for your reconciliation: and help out a comrade. I'm sorry, perhaps a hundred We won't quarrel anymore, let's put up, I'm very ashamed, I regret what I've done, I value our friendship and I apologize Task 3. Read the poem by A. Barto and answer the question. A friend reminded me yesterday, How much good he did to me: Why was the friendship of the guys in jeopardy? A pencil was once given to me by _______________________________________________ (I forgot the pencil case that day), _____________________________________________ In the wall newspaper, almost in every one, ________________________________________________ Mentioned about me. __________________________________________ I fell and got wet all over - ___________________________________________ He ​​helped me dry. ___________________________________________ He ​​is for a dear friend ___________________________________________ He ​​did not spare a pie, ____________________________________________ He ​​once gave me a bite, ____________________________________________ And now he put it on the bill. ____________________________________________ And me to him, guys, ____________________________________________ Something no longer attracts ______________________________________________ Lesson 15. What does it mean to be moral 1. Analyze the actions of the characters in the picture. Find your place among the heroes, put the  icon in the circle. 2. Insert the missing word.  Good and evil is manifested in ___________________ people.  Virtue is the _______________ choice of the best behavior.  Being moral means _____________________.  An example of moral behavior in being a society _____________________________________________. maybe 3. Evaluate fairy tale characters. Who of them has virtuous qualities (D), and who is vicious (P)? Lesson 16 (Test yourself) Final test. Good luck! 1. A science that considers actions and relationships between people from the point of view of ideas of good and evil. ___________________________________________ 2. A system of norms and values ​​that regulate people's behavior. _______________________________________________ 3. Moral value, which relates to human activity.__________________________ 4. Expresses a person's desire for good. _______________ _________________________________________________________ 5. An action that results in harm to oneself and other people. __________________ __________________________________________________________ 6. The ability of a person to determine his behavior, taking into account the laws of nature and society. ___________________ ________________________________________________________ 7. The ability of a person to be responsible for his own free choice. _____________________________________ 8. A moral rule governing relations between people in the distribution of benefits, rewards, punishments, income, etc. ________________________________________ 9. Moral position in life, which requires a person to commit selfless acts for the sake of other people or common goals. ________________________________ 10. Relationships based on mutual affection and personal interests. ____________________________________ WELL DONE! Lesson 18 Read the poem, find and underline the lines, Family is happiness, love and luck, Family is a summer trip to the country. Family is a holiday, family dates, gifts, purchases, pleasant spending. The birth of children, the first step, the first babble, Dreams of good, excitement and awe. Family is work, caring for each other, Family is a lot of homework. Family is important! Family is hard! But it is impossible to live happily alone! Always be together, take care of love, Drive insults and quarrels away, I want friends to talk about us: What a good family yours is! Task 2. Restore the sayings of famous people about the family Love, to, basis, parents, virtues, all (Cicero) ________________________________________________________________ No, holier, and, love, more disinterested, nothing, mother (V. G. Belinsky) __________________________________________________________________ Task 3. Indicate the sequence of family ties in the family. : Signs of a moral act TASK 2. The game "Black and White World". Reflective on the "black" part dark side life, and on the other - the bright side of life. write actions, ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ TASK 4. _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ Task 3. Remember A. Lindgren's fairy tale "The Kid and Carlson, who lives on the roof." Analyze with your parents one of Carlson's tricks from the point of view of a moral act. Lesson 20 2. Know how to share joy with a friend. 3. Don't laugh at your friend's shortcomings. 4. Stop a friend if he does something bad. 5. Know how to accept help and advice. 6. Do not deceive a friend. 7. Don't betray your friend. 8. Know how to admit your mistakes, make peace with a friend. 9. Treat a friend the way you would like to be treated One of these rules is called golden. What and why? (Write) _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _____ Task 2. Guess the riddles. One chatterer, Another whistler, The third edun, Two brothers who are viki, And two are hearers, Two brothers are runners Yes, grab two brothers. For bad, expect bad, For good - _____________ No _______________ look for, but found - take care. Make up a proverb using clue words. Homework. Evaluate the actions of fairy-tale characters from the point of view of the GOLDEN RULE OF MORALITY. ________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ ________ ___________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ ______________ Lesson 21 There are no pure white or pure black people - people are all motley. (A.M. Gorky) TASK 1. Read the parable “A peasant had a son who began to behave badly. Having tried all the ways of influence, the father came up with the following: he dug a pillar against the house and, after each misconduct of his son, drove a nail into this pillar. Some time passed, and there was no living space left on the pillar - it was all studded with nails. This picture struck the boy's imagination so much that he began to improve. Then for each of his actions, his father began to pull out one nail. And then the day came when the last nail was pulled out, but this made a completely unexpected impression on the boy: he wept bitterly. - Why are you crying? his father asked. “Are there no more nails?” “There are no nails, but the holes remain,” answered the son. Answer the question: Why did the son cry? ________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ TASK 2. Imagine the situation in which you found yourself: “Yesterday in your class there was test mathematics. Today the teacher announced the results, you - "five"! However, when the notebooks were handed out and you looked at your work again, you saw that the teacher did not notice a very gross mistake in it. There can be no five here! The five received absolutely undeservedly. Your work is at best a "four", or even a "three". How will you do it? o tell nothing to anyone; o be sure to say; o if you say, then when: by all means with the whole class; o alone to one teacher? What feeling will make you confess? ________________________ TASK 3. 1. Choose the statement that you think is true. o There is neither Good nor Conscience in the world. o Is there Good and Conscience in the world!? o No, all the same, there is Goodness and Conscience in the world. o There is Goodness and Conscience in the world. o Goodness and Conscience rule the world! o 2. Game "Collect a proverb" Who is ashamed, No matter how wise, Conscience without teeth and conscience can not be too smart. he was not at home and his conscience would bite When the conscience was handed out, Task 4. definitions: Read the text of the textbook, find and write out the following SHAME ________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ GUILT _________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ Task 5. What can cause a person to feel shame? a) an unfulfilled promise; b) all options are correct; c) deceit; d) quarrel; e) your answer _________________________________ Task 6. To get rid of guilt you need to: a) read an interesting book; b) find a new friend; c) forget about a bad deed; d) to apologize to those whom I offended. Task 7. Pick up two or three proverbs that would talk about shame and guilt, write them down in a notebook. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Lesson 22. Honor and dignity Task 1. Read the poem Stay simple when talking with kings, Stay honest when talking with the crowd, Be direct and firm with enemies and friends, Let everyone consider you in due time . Fill every moment with meaning, Hours and days of inexorable running. Then you will take the whole world as a possession, Then, my son, you will be a man. (R. Kipling.) What qualities should a person have to be proud of this title? Read the quotes. How do you understand them? A person should be honest by nature, not by circumstances. Marcus Aurelius ________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ It is possible to be an honest man without being great; but one cannot be a great man without being honest. From the "Encyclopedia of Aphorisms" _________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Task 3. Read a short excerpt from the collection "World Wit" and think about whether events and circumstances affect our behavior, our principles? Honest and noble Spartan Once a batch of captured Spartans was sold into slavery. One buyer asked the prisoner he was going to buy: - Will you be an honest person if I buy you? - I'll be them all the same, whether you buy me or not buy, - answered the Spartan. LESSON 23 Task 1. We read the poem "WHAT IS CONSCIENCE" Mom, what is conscience? Conscience, daughter, this is a story About good deeds - Life gave them to us with you. Who lives in conscience, will not let anyone down. Conscience is the treasure of your soul. A bright ray of light in it. This is a guiding light. He will save you from trouble. He always burns in you. He is your strongest shield. Where do you think conscience lives in a person?__________________________________ Task 2. What would you do in this situation? A classmate made a mistake on the blackboard. You noticed and __________________________________________________________________ You accidentally pushed a classmate __________________________________ Someone accidentally stepped on your foot. It hurts you _____________________ You were put at a desk with someone who is not nice to you __________________ You, walking around the class, brushed off a notebook and other things. What will you do? ________________________________________________________________ You heard how they called you _______________________________________ Lesha, Roma has been sick for a long time, you _______________________________________ Task 3. Let's look into the well of wisdom. Choose the right expression 1 Act contrary to your convictions in good conscience 2. Live honestly, justly against conscience 3 Do something well without a twinge of conscience 4. Live calmly, without remorse according to your conscience TASK 4. Try to depict conscience in the form of some symbol. Lesson 24 The ideal is the highest perfection. Pitiful is he who lives without an ideal. I.S. Turgenev Task 1. Read an excerpt from the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila" by A.S. Pushkin about Russian heroes: And strong, mighty heroes in Glorious Rus'! Do not gallop enemies on our land, Do not trample their horses on the Russian land, Do not overshadow our red sun. Rus' stands for a century - it does not stagger! And it will stand for centuries, it will not move! Write the names of Russian heroes: ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Task 2. Using the text of the textbook (p. 50 - 51), derive the rules of an honest heroic duel. ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ TASK 3. Read the proverbs. Choose one that, in your opinion, clearly articulates the topic of our lesson. Highlight it. Who dared, he sat on a horse. Russian neither with a sword, nor with a kalach does not joke. In Rus', not all crucians, there are ruffs. To the brave to sip peas, but to the timid and not to see cabbage soup. The hero dies - his name will remain. The Russian land is glorious with heroes. Lesson 25 Write them using the text of the textbook (p. 52) Task 2. Which qualities from the list below are suitable for the concepts of "gentleman" and "lady", and which are not? Friendliness, punctuality, indifference, frivolity, clumsiness, education, elegance, loyalty to the word, selfishness, patriotism. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ________ Homework Reflect on the topic: “Only an adult or even my peer can be called a knight, gentleman, lady? » ________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ______________ __________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ __________________________________________ ____ Lesson 26. Moral patterns awn in the culture of the Fatherland Task 1. "Culture of Russia". Using the text of the textbook (p. 54), restore the concept - Russian culture is an example of __________________________, a treasury of knowledge, ________________________________, _____________________________ and sustainable norms-models ____________________________________________. Task 2. statement. Connect the illustrations with the appropriate one. Defense of the Motherland is also the defense of one's dignity. (N. Roerich) There are no barriers for a person with talent and love for work. (L. Man by nature is a social being. (Aristotle) ​​1. What is the moral attitude to Task 3. Test yourself. Fatherland? o In love for your people; o in good feelings for the nature of the native land; o in labor for good of the Motherland; o all options are correct. 2. What can be called a model of morality? o Victory in the school Olympiad; o knowledge of the laws of the state; o the ability to achieve goals at any cost; o deeds aimed at the common good of people. Homework. Which of the members of your family is a model of moral behavior for you (patriot, collectivist, hard worker, warrior)? Prepare a story about this person. lesson 27. Etiquette 1. Write out from the text of the textbook (p. 57): acceptable and unacceptable communication rules. ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________ 2. Make up proverbs. Connect with a line. At home as you like, Though you are not rich, silence is gold for business, look In the village where one-legged people live, and guests are welcome The word is silver, Do not judge by clothes, A gift is not expensive - love is dear, and at a party - as they say, you must go on one leg Task 3. Choose the most accurate, in your opinion, definition of etiquette. Etiquette is a kind of code Etiquette is a kind of code of good manners and rules of behavior good manners and rules of behavior Etiquette reflects the rules Etiquette reflects the rules of behavior inherent in a particular behavior, inherent in a particular tradition of tradition

Good afternoon, dear owner of this site! Is it possible to place these aphorisms in a separate topic (at your discretion)? Because sometimes it is more useful to read such nameless pearls of wisdom than to write about the same thing over and over again. I have been collecting these aphorisms for a long time and read them from time to time. So, to relieve internal stress and recharge with vigor again.

Best regards, Ludmila (Milita)

****

- "What causes you endless pain - in time becomes your greatest strength." "Our doubts are our traitors. They make us lose what we might have won if we weren't afraid to try." - "Life is beautiful, even if tears sometimes flow down the cheeks." "Solitude is to the soul what diet is to the body." - "Fate is not a fool, in vain will not bring people together." - "God endowed you only with you inherent features and abilities. So be yourself... Make your own life... Because no one will take your place in your life."

- "Never ask the Lord for tests. He will send them faster than a reward, and you are unlikely to notice it." "Why waste time on someone who doesn't want to spend that time with me." "Not everything we face can be changed - but nothing can be changed until we give it our attention." - "If you dream of a rainbow, be prepared to get caught in the rain." - "Even a hundred-year life consists of only 36,500 days." "It can't rain all year, a person can't be poor all his life." - "Remember: of all the roads, the most profitable and promising - difficult and honest roads, because there are always too few competitors!" - "Every dream, in the end, is embodied: there is moisture for every thirsty person; there is love for every heart." - "On the day when you decide that you are devoid of flaws - try to walk on the water."

- "A man grows cold towards a woman who loves him too much, and vice versa. Apparently, the situation with heartfelt feelings is like with good deeds: whoever is not able to repay them becomes ungrateful." "It's not letters that become words, but thoughts." - "When you have already learned to do without it, then it is at this moment that Fate presents it to you." “You can fall in love with a person after you get to know him well, and stop loving him after you get to know him too well.” - "Human souls are like snowflakes - there is no one similar." "Anxiety is a misuse of the imagination."

- "A woman herself chooses the man who chooses her." - "Free love" is an expression like " liquid stool". It seems that the words are all understandable, but the meaning is lost together." - "Let every day be the best in your life!" - "If there is no exit, then the exit is where the entrance is!" - "The road down has few stops." "There is no great loss without at least a small gain." - "No one lived in the past, no one will have to live in the future. The present is the form of life." - "How many unnecessary things in the world that interfere if they are not..." - "There can be no failure in the movement. Edison did not make a thousand mistakes on the way to his invention, but a thousand small steps."

- "Physical love can be learned, platonic - no; it is from the heart, but not lower." "There are three things that never return: an arrow fired, a word spoken, days gone by." "Life is ten percent of what happens to you and ninety percent of how you react to it." - "If your opponent starts to refer to your age, gender or nationality, then he has run out of arguments." - "The strength of Russian women should be calculated in horsepower: how many horses can stop at a gallop at a time - so much horsepower ..." - "The biggest weakness is hatred. The best day is today. The most a dangerous person- liar."

- "Money can buy the most precious puppy, but only love will make him wag his tail." - "Whoever risks justifiably, he drinks champagne, and whoever unjustifiably takes vodka without clinking glasses..." - "People are often lonely, because they build walls instead of bridges." - "If you wear a little - and you will move the mountain, if you wear a lot - you yourself will have to carry." - "To love someone is to take with pleasure from him such things for which others would have been nailed a long time ago." "Never judge a man by his friends. With Judas they were perfect." - "If people do not agree on the main thing, then they disagree over trifles." - "Our desires are the essence of the presentiment of the abilities we have and the forerunner of those things that we are able to perform." - "Family replaces everything, so before you start it, think about what is more important to you - everything or family." - "The future is in the power of your decisions today." - "If a person does not have any difficulties, then God has forgotten about him."

- "Nothing gives such a deep understanding of life as an imminent death." - "No one can change the expression of their eyes without changing the way they think." - "When you lose, don't miss the lesson." "A wound from a spear can be healed, but a wound caused by a word is incurable." "A mistake is a decision that is correct under other conditions." - "When a man does the dishes, it's called HELP. When a woman does the dishes, it's called LIFE."

- "People usually live as long as they have clear goals on the horizon that they strive to achieve. If there is no goal, the meaning of life disappears, and the person disappears." - "Life cannot consist of continuous ups - downs are inevitable!" - "If you want to be smart, learn to ask smart, listen carefully, answer calmly and stop talking when there is nothing to say." "You can really move a mountain and get yourself exactly the kind of life you want if you have faith in yourself and the confidence that you are doing the right thing." - "Only the one on whose foot the boot knows where he presses."

- "Life is given once, so there is nothing to be afraid of." - "If dreams do not come true, you must either add funds (money, time, labor, reflection, organization), or be content with less valuable results." -" Real love- this is a continuous thread that binds us even when we are at a great distance from each other." - "Trains leave continuously - DO NOT RACE!" - "A change of place cannot dispel anguish and oppression of the spirit. It is not the sky that needs to be changed, but the soul. Your vices will follow you wherever you go." (Seneca). - "The arrow sent by you to another will circle the globe and pierce your back." - "When you say to yourself" I do not want to live, "on it actually means "I don't want to live like this".

- "Self-sacrifice should be prohibited by law, for it corrupts those to whom sacrifices are made." - "Life experience is a mass of knowledge about what not to do in situations that will never happen again." - "Feelings do not deceive; the judgment made on them deceives." - "It turns out that everything works out if you try!" "We seldom regret having said too little, but we often regret having said too much: a hackneyed and banal truth that everyone knows - and which is never followed." - "Patience is the last key that opens all doors"!!! - "You yourself are the source of everything that was, is and will be." - "Look at everything as it is, not as you want..." - "Behind every successful man is a wise woman." - "Do not take away from anyone the beliefs that contribute to his happiness, if you can not give him the best."

- "We enter different ages of our lives, like newborns, with no experience behind us - no matter how old we are." - "Misfortunes will turn you into a precious stone." - "From time to time please someone - at least yourself." "And Confucius wasn't always lucky." "What happens, happens at the right time." "It's easy to be a brave tiger, but try to be a brave rabbit." - "If you stumble and fall, it does not mean that you are going the wrong way." - "The longest distance on earth is the one that you don’t want to overcome. The most terrible state on earth is complete loneliness. The most evil words in the world are" I don't love you".

- "Think as if your every thought is written in huge fiery letters in the sky and is visible to everyone - so it is." (Book of Murdad) - "You cannot escape your destiny - in other words, you cannot escape the inevitable consequences of your own actions." - "It just seems that everything is paid for with money. Everything that is really important is paid for with pieces of the soul."

- "Love is the freedom to be yourself next to someone who accepts you for who you are." - "Love is when you want to take a person not into your bed, but into your life." - "I don't want to complain, but life is beautiful..." - "A chance is a pseudonym for God when he doesn't want to sign with his own name." - "God Himself does not consider it necessary to judge a person before the onset of his last day. Shouldn't you and I follow his example ?!" - "God gives the best of that who leaves the choice to Him."

Municipal educational institution

"Secondary School #2"

Bogoroditsk, Tula region

Workbook

at the rate

"Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics"

Module "Fundamentals of secular ethics »

students _____ 4 b class

MOU "Secondary school No. 2"

___________________________________________

Part I

2016-2017 academic year

Rock 1. Russia is our Motherland.

Exercise 1. Fill in the gaps in the sentences.

We live in a wonderful country, whose name is ___________________________________.

We lovingly call our country ______________________, because we were born and live in it.

The basic law of our state is _________________________.

The capital of Russia is the city of ____________________.

The head of our state is ______________________, currently this post is occupied by _________________________________________________.

The state symbols of Russia are ________________, ______________, _____________.

Task 2. Answer questions about the state symbols of Russia.

Lesson 2. What is secular ethics?

Exercise 1. Thinkers.

In Raphael's fresco "The School of Athens" we see two prominent ancient thinkers allegedly arguing about philosophy. Who are they?

_________

Task 2. Dictionary

____________________ is the love of wisdom.

__________________________ - (Greek) ethike, from ethos - custom, disposition, character), a philosophical science that studies morality, morality. The term was introduced by Aristotle. ( IV century BC).

____________________ - not church, civil.

Task 3. Check the illustrations (check the box) that depict people of secular professions.

Task 5. What does secular ethics help a person to understand? (Use textbook when answering) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 3 .

Exercise 1. Dictionary.

________________________ – 1. The totality of mankind's achievements in industrial, spiritual and social terms. 2. Way of life, customs, traditions and beliefs, spiritual and material wealth of the peoples of the world.

_________________________ - a set of ideas based on belief in miraculous, supernatural forces and beings.

Morality These are ethical rules of conduct.

Moral - internal predisposition and the need to comply with these rules

Task 2. Together with your parents, make a set (list) of moral norms (rules) adopted in your family.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________--

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Task 3. In the 17th century, the Arab traveler Pavel of Aleppo arrived in Russia. Here is how he describes the features of life in Russia at that time.

“On holidays, everyone rushes to church, dressed up in their best clothes, especially women ... People pray in churches for six hours. All this time the people are on their feet. What endurance! Undoubtedly, all these people are saints! Wine shops remain closed from Saturday to Monday. The same is true for major holidays. Even peasants are called by patronymic. Black bread is preferred over white bread. Dogs are always fed meat and watered with milk. Therefore, when attacking a house, each dog is able to fight the crowd. The wife, having brought food, sits at the same table with the men. On Easter, everyone kisses, saying “Christ is Risen!” Muscovites trade is tough, this is the trade of well-fed people. They say little when trading. When you try to bargain, they get angry. The price is the same throughout the market. When we entered the hospital, because of the bad smell, we could not stay in this room to look at the patients. The king, however, approached each patient and kissed him on the head, mouth and hands - and so on to the last.

Read the document and discuss the following questions with your parents.

1. What features of Russian culture of the 17th century that so struck the Arab traveler are still alive? (underline with blue pencil)

2. Which of the above traditions can not be found? (underline with yellow pencil)

3. Do you think this is good? (Write)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 4. Features of morality.

Exercise 1 . Emphasize those qualities of a person that morality approves.

Courage

Cowardice

Loyalty

Betrayal

Truthfulness

Sociability

Closure

Modesty

Generosity

Gloat

Generosity

Greed

Mercy

Politeness

Arrogance

Respect

neglect

Modesty

Fearlessness

Fortitude

Courage

friendliness

Indifference

deceitfulness

- Think about whether you have these qualities? Why did you make such a conclusion?

(Write) _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 2. Read the text carefully, determine the moral norms that Anatoly violated and underline them.

Mom woke up Tolik at 9 o'clock in the morning and asked him to go to the store. He lay in bed, staring at the TV, until 11 o'clock. After breakfast, I grabbed a couple of apples and went out for a walk with the dog. He immediately kicked her with his foot (barked with joy). Mom asked me to be home at 13 o'clock - for dinner. Met a classmate. He recalled that in mathematics they asked a difficult problem. During the conversation, Tolik began to nibble on the second apple. Returned home at 2 pm. After dinner, my mother said that it was time to do homework. “But they didn’t ask us,” said Tolik. At 4 pm he went to the park to play football. The ball is stuck on a tree. Tolik broke a long branch out of the bush and knocked the ball down. Returning home, I saw a wallet on the ground. A worried woman, looking at the ground, walked beside him. Tolik imperceptibly raised his wallet and ran to buy ice cream. At the crossing across the street stood a visually impaired old woman. Shreds rushed across the street straight to the store.

3 . What moral rules will you follow on the road of life?

Lesson 5

Exercise 1.

Task 2 . What is the missing word in the line? underline

ANIMILITY CRULITY FEROCITY

What concept unites these words? Write down ________________________

Task 3 . What is the missing word in the line? Emphasize. MERCY HEART

What concept unites these words? Write it down. _______________________

Task 4. Evaluate the actions of children (Put  ):

Lesson 6

Task 1. Insert the missing word:

is an example of the actions of people and the relationships between them.

- the opposite of good, this is what seeks to eliminate and correct morality.

In the course of historical development, societies and cultures have become more ...

B immoral acts are also called...

Task 2. Choose the correct answer:

What is considered a good deed?

a) solve a problem for a friend; b) being late for an uninteresting meeting;

c) help a neighbor solve the problem; d) forget about the unpleasant request.

How are good deeds done?

a) to avoid punishment; b) in the hope of a reward;

c) in the hope of praise; d) disinterestedly and consciously.

Specify the actions that society approves of:

a) mutual assistance; b) violence; c) humiliation; d) cheating.

What is the result of evil deeds?

a) enmity; b) joy; c) peaceful coexistence; d) friendship.

Task 3. Divide actions into two groups: unwillingness to help elderly parents, adoption of sick children, insult, helping those in need.

Lesson 7

Exercise 1 . Dictionary.

_____________________ is a positive moral quality of a person.

_ ____________________ - a lack of moral, spiritual; everything that is contrary to truth and goodness; evil and falsehood as a property, quality of a person; any moral distortion; inclination to evil, to a bad life.

Task 2. Fill the gaps.

Conquer anger with gentleness

Evil - ____________________,

Greed - _______________,

Lie - ___________________.

Task 3. "Golden mean"

Virtue is in the middle between two vices: excess and deficiency. Define virtues:Reference words : friendliness, generosity, courage .

Task 4. "Precious wisdom placer." Fill in the blanks, use the textbook.

Task 5 . The value of each person is determined by the value of the objects of his aspirations. (Marcus Aurelius).How do you understand these words? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 8

1. R

vice

virtue

honesty

responsibility

duplicity

hypocrisy

Task 2. Find and underline, in the statements of great people who left their mark on history, one line is the quality of virtue, and two - vice.

“Gratitude is the least of the virtues, while ingratitude is the worst of the vices.” Thomas Fuller

- “Courtesy is the first and most pleasant virtue” François Fénelon

“Love for parents is the basis of all virtues. All who are virtuous are happy.” Cicero

- “Deceit is the most heinous vice” Montaigne

Task 3. Synonyms.

Choose synonyms for the word FRIENDLY _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Choose synonyms for the word COURAGE

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Choose synonyms for the word GENEROUS

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 9

Task 1. Using the text of the textbook, restore the sentence:

A moral choice is a choice between ____________________ and ________________________,

between ____________________ and ________________________,

between ____________________ and ________________________.

Task 2. Check yourself.

What determines a person's moral choice?

a) from friends

b) from the country;

c) from parents;

d) from the person himself.

What determines a person's moral choice?

a) strength of character

b) family

c) place of residence;

d) age.

Lesson 10. Freedom and responsibility.

Task 1. Read the statements of famous people. Which of them do you agree or disagree with? Mark ( + - agree,- - disagree)

For the free - all heights are achievable. (Maksim Gorky)

Freedom is responsibility. That's why everyone is so afraid of her.(Bernard Show)

Freedom is the natural ability of everyone to do what he pleases, unless prohibited by force or law. (Justinian)

With the free, I consider the one who does not hope for anything and is not afraid of anything. (Democritus)

Z

buy bread

walk the dog

to wash the dishes

study well

take out the trash

water the flowers

clean up your room

play with little brother

Task 3. Using the text of the textbook (p. 25), complete the statements:

Parents are responsible for _______________________

Children are responsible for _____________________________.

Teachers are responsible for __________________________.

Students are responsible for __________________________.

Physicians are responsible for ____________________________.

Architects are responsible for _________.

Artists are responsible for ________________________.

Lesson 11 Moral duty.

Task 1. Establish a correspondence between the types of moral duties and examples of the manifestation of these duties:

moral duty

an example of its manifestation

Task 2. Read the parable and answer the questions to it.

Taoist story. Wise Pig about morality

Once the Wise Pig thought about moral issues and, after thinking a little, said the following aloud:

Each tribe, clan and even family, if at least three chickens live in its courtyard, has its own morality. Some consider it worthy of a warrior to kill the enemy on the sly, while others consider it worthy to defeat in a knightly duel. Some kill to ease the pain, others save the life of a suffering cripple. The enumeration of these contradictions can be continued indefinitely, but the main thing that follows from all this is that if in the eyes of someone you want to seem like a person who follows the laws of morality, act in accordance with his views.

Having said all this, the proud Pig retired to her feeder to check if there was anything left from yesterday's dinner.

- Find in the text a wise saying (key) of the Pig? Highlight it.

Task 3. Read expressively this poem. What does the author think it takes to be a good person? Emphasize.

But no matter how life breaks us,

There is some magic in it...

There are too few good people.

And yet they are the majority.

Become a good wizard

Come on, try it!

There is no need for special tricks here:

Understand and fulfill the desire of another -

A pleasure, honestly!

Lesson 12

Exercise 1. Finish the proverbs:

Do you like to ride?

What you sow is ___________________________________________.

Do not dig a hole for another, ___________________________________.

Task 2. Using the text of the textbook (p. 28), restore the sentence.

Fairness is the ______________________ rule that governs ___________________________________________ in the distribution of _________________, ____________________ and _____________________, ______________________ and so on.

Task 3. What moral rules did you have to face in life

(write) and what conclusion did you draw? (rules on page 29 of the textbook)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 4. Discuss with friends and write a set of rules that will help you treat others fairly.

Lesson #13 Altruism and selfishness

Lesson 13

Exercise 1. Dictionary: _

1.__________________ ( from Latin ego - z) - behavior aimed at satisfying personal interests, including to the detriment of the interests of other people or society.

2. _______________ (from the Latin wordalter - other) - willingness to selflessly act for the benefit of others, regardless of their own interests.

Match the concepts and examples:

Altruism The man fulfilled the request of an unfamiliar child

Classmate did not submit homework

selfishness The boy did not share the donated sweets

Man renovated neighbor's apartment for free

Task 2. Read the text of the textbook (p. 30 - 31). Using it, prove that the heroine of the fairy tale C. Perro Cinderella can be called an altruist.

1.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

-Which of the heroes of the fairy tale "Cinderella" do you consider an egoist? (write) Why?

_________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Lesson 14

Exercise 1. Make up proverbs and sayings. Connect with a line.

Task 2. Tell me how you put up with your friend. Choose the words suitable for your reconciliation:

Task 3. Read A. Barto's poem and answer the question.

A friend reminded me yesterday

How much has done me good:Why was the friendship of the guys at risk?

A pencil was once given to me by _____________________________________________

(I forgot my pencil case that day), _____________________________________________

In the wall newspaper, almost in every one, __________________________________________

He mentioned me. __________________________________________

I fell and got wet - ___________________________________________

He helped me dry. ___________________________________________

It is for a dear friend ___________________________________________

I did not spare the pie, ____________________________________________

Once gave me a bite, ____________________________________________

Now I've counted it. ____________________________________________

And me to him, guys, ____________________________________________

Something no longer attracts ______________________________________________

U rock 15. What does it mean to be moral

1. Analyze the actions of the characters in the picture. Find your place among the heroes, put a badge in a circle  .

2. Insert the missing word.

Good and evil manifests itself in ___________________ people.

Virtue is _______________ choosing the best behavior.

Being moral means _____________________.

An example of moral behavior in society can be _____________________________________________.

3. Appreciate fairy tale characters. Which of them has virtuous qualities ( D ), and who are vicious ( P )?

Rock 16. Summing up. (Check yourself)

Final test. Good luck!

1. A science that considers the actions and relationships between people in terms of ideas about good and evil.___________________________________________

2. System of norms and values ​​that regulate people's behavior. _______________________________________________

3. Moral value, which relates to human activity __________________________

4. Expresses a person's desire for good. _______________

_____________________________________________________

5. Action, the result of which is the infliction of harm to oneself and other people. __________________

____________________________________________________

6. The ability of a person to determine his behavior, taking into account the laws of nature and society. ___________________

______________________________________________________

7. The ability of a person to be responsible for his own free choice. ___________________________________________

8. A moral rule that regulates relations between people in the distribution of benefits, rewards, punishments, income, etc. ____________________________________________

9. Moral position in life, which requires a person to commit selfless acts for the sake of other people or common goals. ________________________________

10. Relationships based on mutual affection and personal interests. ___________________________

WELL DONE

Talking a lot and saying a lot are not the same thing.

Who seeks - he finds.

The sweetness of life is not in wisdom.

The inexorable temper is likely to give up.

(c. 334 BC, Kition, Cyprus) - c. 262 BC e., Athens, Greece)

Ancient Greek philosopher, founder of the Stoic school.

Love is the desire for rapprochement, caused by the appearance of beauty.

One must live in accordance with nature, and this is the same as living in accordance with virtue.

A friend is our other self.

We have two ears and one mouth so that we listen more and talk less.

(480 BC, Greece - 406 BC, Ancient Macedonia)

Ancient Greek tragedian, representative of the new Attic tragedy.

You should not mourn the dead, but the one who is born for a hard struggle with the hardships of life.

Mouth swore; the mind is not bound by an oath.

Death itself is less painful than its expectation.

If you value your life, remember that others value theirs just as much.

True courage is caution.

The king must remember three things: that he governs the people, that he is obliged to govern them according to the laws, that he will not govern forever.

The title of a free man is dearest of all.

When a deity wants to punish a person, it first of all deprives him of his mind.

Who knows, maybe to live means to die, and to die means to live.

(c. 470 BC, Athens - 399 BC, Athens)

The ancient thinker, the first Athenian philosopher, whose teaching marks a turn in philosophy - from the consideration of nature and the world to the consideration of man.

I know that I don't know anything.

When the word does not hit, then the stick will not help.

I eat to live and other people live to eat.

Never prefer the stupidity of your own invention to sound advice.

Who is wise, he is kind.

It is better to work without a specific goal than to do nothing.

Speak so that I can see you.

Every person has a sun. Just let it shine.

This is surprising: every person can easily say how many sheep he has, but not everyone can say how many friends he has - they are so not worth it.

It is easier for people to keep a hot coal on their tongue than a secret.

It is better to die courageously than to live in shame.

An evil person harms others to no avail.

The best family is when the wife is blind and the husband is deaf.

Whether you marry or not, you will repent anyway.

Be sure to get married. If you get a good wife, you will become happy, and if you get a bad one, you will become a philosopher.

(c. 460 BC, Abders - 370 BC, Abders)

Ancient Greek philosopher, one of the founders of atomistics and materialistic philosophy.

Rich is he who is poor in desires.

Life without holidays is a long way without an inn.

To ask about the cause of things is the same as to seek the beginning of the infinite.

The word is the shadow of the deed.

Either nothing is true, or the true is unknown to us.

Let the woman not argue: it's terrible.

No thing comes into being without a cause, but everything comes into being on some basis and out of necessity.

Not the word, but misfortune is the teacher of fools.

Do not strive to know everything, so as not to be ignorant.

The beautiful is comprehended through study and great effort, the bad is assimilated by itself, without difficulty.

I consider free the one who hopes for nothing and is not afraid of anything.

Courage is the beginning, but chance is the master of the end.

Whoever got a good son-in-law, he got a son, and whoever got a bad one, he also lost his daughter.

(c. 440 BC, Athens - 365 BC, Athens)

Ancient Greek philosopher, founder and main theorist of Cynicism, one of the most famous Socratic schools.

What science is the most necessary? The science of forgetting the unnecessary.

All who strive for virtue are friends among themselves...

Better to fight among the few good people against many bad people than among many bad people against a few good ones.

One must stock up either with the mind in order to understand, or with a rope in order to hang oneself.

Do not neglect your enemies: they are the first to notice your mistakes.

A good person deserves love.

You need to get along with those women who themselves will be grateful for this.

(435 BC, Cyrene, Libya - 356 BC, Cyrene, Libya)

Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics

WORKBOOK

Module "Fundamentals of secular ethics"

Explanatory note

Educators teaching a new subject Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics knows perfectly well that course secured teaching aids for all modules, the publisher has produced a guide for parents and a reference guide for teachers.

The relevance of the inclusion of the presented workbook V educational process course "Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics" is the need to provide students with materials that organize themactivity on mastering the topics of the course, tk. they are not enough in the textbook.

The workbook is addressed to students in grade 4 studying the course "Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics" within module "Fundamentals of secular ethics".

The presented workbook includes various types of learning tasks: crossword puzzles, diagrams, tables, texts with gaps, texts (parables, poems, stories) for comprehension, etc.

The tasks in the workbook are arranged according to thematic planning hen. Assignments are not presented for all topics of the course, I hope that with the joint efforts of practicing teachers it will be possible to create a Workbook for the course of the ORKSE.

Lesson 1. Russia is our Motherland.

Exercise 1. Fill in the gaps in the sentences.

We live in a wonderful country, whose name is ___________________________________.

We lovingly call our country ______________________, because we were born and live in it.

The basic law of our state is _________________________.

The capital of Russia is the city of ____________________.

The head of our state is ______________________, currently this post is occupied by _________________________________________________.

The state symbols of Russia are ________________, ______________, _____________.

Task 2. Answer questions about the state symbols of Russia.

Coat of arms of Russia

Name the elements of the state emblem of the Russian Federation:

_________________________________

Flag of Russia

What do you think the colors of the Russian flag symbolize?

White color - _________________________________

Blue colour - _________________________________

Red color - _______________________________

Russian anthem

Russia is our sacred power,
Russia is our beloved country.
Mighty will, great glory -
Yours forever!

Chorus:
Hail, our free Fatherland,
Fraternal peoples age-old union,
Ancestors given the wisdom of the people!
Hail country! We are proud of you!

From the southern seas to the polar region
Our forests and fields are spread out.
You are the only one in the world! One you are -
Protected by God native land!
Chorus.

Wide scope for dreams and for life
The coming years open up to us.
Our loyalty to the Motherland gives us strength.
So it was, so it is, and so it will always be!

Music - _____________________________________

Text - ______________________________________

Underline in the text of the anthem the words that characterize our Motherland.

How do you feel when the national anthem is played?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 3. Crossword.

People power.

Basic law of the state?

Capital of Russia.

The first president of Russia.

One of the branches of power in Russia.

Task 4. Russia has official, state symbols: coat of arms, flag, anthem. Discuss with your parents what else can be a symbol of our great Motherland?

(natural object, city, building, person, literary hero, song, object, plant, animal, etc.)

Draw such a symbol of Russia

Briefly explain your choice. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 5. Before you is a map of Russia. Check the box where you live.

If long, long, long

In the plane we fly

If long, long, long

We look at Russia

We'll see then

Both forests and cities

ocean spaces,

Ribbons of rivers, lakes, mountains ...

We will see the distance without edge

Tundra where spring rings

And then you will understand what

Our country is big

Unforgettable country...

Task 6. Fill in the table "On the map of Russia". Ask your parents for help, use the physical map of Russia.

Task 7. There are more than a hundred nationalities living in our country. Every nation has its own language and culture. This is a great value. What nationalities live in your region? Write down ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 8. Together with your parents, name the traditions that exist in your family. Find out what values ​​underlie these traditions. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 2. What is secular ethics?

Exercise 1. Thinkers.

On Raphael's fresco "The School of Athens" we see two prominent ancient thinkers, allegedly arguing about philosophy. Who are they?

______________________________________________________________

Task 2. Dictionary

_____________________ - love of wisdom.

_____________________ - (Greek ethike, from ethos - custom, disposition, character), a philosophical science that studies morality, morality. The term was introduced by Aristotle. (IV century BC).

____________________ - not church, civil.

Task 3.

Check the illustrations (check the box) that depict people of secular professions.

Task 4. Check the illustrations (check the box) that depict secular buildings.

Task 5. What does secular ethics help a person to understand? (Use textbook when answering) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 3. Culture and morality.

Exercise 1. Dictionary.

___________________ – 1. The totality of mankind's achievements in industrial, spiritual and social terms. 2. Way of life, customs, traditions and beliefs, spiritual and material wealth of the peoples of the world.

___________________ - a set of ideas based on belief in miraculous, supernatural forces and beings.

Morality is the rules of conduct given by ethics.

Morality is an internal predisposition and the need to abide by these rules

Task 2. Together with your parents, make a set (list) of moral norms (rules) adopted in your family.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Task 3. In the 17th century, the Arab traveler Pavel of Aleppo arrived in Russia. Here is how he describes the features of life in Russia at that time.

“On holidays, everyone rushes to church, dressed up in their best clothes, especially women ... People pray in temples for six hours. All this time the people are on their feet. What endurance! Undoubtedly, all these people are saints!

Wine shops remain closed from Saturday to Monday. The same is true for major holidays.

Even peasants are called by patronymic.

Black bread is preferred over white bread.

Dogs are always fed meat and watered with milk. Therefore, when attacking a house, each dog is able to fight the crowd.

The wife, having brought food, sits at the same table with the men.

At Easter, everyone kisses, saying "Christ is risen!".

Muscovites trade is tough, this is trade of well-fed people. They say little when trading. When you try to bargain, they get angry. The price is the same throughout the market.

When we entered the hospital, because of the bad smell, we could not stay in this room to look at the patients. The king, however, approached each patient and kissed him on the head, mouth and hands - and so on to the last.

Read the document and discuss the following questions with your parents.

What features of Russian culture of the 17th century that so struck the Arab traveler are still alive?

Which of the above traditions can not be found?

Do you think this is good?

Lesson 4. Features of morality.

Exercise 1. Emphasize those qualities of a person that morality approves

Courage

Cowardice

Loyalty

Betrayal

Truthfulness

Sociability

Closure

Modesty

Generosity

Gloat

Generosity

Greed

Mercy

Politeness

Arrogance

Respect

neglect

Modesty

Fearlessness

Fortitude

Courage

friendliness

Indifference

deceitfulness

Lessons 5-6. Good and evil.

Exercise 1.

The beast gives birth

A bird gives birth to a bird

so that evil does not destroy you

Do good to love

From good - good

From evil - evil will be born

Too bad

good has found you

Don't do evil

But evil is done without difficulty,

Good is harder to do

Do good and evil always

In the power of all people.

who does no good to anyone

Task 2. Confidence

Responsibility

Brotherhood

Suggest your own version of the "decoding" of words

O____________ Z____________

B____________ L____________

R____________ O____________

Task 3. Read the story of Valentina Oseeva and answer the questions.

D
All women took water from the well. A third one approached them. And the old old man sat down on a pebble to rest. This is what one woman says to another:

My son is dexterous and strong, no one can cope with him.

What can you say about your son? her neighbors ask.

What can I say? the woman says. - There is nothing special about him.

So the women took full buckets and went. And the old man is behind them. Women go and stop. My hands hurt, water splashes, my back hurts.

Suddenly, three boys run out towards me.

One tumbles over his head, walks with a wheel - women admire him.

He sings another song, fills himself like a nightingale - his women listened.

And the third ran up to the mother, took heavy buckets from her and dragged them.

The women ask the old man:

Well? What are our sons?

Where are they? - answers the old man. - I only see one son!

How did the women feel when they talked about their sons? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Did they change after the old man's words?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What does it mean to be a good son (daughter)? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 4. What is the missing word in the line? underline

BADLY DISCOVERING MULTIPLE CRULITY FEROCITY

What concept unites these words? Write down ________________________

Task 5. What is the missing word in the line? Emphasize.

MERCY SOULNESS SENSITIVITY INDIFFERENCE HEART

What concept unites these words? Write it down. ________________________

Lessons 7-8. Virtue and vice.

Exercise 1. Dictionary.

_____________________ is a positive moral quality of a person.

_____________________ - a lack of moral, spiritual; everything that is contrary to truth and goodness; evil and falsehood as a property, quality of a person; any moral distortion; inclination to evil, to a bad life.

Task 2. Fill the gaps.

Conquer anger with gentleness

evil - ____________________,

greed - _______________,

lie - ___________________.

Task 3."Golden mean"

Virtue is in the middle between two vices: excess and deficiency. Define virtues:

Task 4. "Precious wisdom placer."

True ____________________ is caution.

Without prudence - only a special kind of cowardice.

Friendliness doubles _________________ and cuts _________________ in half.

Francis Bacon

Who wants to have, he himself must be friendly.

Task 5. The value of each person is determined by the value of the objects of his aspirations. (Marcus Aurelius).

How do you understand these words? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 6. Synonyms.

Choose synonyms for the word FRIENDLY ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Choose synonyms for the word COURAGE

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Choose synonyms for the word GENEROUS

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 9

Exercise 1. Read the story.

The whole class gathered at Sergey's birthday party. The children looked with interest at the paintings painted by Sergei's grandfather, the collection of miniature car models collected by his father. Friends had fun, danced, played forfeits. The evening flew by unnoticed.

A week later, two friends, Sergei's classmates, decided to go to the cinema. Vadim went for Kostya and saw a surprisingly familiar car on a shelf in the hallway. It was a bright red racing model, which he held in his hands not so long ago at Sergei's birthday party. Vadim hesitated and decided to ask a friend directly.

Answer the questions

What choice did Vadim face? _____________________________________________________________________________

What choice does Kostya have? _____________________________________________________________________________

How could this story end? Write the option you think is correct

Kostya confessed. The car was so good that he could not resist and appropriated it. He asked Vadim not to extradite him….

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 10

Task 1. In the work of A. Exupery "The Little Prince" the hero says the following words "We are responsible for those we have tamed."

Who are you responsible for? What is this responsibility? Does this responsibility limit your freedom?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 14

Exercise 1. Make up proverbs and sayings. Connect with a line.

old friend

Taste for color

better than the new two

Don't have a hundred rubles

no comrade

Friends are known

what is a tree without roots

Die yourself

and have a hundred friends

Man without friends

save a friend.

Task 2. How do you understand the meaning of the proverb?

Tell me who your friend is and I will tell you who you are.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 3. Read the poem by A. Barto and answer the question.

A friend reminded me yesterday

How much has done me good:

He gave me a pencil once

(I forgot my pencil case that day)

In the wall newspaper, almost in every one,

He mentioned me.

I fell and got wet -

He helped me dry.

It's for a dear friend

Didn't spare the pie

Once gave me a bite,

Now I've counted it.

And me to him guys

Something no longer attracts

Why was the friendship of the guys at risk? ____________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 4. Make up your friendship rules.

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

Task 5. There is nothing better and more pleasant in the world than friendship; to exclude friendship from life is the same as to deprive the world sunlight. Imagine that friendship is a magical flower with colorful petals. Write in the petals the ingredients of true friendship.

Z
assignment 6. When Crocodile Gena was looking for friends, he wrote an ad about it.

Write your ad about finding a friend, tell us such information about yourself so that you want to be friends with you! _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 15

Exercise 1. How do you understand the words of the ancient Chinese sage Confucius?

« Try to be at least a little kinder, and you will see that you will not be able to commit a bad deed. ”

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 2. Get acquainted with the rules for writing syncwine.

Cinquain is a poem that is written according to special rules.

In syncwine, rhyme is not needed, the main thing in it is rhythm. There are only five lines in the syncwine.

1 line ________ 1 word (noun)

Line 2 ________ ________ 2 words (sign adjective or participle)

Line 3 ________ ________ _______ 3 words (action - verbs)

4 line _______________________________________ phrase of 4-5 words

Line 5 __________ conclusion, emotion, summary (any part of speech)

For example:

happy, noisy

Learn, learn, explore

Children and teachers are always together!

Make a cinquain. The first word can be the words: morality, morality, good, evil, virtue, vice, freedom, justice, responsibility, altruism

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 3. Read the parable.

The boy was very fond of reading kind and clever fairy tales and believed everything that was written there. Therefore, he looked for miracles in life, but could not find anything in it that would be similar to his favorite fairy tales. Feeling somewhat disappointed in his search, he asked his mother if it was right that he believed in miracles. Or miracles do not happen in life?

My dear, - mother answered him lovingly, - if you try to grow up as a kind and good boy, then all the fairy tales in your life will come true. Remember that miracles are not sought - to kind people they come by themselves.

Have miracles happened in your life? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Ask the boy's question to your parents. What did they say? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 27

Exercise 1. Make up proverbs. Connect with a line.

Do yourself as you wish

silence is gold

Though not rich

look on business

To the village where the one-legged live

and guests are happy

The word is silver

road love

Don't judge by clothes

and away - as they say

Not an expensive gift -

you have to walk on one leg

Task 2. Let's "go" to the play with the heroine of the poem

A. Barto "In the theater".

When I was eight years old
I went to see the ballet.
We went with a friend, Any.
We took off our coats in the theater,
They took off their warm coats.
We are in the theater, in the locker room,
They handed out the numbers.
Finally, I'm in ballet!
I forgot everything in the world.
Even three times three
I wouldn't be able to now.
Finally I'm in the theater
How I was waiting for this.
I now see a fairy
In a white scarf and wreath.
I sit, I do not dare to breathe,
I have the number in my hand.
Suddenly the orchestra burst into the pipes,
Me and my girlfriend Any
They even shuddered a little.
Suddenly I see - there is no number.
Fairy spinning on the stage -
I don't look at the stage.
I rubbed my knees -
I can't find the number.
Maybe it's under a chair somewhere?
I don't feel like ballet now!
The trumpets are playing stronger
The guests are dancing at the ball.
Me and my girlfriend Any
Looking for a room on the floor.
He rolled off somewhere...
I crawl into the next row.
Guys wonder:
- Who's crawling down there?
A butterfly fluttered across the stage -
I didn't see anything:
I was looking for the number below
And finally found him.
And just then the light came on
And everyone left the room.
- I really like ballet, -
I told the guys.

Answer the questions.

Did the heroine see the performance? ____________________________________________________

What should have been done so as not to spoil the holiday for yourself and others? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task 3. Insert missing words.

Theater rules.

• The main rule is to come ________________. Come to the theater in minutes 20-30 .

  When you hear the bell, you should go to the hall and take your seats. The first to sit down are those who sit in _____________________ of the row, the rest need to wait.

  You have a seat in the middle of the row, but you lingered a little and now, having apologized, you must carefully go to the seat, turning _______________ to those sitting.

  If you were late and came with the start , then they would have to sit on any free seat and only after _____________ (break) sit down in your seat.

  You can not take _______________ seats in the theater!

  ____________ come to the theater dressed, because it's a holiday.

  Silence during the performance is the main rule. Before starting the action ______________ mobile phones.

  If you liked the performance, thank the artists _______________,

  Don't rush to get your coat in the closet, don't worry. The viewer, to whom the performance is dear, will wait until the curtain falls for the last time.

  Throughout your stay in the theater, be mutually ____________________ and attentive, and then you will have the most pleasant impressions of this holiday - visiting the theater.

sandwiches

intermission

applause

middle

disable

Task 4. Make a memo "How to behave ______________________"

(in transport, at a party, in a cafe, at school, etc.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Informational resources used in compiling the workbook:

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language Ushakov