How to open your own transport company from scratch. How to open a transport company: step-by-step implementation. Where and how to open a transport company

What business can be considered the most popular among ordinary people today? What can you do without organizing an individual entrepreneur, LLC, etc.? Which services and sales are most in demand among the population? Even offhand, one can name dozens, or even hundreds, of similar projects. It will take months of work to describe each business idea in detail. We decided to start with the projects that are closest to the common man, based on minimum investment for their implementation, and today we present to your attention a business plan for cargo transportation.


Almost anyone can start their own business today. It doesn't matter if you have cash, “useful” acquaintances, space for organizing a business, and so on - the main thing is that the desire appears. It is goal setting and sufficient motivation, in our opinion, that are the main driving forces that gradually allow you to achieve success - personal and financial. Therefore, remember - everything depends on you!

Summary

This project represents the organization of a transport company with a payback period of 4-8 months of the year.

Project goals:

  1. creation of a highly profitable enterprise
  2. organization of obtaining a stable profit
  3. satisfying the consumer market demand for transportation services of goods of various volumes and weights.

Project funding source: own funds, or bank loan

Form of doing business: IP

Total cost of the project: 200,000 - 1,000,000 rubles

Payback period: 4-8 months

Interest rate included in calculations: 25%

The total interest payments will be:

The investor's income will be: 15-35 thousand - 100-175 thousand rubles

Payments of loan funds and interest on the loan will begin from the first month of project implementation.

General characteristics of the project (description of the company and services provided)

The transport company is designed to transport various goods to the place specified by the Customer. Large transportation companies own a substantial fleet of various vehicles, from road to river and rail. The specialization of such large organizations can be both in communications within the country and in international transport.

The high demand for services of this type causes enormous competition in this area, and therefore the price “ entrance ticket“This business is prohibitively high. Today, large companies provide the following basic services for transportation and related issues:

  • domestic and international cargo transportation road transport;
  • transportation by rail;
  • air transportation;
  • combined transport, called intermodal and multimodal – involving two or more types of different transport;
  • terminal cargo handling in warehouses;
  • assistance with customs clearance of goods and customs consultations;
  • cargo insurance
  • logistics services, consulting, and auditing.

This is not a complete list of all services provided by large transport companies.

Of course, such “giants” will not look for a sample cargo transportation business plan on the Internet, so the presented standard business plan aimed at the common man - individual entrepreneur, running on a regular GAZelle, or, at most, having one or more trucks.

As the statistics of requests in search engines a business plan for cargo transportation by gazelle today is in great demand among Internet users. Having a small truck automatically puts into the mind of its owner the idea of ​​how you can make money with your car. Some business ideas for making money using a personal car can be found in this.

So, what can a GAZelle owner offer his clients? Firstly, this is cargo transportation from 1 kilogram to 3.5 tons (limitation of the vehicle’s carrying capacity). The lower load limit is most often indicated exclusively in marketing purposes, but it also happens that Customers actually ask to deliver an important parcel of light weight within a specified time frame to a specified location.

GAZelle also has restrictions on the height (1.5 or 2 meters) and length (2.5, 3, or 4 meters) of the body. There are also other dimensions of these machines, but, as a rule, these are the ones used in private cargo transportation.

Owners of trucks, like Volvo, MAN, KAMAZ trucks, and others, due to the large size of their vehicles and their greater carrying capacity, receive orders for more “serious transportation”, which, accordingly, cost several times more.

IN Lately Many truck owners often work under a contract with large trucking companies, or by purchasing their franchise. Among such large transport organizations, the franchises of which are the most popular include:

  • "Gruzovozoff";
  • "Auto trading";
  • "Business Line";
  • "PEC".

Who is in demand for cargo transportation using GAZelles and trucks?

If the main contingent of clients of large transport companies are legal entities - companies, firms, corporations, then in our case it is necessary to focus on ordinary people who most often require the following types of cargo transportation:

  • transportation of furniture in connection with moving to another house, region, city (by the way, this is the most popular service);
  • transporting livestock to farmers;
  • delivery of large purchases from stores;
  • shipping building materials;
  • office relocations of small companies.

It is precisely these types of cargo transportation that are “uninteresting” to large companies, due to their “pettiness,” and are unprofitable for clients who are not willing to pay a high price for a service that is simple in their opinion.

Options for accompanying transportation services include loading/unloading cargo, lifting it to the floor, and bringing it into a house/apartment. The possibility of organizing a car shop on the basis of the GAZelle is also interesting. Read more about this. Focusing on the most popular services in your locality, you need to equip the car frame with either a body with an awning, or put a van, container on it, simply extend the sides, or something else.

Truck owners often enter into agreements with logistics companies for the transportation of their goods, large agricultural enterprises (who among us has not seen trucks full of watermelons, potatoes, cabbage, and other fruits and vegetables on the roads?). Many truck owners hire drivers to transport their vehicles, and automatically upgrade their status to the owner of a transport company.

Of course, the best option for cargo carriers would be to travel along the same route, and this happens quite often. Both car owners and companies using their services prefer to deal with trusted people who have proven themselves on the positive side.

In this case, you can even work on prepayment, if another form of payment is not preferable.

Where to look for orders for cargo transportation?

Just a few years ago, on the busiest sections of highways, in clusters of large wholesale warehouses and warehouses, there were special parking areas for trucks and small trucks, which spent time there waiting for orders for transportation. Today, with the development of the Internet and the availability of mobile and radio communications, the need for such parking lots has disappeared.

It is enough to make one call and indicate the necessary parameters of the car for transportation and the desired cost, and in a short time they will find you a suitable car. Dispatchers who take calls may not necessarily work in the same company as the drivers, but simply have a verbal agreement. Often the dispatcher does not have his own transport for transportation, and only receives/transmits orders.

Market analysis

In order not to make a mistake with the type of cargo transportation and to have an advantage over competitors, and the competition in this business is very fierce, and truck drivers are very difficult people, it is necessary to analyze the local transportation structure. Tools for research can be: mass media and the Internet. As a rule, in the central part of Russia, private carriers account for 5 to 10% of all orders. This, of course, is not so much, but since all carriers have enough orders, we can conclude that the volume of orders is quite high.

Marketing plan

A well-drafted business plan for cargo transportation must contain a mandatory study of the dynamics of the volume of these services over the past few years, criteria that contribute to an increase in demand for cargo transportation, and other analytical studies. But, probably, the owner of the GAZelle, for whom the main thing is to get more expensive orders, such information is completely useless.

Therefore, we decided to limit ourselves to really useful information on attracting clients. The following can serve as customer search tools:

  • advertisements in local newspapers, magazines, and television;
  • publishing announcements on city Internet portals and specialized forums;
  • sticker of advertisements on the car;
  • distribution of business cards and small advertising brochures;
  • creating your own website, group on social networks.

Unlike some other types of business, where the greatest revival occurs in the spring-summer period, for cargo carriers the “crisis” most often occurs in the fall. It is at this time that many people rush to complete what they did not manage to finish on time.

The main rule that you need to take as the basis of your business is the provision of high-quality services. The client must be completely confident that his cargo will be delivered within the specified time frame, safe and sound. Unfortunately, few large transport companies can achieve this. Therefore, “private owners” have a slight advantage in this regard.

Production plan

What does a beginning carrier need? First of all, it is a vehicle. If we are talking about a GAZelle, then today’s prices are such that a new car will cost about a million rubles. 2-3 year old - 500-600 thousand. However, many people do not pay attention to such problems and purchase cars that are 8-9 years old for the purpose of cargo transportation.

After appropriate repairs carried out by skillful hands, and most car owners have the necessary skills, the “reborn” GAZelle is capable of driving around our homeland a couple of dozen more times, as they say, without looking under the hood.

The issue of a garage is also resolved quite simply, and many car owners generally prefer to leave their cars near the house. For trucks, of course, there will be space only in the parking lot.

You will also need some electronic equipment:

  • firstly, this is a walkie-talkie, which has recently gained great popularity among truck drivers, who at a certain frequency inform each other about incidents on the road, etc.;
  • the second necessary item is a navigator, which allows you to plot the optimal route to the end point;
  • radar detector - will always warn you in time about the traffic police crew ahead or the installed video camera;
  • DVR - will allow you to prove your innocence in an accident or other unpleasant situations on the road.

Organizational plan

Business registration

To make your work easier, you can create standard contracts with clients for the transportation of goods, where to specify all possible nuances - downtime due to the fault of the customer or the party receiving the cargo, the possibility of prepayment, etc.

Conclusion

This business plan for organizing cargo transportation does not pretend to be detailed guide on opening a transport company, but the information gleaned from it is quite enough to implement a project to create a small private company providing transport services.

Here you will learn about the cargo transportation business, how to open it, start it, and you can download an example plan for organizing this business.

Having your own business and working for your own profit is an idea that can appeal to anyone. But just what kind of business should I start? If you have the right to drive a car of category “C” and “B”, then the answer suggests itself. You can organize a service specializing in cargo transportation. In order to open cargo transportation, you need to draw up detailed business plan your future enterprise, an example of which is presented below.

Where to start and how to open your own business

For many, the expression “I want to do cargo transportation” is the key point in starting a business, but it’s not enough to just wish, because you also need to know how to start cargo transportation from scratch and open your own business the right way.

Your Jedi path should look like this:

  1. Drawing up a business plan.
  2. Drawing up all necessary contracts and agreements.
  3. Purchase of transport and, if necessary, special equipment: gazelles, trucks, Kamaz trucks, etc.
  4. Registration of a cargo transportation business - opening an individual entrepreneur.
  5. Renting an office (if needed).
  6. Hiring work force(if needed).
  7. Advertising your business.

How to open an individual entrepreneur

Of course, if you have any large organization, then you will have to open an LLC. But if you decide to engage in small cargo transportation, i.e. have not a large number of trucks, gazelles and personnel (or even do everything yourself), then you need to register as an individual entrepreneur. It's very simple.

How to open an individual entrepreneur for cargo transportation:

  1. It is necessary to prepare a standard package of documents:
  2. Pay the state fee.
  3. Submit an application to the tax office, in which you need to indicate passport data, contact phone number, activity code according to OKVED - for cargo transportation code 60.24. Depending on the number of activities, there may be several codes. They are all located nearby.

You can do all this either yourself, or provide a power of attorney to your representative, which he has done for you.

Business plan

Project overview section

IN this section the goal of the project is indicated, which means the creation of the enterprise itself, which will provide cargo transportation services on medium-sized commercial transport.

The organization’s work scheme includes the dispatcher receiving an order for cargo transportation, then transferring the order to the driver and, accordingly, its execution by the latter. The enterprise must be focused on consumer demand, i.e. of people.

Description of the enterprise

Cargo transportation will be carried out by a separate entrepreneur. In this case it is the most best option, which allows you to reduce the tax burden on the organization and minimize accounting. In the event that an entrepreneur carries out cargo transportation with less than 20 vehicles, then the single tax for temporary income.

Freight market analysis

Before starting your own business, it is worth conducting an analysis of the market segment. Freight transportation is no exception here. Opening the local press, you will see that there are not many advertisements offering this type of service. Therefore, it is worth first finding out:

  • who is your future competitor;
  • what vehicles he uses to transport cargo;
  • who are its clients, what kind of cargo does it transport;
  • what is the cost of the services he provides?

After analyzing all this data, you can find out how to proceed next.

If, after analyzing the cargo transportation market, you have not given up on the idea of ​​opening own business, then next you need to develop an action plan for marketing and attracting customers. It must necessarily include the development, placement and distribution of advertising for the enterprise and freight transportation services in the media. It would also be useful to distribute advertising leaflets, hand out business cards in those stores that sell building materials, household appliances, furniture. You can think over a system of discounts for regular customers.

Enterprise production plan

Before the full operation of the enterprise begins, it is worth purchasing several vehicles on which cargo transportation will be carried out. You can take, for example, 1-2 GAZelles. You will also need to rent boxes for storing and parking your cars.

When you are just starting your business, you can refuel your car at the retail price at a gas station. If things go well and you want to expand your fleet for cargo transportation, you can enter into an agreement with a gas station, according to which fuel will be purchased at a more favorable price.

As for personnel, you will need 1 driver, 1 dispatcher. The entrepreneur himself can act as a second driver. Accounting Cargo transportation can be handled by a company specializing in this. You will also need two or three loaders. It is better to agree with them on a piece rate.

Enterprise expenses

Below is a list of estimated expenses (in rubles):

  • Purchase of cars - 1,000,000
  • Rent of office space (per month) - 10,000
  • Box rental - 10,000
  • Fuel and lubricants - 40,000
  • Payroll fund - 30,000
  • Advertising - 10,000
  • Other expenses - 20,000
  • Total - 1,120,000

From the data it is clear that to organize a cargo transportation service you will need a starting capital of 1120 thousand rubles.

Income

On average, a freight transportation service earns about 150 thousand rubles per month using two cars. Net proceeds will be about 50 thousand. It turns out that you can achieve self-sufficiency within 2 years. If cars are leased, the payback period is reduced to 3-4 months.

The transport business is becoming increasingly popular, both among consumers and in the business environment. The demand for these services is constantly growing, and due to the development of online commerce, transport companies have many new regular customers. Becoming the owner of a transport company is not the easiest task, since this type of activity has a high threshold for entry and experience in freight forwarding and logistics companies. How to open transport company from scratch for a beginner?

Logistics, as a business, has undoubted advantages over most other types of activity. The transport company does not require licenses and is considered strong in financially and has less risk of going bankrupt. In this regard, quite fierce competition has developed in this environment, and a newcomer to this market will need a competent approach and the ability to make decisions quickly and effectively.

Business registration


Before you open a transport company for the transportation of goods, you need to settle legal formalities. This type entrepreneurship requires registration of a legal entity, or PBOYUL ( entrepreneurial activity without forming a legal entity).

Opening a closed joint stock company or open joint stock company is a promising option that will allow you to seriously expand. But these forms require the preparation of many certificates and permitting documents. PBOYUL will have to pay additional taxes. Therefore, a more profitable and convenient option is an LLC.

To resolve all formalities for registering a transport business in the form of an LLC, it is recommended to contact specialists who will eliminate long queues, errors and misunderstandings. It is important to remember that an LLC requires a Charter, start-up capital and a bank account.

Selecting a room

When forming a new LLC, a lease agreement must be concluded with the owner of the premises - the office address must become the legal address of the enterprise. In addition to the office, storage space will be required.

The premises do not need luxurious renovation, but they should still look decent. An important requirement is compliance with fire and sanitary inspection standards. The office is the face of the company, so it needs a presentable appearance and a stylish interior.

Warehouses are clean and dry, equipped with showers and eating areas. Statistics show that the success of opening a freight transport company is 70% dependent on warehouse workers. Therefore, their working conditions must be provided with proper comfort.

Equipment


The transport business needs new, high-quality equipment. Not only the success of the company, but also the safety of employees depends on this. Low-quality or used equipment often runs the risk of falling into disrepair and increasing the entrepreneur’s expenses.

Necessary equipment and special equipment for a transport company warehouse:

  • rokla - one for each warehouse worker;
  • forklift – one per warehouse;
  • consumables - tape, stretch tape, etc.

Cars for cargo transportation are expensive transport. It is more profitable to start a business by negotiating with car owners. It is convenient if the owner of the vehicle agrees to work as a driver on it. For an entrepreneur, this means less responsibility, since the driver-owner of the car will be responsible for all possible damage or loss of cargo on the road.

Office equipment

In addition to the warehouse, it is necessary to take a responsible approach to office work. This room performs not only a representative function for clients. The office should house dispatchers who will monitor the work of drivers. For control rooms and for receiving clients, the premises will require:

  • computers and office equipment;
  • tables and chairs;
  • landline and mobile phones. It is desirable to have 2 fixed lines;
  • walkie-talkie for communication with drivers.

Company personnel


Opening a freight transport company from scratch is not an easy task. It’s good if the entrepreneur has experienced employees on his staff who can give advice and take on some of the management functions. You can also assign different functions to some workers, so that at first you can limit yourself to a small staff. It is important not to overdo it with diversity, so as not to reduce the effectiveness of employees.

The company will require the following employees on a permanent basis:

  • Dispatcher – 2 people. Dispatchers take orders, issue vouchers for drivers, and keep in touch with them during trips.
  • Drivers - 2 people per car if long trips are planned. Drivers must have the required driving categories and have experience driving trucks.
  • Mechanic - one person on staff. His task is to service cars and special equipment.
  • Warehouse worker – 2 people.
  • Advertising manager - to find clients and promote the company.
  • An accountant – in this case, is required regularly; consulting services will cost more. The accountant's responsibilities include accrual wages employees.

How to get clients?

A business such as a freight transport company is itself popular and in demand among clients. But at the initial stage, the business will need promotion. The Internet is now recognized as the main way to disseminate information about the provision of services. How to offer your services online:

  • create your own website;
  • place advertisements on free bulletin boards;
  • monitor online demand for freight transportation services;
  • send letters with commercial offers to addresses potential clients.

Costs and payback


As a business, a transport company requires serious start-up capital. Before you start opening a business, you should carefully calculate all possible expenses. These include:

  • rental and renovation of premises;
  • Payment of utility services;
  • staff salaries;
  • purchase necessary equipment;
  • purchase of spare parts for special equipment;
  • payment of taxes;
  • gasoline and other automotive fluids.

Without purchasing vehicles for transportation, the average cost of starting a business will be at least 1,200 thousand rubles. Purchasing vehicles will significantly increase these costs. In addition, experts say that a faster payback from the transport business of transporting goods can be expected when renting cars.

Income

The profitability of a business depends on the number of cars in the fleet and the availability of orders. With proper business promotion, right organized work and minimized losses, the average profit from one machine per month will be 30 thousand rubles. If you have 2 cars, the business will pay off no earlier than in 1.5 - 2 years. The profitability of the business is recognized as high: it amounts to up to 40% of total revenue.

Russia is a large country that requires the supply of a large number of goods and services to its various points, separated by vast distances. Consequently, passenger and freight transportation services are in demand, which makes the transport business very profitable. The formation of the structure of this business began with the country’s transition to market economy. This area currently employs about 20% working population Russia.

The road network in the country is continuously growing, which contributes to the development of transport business. In addition, cargo transportation has now become safer than, say, in the 90s, which cannot but attract entrepreneurs. This makes cargo delivery easier and cheaper. This area of ​​business is developing despite the unstable economy of the country, which is a positive factor for investment.

Business organization

Before you open a company providing freight transportation services from scratch, you need to decide on the type of future enterprise and the type of transport required for this. If you plan to provide services individuals, such as delivery of furniture, household appliances, moving assistance, etc., then you will need light-duty trucks (load capacity up to 7 tons).

If you want to open large company To provide services to legal entities (shops, wholesale warehouses) in Russia or neighboring countries, you will need trucks with trailers, trucks, refrigerators. To open a company providing services industrial enterprises, dump trucks, tractors and long vehicles are used. There is also the option of an intermediary company that searches for orders. Such a company does not require its own transport.

The next step when opening a transport company from scratch is choosing a legal form. If the company has one founder, then the individual entrepreneur form is ideal for it. For a company with several founders, it is better to choose a legal form such as LLC.

The form of taxation of your company will depend on the types of services provided and the amount of transport available. If your company has up to 20 cars and provides services to individuals, then the optimal type of taxation will be UTII. For transport companies providing services to industrial enterprises, you should choose the 3NDFL tax regime. For limited liability companies, a general tax regime is chosen. Intermediary transport companies can apply either a general or simplified tax regime.

When starting a business such as a transport company from scratch, you should remember that it is mandatory to open a bank account, even if you plan to provide services to individuals. Legal entities work mainly on non-cash payments, so they will not enter into a contract with a company that does not have a bank account.

Another important point is the selection of personnel for your company. Opening transport company from scratch, you will need to hire drivers, the number of which depends on the number of cars and work schedule.

With round-the-clock operation, one car will require up to 3 drivers. The number of dispatchers depends on the number of cars and type of services. For companies with more than 5 cars, a car mechanic will be required. It is advisable to hire an accountant in a company that has more than 10 cars under the general taxation regime.

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How to make your trucking business successful?

The success of your business directly depends on the number of clients, so finding them is one of the most important tasks of a businessman.

When starting a business from scratch, you should take care of good advertising for your company. For quality and quick search The following types of advertising will help you with clients: posting advertisements around the city, advertising your company on the Internet sites of your city and region, in newspapers and magazines, placing advertisements in furniture stores and hardware stores. Dispatch companies can also help you find clients.

If your company works with legal entities, then you can send commercial offers your services with prices to a certain range of companies. Currently, large enterprises hold tenders, in which your company must offer optimal conditions to win. In addition, you should enter into contracts with large dispatch firms.

When opening a transport company, you should remember that clients first of all pay attention to the quality of services, so starting such a business from scratch is quite difficult, regardless of whether it is urban, intercity or international cargo transportation. The profitability of your business depends on the literacy of your company's employees. The simplest option for a transport business is to provide customers with vehicles for rent.

The quality of the purchased transport determines the future profit of your company. Trucks from Mercedes, Peugeot, Ford, and Hyundai are best suited for this business. Such cars, although they are more expensive, last longer than inexpensive domestic cars. A couple of hackneyed “Gazelles” and “Bulls” are unlikely to bring you much income.