2005 year. Several years have passed since I graduated from university, and I still haven’t found any meaningful use for it. I am a historian by profession, but history did not interest me. However, from his youth, he more than once noticed his interest in commerce, managerial impulses and all kinds of financial schemes. While still studying at the university, I created the Youth public organization“Our Choice” under the Youth Affairs Committee of the city of N (later they even prepared me for the position of Chairman of the Youth Affairs Committee). However, something with social activities At that moment I was not full, and the desired Mercedes did not appear either (I had a very strong passion for the automotive industry since childhood).

And then one day, driving along the Moscow-St. Petersburg highway on an autumn day, I noticed a crazy a large number of trucks flying along the road. Apparently, at that moment the idea came to me to do automobile business, more precisely, a business related to cargo transportation. I immediately opened the Internet, magazines, newspapers, in short, I was looking for information about what kind of business this is and what it is used for! In the end, I realized one thing - that I didn’t understand anything, besides, this business is carried out either by the former heads of the “Sovdep ATP”, who fell into their hands during the “times of general division”, or by criminal structures. Somehow at that moment my enthusiasm diminished, but my interest did not disappear, I would even say it increased. I even had to go to the highway and talk to the drivers, saying, well, I want to buy a truck. Over the next two to three months I studied the type of business and worked out the math of this project. I found out that there are two types of this “transportation” business. The first is when you went, bought yourself a truck, put the driver in the driver’s seat, sent him on a flight and you sit there, waiting for him to bring you a lot of money for the trips he has taken (this is how I told it in a simplified version). This option was somehow not very suitable for me, since I didn’t have the money to buy myself a used Mercedes, which I so dreamed of, let alone a truck! But somehow I immediately liked the second type of this business. I thought, this is my topic! It consisted of the following... All these truck owners, after all, turn to someone for cargo, are looking for cargo in order to load the truck and transport the cargo? That’s right, they are looking for and finding all sorts of different dispatchers (although there were several tens of thousands of them in Russia). The dispatcher's task is to find someone who needs to transport their cargo, and to find someone who can transport it. True, there are still many details and subtasks for the dispatcher, but... more on that later. It was in this simple formula “out of thin air” that a small but frequent profit was formed from each flight. And the more trucks you load and the more often they drive back and forth, the greater and greater the profit.

As a result, I borrowed 50 thousand rubles from a friend. I registered an LLC (RUB 7,000), rented an office for a month (RUB 8,000), bought a computer, fax and printer (RUB 20,000) and, of course, connected to the Internet. I left the rest of the money as a reserve, you never know!

First work day. I'm sitting and surfing the Internet. I don’t understand what I’m looking for there. I browse various sites (specialized ones, of course). By that time, I already had contacts of several drivers who agreed that if I had any cargo (for good money), they would be ready to transport it. So I’m sitting on the Internet, rummaging around, so to speak, looking for clients. And suddenly, I accidentally end up on a site in which there is a large list of these drivers themselves and the clients themselves, and even all the contacts are available, however, for money (the guys who came up with that site, thank you very much, I will never forget you!).

As a result, I paid a couple of thousand from my current account, received 30-day access to contacts... and off I went! This is where my work began. I call some, offer cargo, call others, offer transport. And so from 8:00 to 18:00 every day. And I’m not the only one, there are thousands of them online all over Russia. After 18:00 I make all sorts of lists (now these are databases) of drivers and customers who are at least somehow interested in my proposals. True, sometimes I had to fib, like the trucks were mine. Otherwise, who would work with me? You'd think it was just another intermediary! Even though I was like that at that time. Well, what to do, it was worth starting somewhere.

As a result, in the first week I shipped about 8 cars and earned 12,000 rubles, in the second another 12 cars, and so on... in a month I paid off the “debt” 50 thousand rubles and was very pleased! With accounting and reporting, thank God, my mother helped, she is an experienced accountant.

I work and work, and in the middle of the second month I contact one customer who ships a lot of cars per day with his products. I'm calling. I suggest. I'm getting kicked off. Like, they say, “We have a ton of our own carriers, we haven’t had enough of you here yet!” Okay, I think you’re not the only one in Russia. And I forget about them. Fortunately, this business allows you to cover a large geography, as long as you have a telephone and the Internet. Then I found a couple more small customers and so little by little, “one by one,” the money seemed to start appearing.

Several weeks pass, it is already approaching the New Year. And then the call. A representative of the plant that “knocked me off” calls and says that they don’t have enough cars before the new year, and they started delivering products to a new region and did not have time to develop connections with local carriers. They ask for help. Of course, I'm not a vindictive guy! I agreed. But the representative says that we need to meet and discuss the nuances. I agree, meaning by this an official acquaintance and the conclusion of a written contract with a price agreement. In principle, this is exactly what happened, although in my office, and not at the customer’s plant (which surprised me a little). And it was not for nothing that this surprised me, since at the end of the conversation I was told that the cost of each transportation for which I agreed should be increased by 1000 rubles, and this amount should be transferred to this representative personally and monthly as a reward for the contract and support provided For all questions. I took a couple of days to think about it. After consulting with “experienced people,” I came to the conclusion “apparently everyone works this way.”

The customer really turned out to be a very serious client; I supplied 8-10 cars a day to just one of his plants with a profit of 2,000 rubles. And there were three factories. By that time, I had already hired a deputy, an accountant, a couple of dispatch managers and a secretary-operator. The work was in full swing. I am constantly on the road, meeting with new clients, carriers, constantly discussing transportation directions, rates, resolving controversial issues, etc. In short, what I dreamed of, real business activity! Everything was going great, new areas of business were added, and we even had to move the entire business to Moscow. Of course, with most of the staff. The move to Moscow was accompanied by emotional joy. Buying an apartment, a car, renting a beautiful and spacious office in a modern business center. In short, life got better!

The business also grew, the company became recognizable in its field. Among the main clients by that time there were already Wimm-Bill-Dann, Russian Alcohol, Rossstekloprom, Russian Aluminum, etc.

With Wimm-Bill-Dann in general interesting story happened. For a very long time they refused to cooperate with us in the field of freight transportation. And I annoyed them so much that they could no longer see me, unless I spent the night with them. As a result, I was very familiar with the logistics department and its boss, who would not mind working with us, but there were no instructions from above, therefore, there was no contract. As a result, after two months I “lured” almost the entire transport department and the boss to my company. Of course, for very good money. And literally three days later I received a call from the management that almost their entire transport department had quit and there was no one to deal with the supply of transport. As a result, my guys were now busy supplying transport to their former plant. As you understand, I and now my employees had no problems with this. True, all this was revealed four months later, in the end they were offered an even more favorable salary, and they changed employers again. Although what was to be expected, since they came so easily, they should have left just as easily. But I drew a lot of conclusions from this situation. First of all, I was closely involved in the staff and their motivation, so that in the future employees would not easily leave me.

So 2006-2007 passed, then 2008 ended, and by the end of the year I felt something was wrong. In some strange way, clients began to pay for services, or rather, I would say, they stopped paying at all. And....here comes the CRISIS!

Back in August 2008, our company created a new direction, or rather, new relationships with financial institutions. Title of the area: “Management of illiquid transport assets of banks and leasing companies.” We understood perfectly well that problems in the banking sector would, first of all, affect our company. By that time, we were planning to expand our truck fleet and were preparing for a deal with the leasing company “N” to purchase 40 units of vehicles. The contract value was about 4.8 million euros. Preparation and verification took about two months, then the leasing company requested additional documents, and the review dragged on for several more months. As a result, when everything was agreed upon, and we were even given a positive decision from the credit committee with the management’s signature and seal, and we were ready to make an advance payment, this leasing company sends us a notice of suspension of financing, because the head office (in Europe) was not ready for financing. It became clear that if everything is so vague with the leasing company “N”, what can we do with the others! Then it was decided to start working with the banking sector under the program “Management of Illiquid Transport Assets”. By that time, the crisis had greatly affected the cargo transportation industry, and many companies that failed to prepare for cost optimization measures and develop an anti-crisis strategy began to go bankrupt. Since our company mainly works with single-customers (where at least 30 regional shipments are made from the client every day), we were prepared for the harsh conditions of competition.

Leased property was confiscated and returned to creditors on a daily basis. Banks and leasing companies had no idea what to do with it, sell it? And to whom? All car showrooms and dealers themselves cannot sell their equipment.

We approached banks and leasing companies with an offer to manage these trucks. Our lawyers and financiers have developed several management options. Basically, we bet that when managing the illiquid assets of banks and leasing companies, their balance of payments remains positive (we pay for debtors), overdue payments are significantly reduced, and assets are redeemed at the end of the year at residual value by our company. These measures allowed many banks and leasing companies to free themselves from illiquid (problem) assets.

This direction of “Management of illiquid transport assets” allowed our company to avoid risky investments, adapt to the crisis liquidity of transport assets and create the necessary fleet of vehicles, which is one of the most important competitive advantages in the field of road freight transport.

Briefly, but this is one of the options for how we solved the shortage problem financial resources to increase the park.

How to open transport company– features of doing business + step by step process project implementation + financial plan+ how to attract clients.

Capital investments: from 9,340,000 rubles
Payback period: 3 years

Nowadays, there is quite fierce competition in many areas, which forces many entrepreneurs to look for new areas for investing their own funds.

But it is important to find a stable and in-demand niche that will not let you down even in times of crisis.

And a striking example of this is our own.

This area is relevant at any time, since many manufacturers and consumers need transportation and delivery of goods for various purposes.

It is best to start such a business if you have experience in a similar field, as well as if you have and are willing to invest large sums of money.

If you are interested in implementing such an idea, then let's find out.

Let's consider the main nuances of running such a business and calculate how much investment needs to be prepared.

Features of running a transport business

To organize a competitive and profitable business, you need to plunge into the idea headlong.

Here, as in any other area of ​​entrepreneurship, it is important to have certain knowledge.

First of all, the activity is related to logistics, that is, with the construction of the optimal route for the movement of goods.

And for this it is necessary that these 6 indicators reunite:

• cargo;
• time;
• place;
• quantity;
• quality;
• minimum transportation costs.

For this reason, any transport company must have a forwarding department, whose specialists can build a route and then track it.

It is also worth highlighting key points related to how to open a transport company:

• First of all, it is worth saying that the chosen line of activity is not subject to licensing;
• among companies operating in this area, there is the smallest number of bankruptcies;
• when choosing a forwarding scheme, capital investments will be relatively small;
• business is associated with many risks and force majeure - weather conditions, road accidents, possible transport breakdowns.

Types of transport companies

At the first stage of how to open a transport company, you need to decide on its type.

And only then, depending on the chosen format of activity, it is necessary and.

So, you can provide cargo transportation:

for individuals.

Most often they operate within one settlement or suburb, and work with medium and small cargo;

for legal entities.

Such companies serve wholesale companies and deliver goods throughout the country and even neighboring countries;

for various manufacturers.

They work with the industrial sector, so they must have a specialized fleet of dump trucks and tractors;

specialized direction.

Some carriers may only transport food, water, construction materials or anything else;

groupage cargo.

This direction involves the joint dispatch of several cargoes, which should be received by different recipients.

As a rule, transportation is carried out over long distances and may extend beyond the country.

Choosing a work plan for a transport company

Regardless of what type of cargo transportation is chosen, transport companies can operate according to two schemes:

have your own vehicle fleet

You can organize work by purchasing a truck or leasing it for a long time.

To realize this idea, you need to have large sums of money.

offer forwarding services

The point of running such a business is to be an intermediary between the customer and transport drivers.

For the provision of dispatcher services, the company takes a percentage, from which the profit is generated.

This option can be implemented with minimal investment, because you don’t need to buy cars.

Which one should I choose?

The first option is suitable for those who do not want to depend on anyone: you have your own cars and hire drivers, thereby dictating the working conditions yourself.

It is advisable to implement the second option if there are connections with drivers who have personal vehicles.

But in this case, you will have to adapt to both the clients and the owners themselves. trucks mobiles.

Step-by-step process on how to open a transport company

Now you can move on to answering the question of how to open a transport company.

In this matter, it is necessary to follow a clear sequence of actions.

First of all, you need to take care to come up with a memorable name for the future company and properly register the business.

At this same stage, it is worth deciding on the work scheme, because both directions are fundamentally different from each other.

When deciding to have your own fleet of vehicles, you need to purchase freight transport and equip a garage.

For credibility, it is worth renting an office where you can receive clients who want to enter into long-term contracts.

Then you need to select personnel who will take orders and build traffic routes.

An important step is to find clients, because without them the business will simply fail. The larger the customer base, the higher the income. It will also allow it to expand over time.

Business registration and registration

The choice of the legal form in which to open a transport company is influenced by many factors:

• work format: an individual entrepreneur is suitable for creating a dispatch service - if you have your own fleet of vehicles;
• number of founders: Individual entrepreneur is for one person, and LLC is for several;
• provision of services for individuals or legal entities: in the first case, an individual entrepreneur is suitable, and in the second, an LLC, since organizations want to cooperate with VAT payers;
• desire to expand< : if it does not exist, then it is enough to open an individual entrepreneur, and if there is, then only create a legal entity.

I would also like to focus your attention on creating a unique name.

It is important that it contains something that will indicate the transport company: “auto”, “express”, “trans” and the like.

To open a transport company as an individual entrepreneur, you will need to provide the following documents:

• statement;
• passport;

But you will have to tinker with the creation of a legal entity:

• statement;
• name confirmed by Rospatent;
• constituent documents;
• copies of founders’ documents;
• certificate of opening a bank account;
• a receipt indicating that the state fee has been paid.

To open a transport company dealing international transportation, you must obtain a license.

If the traffic routes will be carried out within the country, then this is not necessary.

Otherwise you will need to provide:

• documents for vehicles that will travel abroad;
• driver documents - driving licenses and health records;
• document confirming business registration;
• contract concluded for vehicle maintenance;
• availability of own parking.

If you decide to open a transport company based on your own fleet, you will have to purchase several trucks.

Of course, many people start small, and at first you can provide services for individuals and have only a couple of vehicles in your “arsenal”.

But if you want to compete with such organizations, you will have to spend money.

To get started, you can purchase the following trucks:

Vehicle name	Qty	Cost of one vehicle, rub.	Total cost, rub.
Total:	7		RUB 8,280,000
GAZelle with a carrying capacity of 3 tons	2	740 000	1 480 000
GAZelle with a carrying capacity of 8 tons	2	1 400 000	2 800 000
Lawn	1	1 600 000	1 600 000
Refrigerator	2	1 200 000	2 400 000

To maintain a car depot, special equipment is also required:

Office space and car park

Recruitment for opening a transport company

The cargo transportation service is provided not only by a fleet of vehicles, but also by numerous personnel.

Conventionally, it can be divided into three categories:

• drivers;
• office workers;
• servicing transport.

Moreover, they all must interact with each other, because the success of the business will depend on how they work together.

Drivers

To ensure smooth operation of a transport company, it is necessary to have 2-3 drivers per vehicle.

Two people can travel long distances in one vehicle, replacing each other.

If transportation will be carried out locally, then there is no need to have too many drivers.

Sales department

The following specialists should work here, each of whom should perform their functions:

• dispatcher - takes orders and sends drivers on the road;
• logistician (forwarders) - develops the optimal route and calculates its cost;
• marketer - engages in attracting clients;
• accountant - keeps records and prepares reports;
• administrator - he is entrusted with management and control functions (at first, the owner of the transport company himself can do this).

You should not save on personnel in this category, because if one specialist combines several duties, this will lead, at best, to a decrease in efficiency, at worst, to incorrect performance of the work.

As a rule, the office work schedule is 6 days, with a day off on Sunday.

Transport service


For a garage, two auto mechanics are enough to carry out diagnostics and repair work.

It would also be a good idea to hire two security guards who will look after the fleet.

Thus, personnel costs are a significant expense item when opening a full-cycle transport company.

Labor costs will look like this:

How to look for clients for a transport company?

Advertising is a mandatory expense item when deciding to open a transport company.

For any chosen format of work, you need to use the following advertising tools:

• creation of a website and pages on social networks;
• outdoor advertising;
• Internet advertising;
• placing information on your own cars;
• mailing to construction, industrial, food companies;
• offer of cooperation to online stores.

If you decide to open a transport company that will be for individuals, you can also do the following work:

• post advertisements around the city;
• distribute flyers;
• place advertisements on social networks in your city;
• order advertising on local radio.

If the transport company is focused on working with legal entities In addition to the above, you must:

• engage in direct mailing with offers of cooperation to manufacturers and wholesale buyers;
• participate in tenders.

Note: do not enter into oral agreements with customers, they have no legal force. The contract specifies all the conditions of transportation, as well as actions in the event of force majeure.

How much does it cost to open a transport company?

“As a rule, sustainable success is achieved not through a desperate (“hang yourself by your shoelaces”) one-time (“now or never!”) leap or feat, but as a result of everyday decision-making and their implementation.”
Stephen Covey

After a detailed study of how to open a transport company, you can move on to calculating capital investments.

So, starting investments in order to work according to the first scheme, will be presented in the form:

For a cargo transportation company to operate under the second scheme, the costs will be limited to registration, advertising and office equipment, and will amount to approximately 240-260,000 rubles.

Monthly expenses will consist of:

Payment for services can be hourly or per kilometer.

On average, when transporting cargo weighing 3 tons, the cost of one hour is 600-700 rubles, 8 tons - 800-900 rubles, 10 tons - 900-1000 rubles.

Thus, if you decide to open a transport company, you can receive revenue in the amount of 700 -800,000 rubles.

To do this, you need to organize work when cars will make at least 20 trips per month lasting 7-8 hours.

We subtract expenses and get a profit before tax of 240,000 rubles.

With such indicators, the business will pay for itself in 3 years.

This period can be reduced to two years if the cars are always on the road, and for this you need to actively engage with the customer base.

Some tips for successful work transport company voiced in the video:

Possible problems when opening a transport company

There is no business that is not exposed to risks. And transport companies are no exception.

Therefore, finally, I would like to talk about possible problems that you need to be prepared for:

The occurrence of theft.

The human factor plays an important role in such a business, so you must always control the entire process: installing CCTV cameras and alarms, drawing up and submitting reports at the beginning and end of the journey.

Bad service.

Again, the main emphasis is on the human factor, as well as the occurrence of unforeseen situations.

Poor quality cargo transportation.

During the delivery process, the cargo may be damaged or show signs of impact.

To prevent this from happening, it must be packed in accordance with all the rules, and the vehicles must not be overloaded.

It is also possible to set a limit on the “fight”, and if it is exceeded, drivers must pay a fine.

Inability to resolve conflicts and compensate for damage.

As mentioned above, you need to conclude contracts only on paper, where all the terms of cooperation should be spelled out.

The last point regarding how to open a transport company, this is the time it starts working.

Thus, we can say that the transportation business is a fairly popular and profitable business that requires huge investments throughout its entire activity.

If successful, you can open new points and expand, reaching the regional and even state level, which also requires additional costs in the form of purchasing new vehicles and equipping the fleet.

And if you succeed, then you can claim to be a leader in this industry.

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Starting a freight forwarding business is the right decision. But there is a danger: along with the high demand for this business, competition is also growing. Start this business from scratch better for entrepreneurs with experience in the transport sector. All they have to do is find out how to open a cargo transportation company.

Demand for the freight forwarding business

Those who are not involved in logistics often ask the question: is it profitable to engage in cargo transportation? The volumes of imports and exports in the country are increasing every year, therefore, the demand for this type of activity is also increasing. Cargo transportation is a current business, which entails the growth of numerous organizations engaged in providing this type of service. Most often, such companies are founded by entrepreneurs, most of whose knowledge is logistics. There are departments that have mastered cargo transportation, studied documents and offer their own services. If a problem arises with a shortage of cars, the organization attracts cars from neighboring companies. Thus, it is created new department, offering customers a variety of modes of transport and services.

Main types of enterprises

To answer the question - how to open a transport company from scratch, you need to understand the different types of enterprises:

• Companies providing services to individuals.
• Individual entrepreneur providing assistance to legal parties.
• Establishments transporting goods for industrial enterprises.
• Companies that deliver groupage cargo.
• Enterprises engaged in searching for orders, intermediary firms.

Features of the transport organization

We should start with the fact that logistics involves developing an optimal route, including all possible stops, breakdowns, and breaks. Logistics exists as an independent transport area. The advantage of this business is that bankruptcy is almost impossible. Also, to organize a business from scratch, you do not need to invest a fortune. Trucking business does not require a license. However, many unscrupulous companies have appeared that are not responsible for their actions. They also do not have permits. They often don't even know how to open a transport company. Logistics in transport has six key rules:

1. The right cargo.
2. The right place.
3. The right time.
4. Required amount.
5. Adequate quality.
6. Minimum costs.

Logistics has its own approach to organizing transport business. This:

• More than 2 types of transport.
• Availability of a single through rate for transportation.
• The interaction pattern is sequential-central.

Company registration and types of taxation

When asked where to start economic activity, there is only one answer - documents. You should register a company and decide on the taxation system. You should also decide on the legal form of the enterprise:

• IP (individual entrepreneurship).
• LLC (when several founders are involved).

Accepted for individual entrepreneurs single tax on imputed income. This tax is suitable for enterprises cooperating with individuals and for those who work without VAT.

For LLC the best option – general system taxation.

Financial sector

If an entrepreneur is thinking about how to open a transport company from scratch and plans to start a long-term business, then he needs to open a bank account. Many clients will be willing to pay for services by bank transfer. The total revenue of an individual entrepreneur or LLC consists of profit from freight transportation. If the question arises whether it is profitable to engage in cargo transportation, then the answer is unequivocal - yes. Freight transportation as a business is quite profitable. Average figures are from 25 to 40% profit. Main expense items:

• Salary.
• Taxes.
• Spare parts.
• Documentation.
• Purchase of fuels and lubricants.
• General expenses.

Recruitment for the company

To stay in the market, an individual entrepreneur or LLC needs to efficiently organize a personnel department. Quantity employees depends on the size of the vehicle fleet. In any case, you need to start by selecting the following employees:

• Drivers. There should be more of them than cars. Based on one car, 3 people are required.
• Mechanic. If an entrepreneur has more than six machines, then he will need at least 1 specialist.
• Dispatchers. The control room needs exactly as many employees as there are cars in the fleet. The control room must be equipped with high-quality equipment, since this is one of the main workplaces.
• Accountant. It will be needed if you have a fleet of ten cars or more, if the company operates in the LLC format. This person will prepare all financial and reporting documents in a timely manner.

Dissemination of information about the company

After the individual entrepreneur is registered, documents are drawn up and personnel are selected, it is necessary to take care of material support. Then you should form your regular customer base and select suppliers. Initially, there may be distrust on the part of the customer; he will doubt the quality of the product and the competence of the workers.

In order to appease the client, you need to provide him with as much information as possible about your institution, staff and services.

Prepare the necessary documents confirming the existence of the company. We must not forget that to start a business, advertising should not be in the foreground. It can greatly affect the budget of a newly created enterprise. At the same time, aggressive advertising may attract too many clients that a novice entrepreneur will not be able to serve. First you need to place advertisements about individual entrepreneurs, LLCs on information boards, in social networks. With increase own business, the range of consumers will also increase. This way, you can increase your advertising campaign.

When to start your own business

When starting a business from scratch, you should consider the time of year. For what? In order to correctly calculate your strength when increasing the volume of work. Summer period It is considered the quietest for organizing cargo transportation. Autumn is the busiest season. Trucking business is very profitable niche, but requiring close attention from the entrepreneur. Organizing a transport business from scratch will not be difficult, especially since you will not need a business license. Therefore, you can use an individual entrepreneur to start your own business. Logistics and its knowledge will help an entrepreneur organize the optimal route and rationally organize expenses. When registering an enterprise, the business entity receives all the necessary documents.

Cargo transportation is a fairly promising type of activity. People living in villages, big and small towns use the services of transport companies or individuals to transport things and cargo to different places.

At the moment, cargo transportation is in great demand in our country, so the number of companies offering their services in this area is growing every day. If you want to get into this business, you need to take your place and try to organize work in such a way that it generates income, to create conditions that are radically different from the conditions of competing firms.

Cargo transportation: business from scratch

This is quite a troublesome and costly matter. In order to start work, you will have to acquire your own vehicle. If you are limited in funds, then a car like a Gazelle or something like that is quite suitable for the first case.

What is the job? At the first stage, a written agreement is concluded with the client. The next step is packing goods and belongings. Timely delivery has big role in this matter: if you miss delivery deadlines even once, the company’s reputation will suffer, and then you will have to earn a good name for the company again. Unpacking and putting things in place - this work is performed upon additional agreement with the customer.

How to open a freight transportation company so that the business brings real benefits? Transportation is often carried out by everyone who does not know what to do with themselves. They put the dispatcher on the phone, take orders, but are in no hurry to fulfill them. The cost of work very often does not coincide with that stated in the agreement, so people are dissatisfied with the work of such “firms”. The final amount is sometimes announced only when things have already been unloaded and the client has to pay the announced amounts. To avoid such mistakes, you need to organize your work honestly towards the customer. Only then will people use the services of your office, and it will generate good income.

The relevance of this type of business

The relevance of cargo transportation in the modern world is difficult to overestimate. Transportation services are in more and more demand every year.

Until recently, the customer had to wait for his cargo for several weeks, or even months. Now the situation has changed radically. People began to value their time more. Therefore, we try to deliver luggage as quickly as possible. short time. Regardless of the purpose of delivery, the relevance of transportation is growing at a rapid pace.

It is difficult to even imagine what will happen if the freight market ceases to function for any reason. Life will come to a standstill, especially in big cities. Essential goods and food products will not be delivered, and medicines will disappear from pharmacies. This list can be continued indefinitely. Therefore, the importance of cargo transportation in the modern world cannot be underestimated.

Basic goals

• Competent organization of transportation by vehicles of various types.
• Delivery of commercial cargo.
• Office, apartment, country, industrial moves.
• Transportation of large-size cargo.
• Providing trained personnel for loading and unloading operations.
• Providing services for forced storage of goods.

The most important thing is to have perseverance and strive to achieve your goals. Confidence in yourself and your capabilities is also not in last place.

Company registration and taxes

In order to open a freight transport company, you need. If you plan to deal with small-tonnage transportation, your fleet will have several small Gazelle-type vehicles, and your staff will have a small number of employees, then in this case you can.

You will need to pay a state fee and collect the package necessary documents. The tax office will give you a list of them. Then an application in the appropriate format is submitted here. It should contain your passport details, a telephone number where tax officials can contact you if necessary, and. All these manipulations can be carried out by you personally or through a trusted person.

Every registered carrier must pay taxes to the state treasury on time. In order for taxation to be optimal, the following factors must be taken into account:

• the scale of the future company;
• types of transportation.

For sale.

Coffee machines as an easy way to earn money. about the features of vending.

Types of taxation for cargo carriers

• . This is the most acceptable option. It means the following: you can pay 6% of the company’s total income or 15% of income minus expenses.
• General system. This is not the best option for small businesses. In this case, you must pay all taxes. In your case, this will be a direct road to ruin.
• . It can only be applied if your fleet has no more than 20 cars. If you cannot choose a taxation system for yourself, then the regional authorities will automatically transfer your company to a single tax.

In order to earn decent money, make every effort to switch to a single tax. Don’t forget to pay the state in full, and most importantly, on time. There is also Pension Fund, to which you will also have to pay deductions. The amounts of contributions to the Pension Fund often change, so it is necessary to constantly clarify the figures that are transferred from the accounts of your company.

Where and how to open a transport company?

Selecting a room

Without office space, which will house the dispatch service, you cannot do without.

The premises can be rented. The choice of its location must be taken very seriously. Saving money by working from home will not achieve good results. The “home” level of work will not bring big income. If you don't have the funds to rent own premises, you can rent an office in a call center. This will require less cash investment. The dispatch service can be located on 20 square meters. meters.

The office needs to be set up. Dispatchers must have computers or laptops at their disposal. Availability of printer and scanner – necessary condition. Without a landline telephone, work will not be carried out at the proper level. Having two telephone lines is a huge advantage for the company. Employees' mobile phones will be used no less. It is advisable to purchase a walkie-talkie for conversations between drivers and the dispatcher - it is convenient and inexpensive.

Recruitment

A company that plans to engage in cargo transportation must have dispatchers on staff - at least 2 people. Their main quality should be good diction, excellent memory, communication skills and the ability to think logically.

A good manager will help to properly organize the work of the enterprise. A competent accountant will maintain all the company’s documentation, and there will be a lot of it.

A prerequisite for successful work is effective advertising. Therefore, an advertising manager will also come in handy.

Buying cars

Business in this area begins with the purchase of a car. When choosing cars, you need to clearly understand for yourself what goals you set for yourself and what means you have. Used foreign cars are more reliable than domestic cars and are more convenient to use. But Russian cars are much cheaper to repair. At the same time, imported cars break down less often.

Which car to buy is up to you. Gazelles are often purchased for cargo transportation within the city. Thanks to their maneuverability, they cope well with assigned tasks in urban areas. Gazelles are fuel efficient and inexpensive to maintain.

If you plan to transport products, tilt vehicles are suitable for this purpose. For large volumes of cargo, vehicles with additional trailers are suitable - in this case, the carrying capacity will increase to 24 tons. For perishable products you need to buy special refrigerators or isothermal vans. A car is indispensable for transporting furniture or office moves. Russian production"Zil - Bull." This car will go where a large truck cannot go.

Which car to buy for business development freight transportation? This question is individual. One point is worth remembering for sure - in order to provide quality services to the population, it is necessary to have an appropriate fleet of cars.

Road transport services for cargo transportation

It is very important if you can organize the work of a company that will provide clients with a full range of services. It will be nice if you provide the customer with not only suitable vehicle, but also loaders.

Companies that specialize in this area provide the following services:

• cargo insurance;
• services for customs clearance documents;
• office, country house, apartment moving;
• transportation of oversized and heavy cargo;
• transportation of dangerous and especially valuable things.

In order for the quality of services to be at a high level, it is necessary to adhere to the following rules:

• develop a clear route;
• calculate the cost of the entire procedure;
• prepare the necessary documentation;
• carry out continuous monitoring of the movement of cargo along the entire route.

Marketing plan for company development

Before you start preparing documents for starting your own business, you need to have a well-developed marketing plan. What does this include?

• Carrying out active advertising campaign, which will fully disclose the services provided by your company. In this case, it is necessary to attract local media, design and distribute the company’s business cards as much as possible.
• For the near future, try to attract as many clients as possible and interest regular customers advantageous offers and bonus discounts.
• A clearly developed enterprise development strategy, which will outline effective measures to promote and develop the business.

Well designed marketing strategy and the right tactical actions will take your company to a leading position among similar companies in the region.

Marketing research is necessary before compiling detailed business plan transportation of goods. This data will be the basis for the successful operation and development of the enterprise.

Financial questions: is it profitable to engage in cargo transportation?

You must understand that preparing a detailed financial report to create a trucking company is unrealistic. To obtain specific figures, you need accurate data on the state of the future enterprise. An approximate picture will look like this:

• "Gazelle" will bring about 10 thousand rubles of net profit;
• “Zil – Bychok” - 20 thousand rubles;
• a machine with a carrying capacity of 5 tons will give a profit of up to 25 thousand;
• truck - 100 thousand rubles.

These figures reflect the picture of an enterprise that regularly pays taxes and salaries to employees.

If you plan to start a business by purchasing 2 cars, you will have the following expenses:

• costs for the purchase of cars - 900 thousand–1 million rubles;
• machine repairs and fuel and lubricant costs – 40–45 thousand rubles;
• rental of premises – 10 thousand rubles;
• boxes – 10 thousand rubles;
• salary to employees - 40 thousand rubles;
• advertising – 15 thousand rubles;
• other expenses – 30 thousand rubles.

Thus, you will need about 1 million 200 thousand rubles. This is provided that you have 1 dispatcher, 1 driver and 1 loader on your staff.

If you need to attract a second car, you will have to drive it yourself. Accounting reports will be kept by a specialist from another company. This scheme of work assumes an income from one car of 30 thousand rubles. per month.

All your expenses will pay off no earlier than 1.5–2 years. If you use rented cars, this period can be halved.

More accurate calculations depend on many factors. So, one of the main components is the location of the company.

Drawing a conclusion, we can say that organizing a small-tonnage transportation business is a profitable and promising business that novice businessmen should pay attention to.

The transport business is very profitable investment for your capital. Today, cargo transportation is in demand more than ever: consumer demand for a wide variety of goods is constantly growing, as a result of which supply is also growing. Large manufacturers organize mainly wholesale supply. And here small wholesale, retail and numerous online markets – regular customers transport companies. But, of course, in order to organize a competitive business, you should thoroughly study the area in which you plan to work.

At the initial stages, you will have to place all the main organizational activities on your shoulders. Of course, if you initially do not have a smart assistant at hand with a good reputation and experience in senior positions in forwarding and logistics companies. Such you need a partner like air. If you fail to find a consultant experienced in this area, it is better to postpone your venture for a while - there is a high probability of “flunking” everything at the very beginning. But, if you are determined to create a logistics business, then we will consider how to open your own transport company step by step.

Features of the transport business

The essence of logistics is the development of optimal transportation routes, including time for driver rest, refueling, and any circumstances that “slow down” the process that may arise along the way. The forwarding department constantly supervises the process, monitoring the location of each machine, collecting information and ensuring that customers are completely satisfied with the service provided to them. The undoubted advantages in the transport business are:

• no need to obtain a license;
• “start” and the initial stages of business development will not require too large financial investments;
• “buoyancy” and “strength”;
• according to statistics, among transport companies bankruptcy rate is one of the lowest, since after the first and second waves of the crisis, representatives of this market segment recovered very quickly.

Opening a transport company from scratch - what the owners say similar business? The video below provides the answer.

Company registration

Majority transport companies registered as CJSC (closed joint stock companies), LLC, OJSC, as well as PBOYUL(entrepreneur without legal entity formation). Each of these organizational and legal forms has its own disadvantages and advantages. Under PBOYUL there is a value added tax.

Joint-stock companies are an excellent form for creating a business with the prospect of serious expansion, but in order to open an OJSC (and even more so, a CJSC), you must go through many very complex procedures involving tedious paperwork and obtaining tons of certificates. Therefore, the optimal form for today is considered an LLC, which is preferred by many entrepreneurs, owning a variety of companies.

By the way, you can also purchase a ready-made company, but in this case you should thoroughly familiarize yourself with the object of purchase, identify the pitfalls and possible hidden reasons why this business is being sold.

Registration can be completed much easier if you seek help from a reliable company that provides legal support services. This way you will avoid unwanted mistakes, fuss, conflict situations, queuing. Before choosing such an assistant company, make sure of its integrity, experience and competence. Among other things, you will be required to deposit start-up capital and open a business bank account.

Selection of premises

The office space will not only be the legal address of the enterprise (in connection with which a lease agreement will be required between the owner of the space and the newly formed company), but will also be the “face” of your company, which should not be forgotten. Not necessary, It’s not even desirable for the office to be “drenched in luxury,” but it should look decent: a simple European-quality renovation and new office equipment, as well as an impressive plasma or projector in the presentation room - this is the required minimum.

Warehouses must be spacious and comply with all safety standards: fire, sanitary, labor protection, etc. That is, the floors must be non-slippery, perfectly level (without cracks or holes), the ramps must be comfortable and appropriate for the height of the vehicle. It would be nice to equip warehouses with electric lifting ramps.

You must take into account that the operation of a warehouse is 70% of the success of a transport company. This means that the conditions for workers should be as comfortable as possible - a dining room with a microwave and a kettle, the availability of cold water, a shower with cold and hot water - many entrepreneurs “forget” about this, not wanting to take into account that the times of feudal lords are long over and earning capital on health and humiliation of ordinary workers sooner or later lead to collapse.

Equipment

It's best to buy new. This way, you will be sure that in case of any problems during the warranty period, they will fix everything or send you a new one. As Winston Churchill once said: “I am not rich enough to buy cheap things.” You can’t argue with this - of course, you need to save, but priority should still be placed on quality. On average, new rockla (hydraulic trolley) will cost you 7,500 - 9,000 rubles. You should ideally have 1 such device for each warehouse worker.

In addition, regardless of the size of the warehouse, you will need a forklift capable of handling pallets. New costs about 500,000 rubles. See for yourself here - if it’s expensive, you can buy a used one in excellent condition. But then, when purchasing, take with you a specialist who will properly inspect the car.

It is not necessary to buy a loader right away, but it is highly advisable. The point is that one of your potential clients You may need to carry something too heavy. Unloading something like this manually is impossible, but using a rocker is extremely difficult and risks breaking it, as well as damaging the cargo itself. Therefore, a loader machine will greatly simplify and speed up work.

Make sure that there is always a sufficient amount of consumables in the warehouse - stretch tape and adhesive tape; saving on them is not advisable, but keep strict records to avoid theft. As for cars, transport companies usually enter into contracts with truck owners, who are often also drivers. Thus, transportation is generously paid, but responsibility for possible damage to the vehicle and cargo on the road rests with the owner of the vehicle.

Personnel and promotion

First time you can limit yourself to a minimum staff, combining several functions at once for each of the employees. In order to save money and gain invaluable experience, I myself The owner of the company can initially assume several important functions. But keep in mind that if your employees are overloaded with multidisciplinary work, this will significantly reduce the efficiency of their work.

It is advisable to give preference to specialists with work experience, even in related fields and not in leadership positions. Bookkeeping is too important a task, so you can’t entrust it to an amateur. It’s not a bad idea to use the services of an audit company, but it’s much better to find an intelligent specialist yourself.

Depending on your creative abilities, connections and financial capabilities, you can completely entrust the function of promoting your business to a reputable advertising agency, or try to do this personally, limiting yourself to ordering professional advertisers to develop the “face” and style of your brand.

Possible problems

Beginning transport companies often face the following obstacles:

Theft. You must be confident in your “backbone” - the employees with whom you are starting a business. In addition, a control system should be provided - CCTV cameras, security, personal audits of accounting, regular reporting documentation.

Service. Clients may be dissatisfied with the quality of services. Especially at the development stage, things can often go wrong. Cargo delays, causing damage to the client. This process must be controlled rudeness on the part of the staff should not be tolerated, every client should be satisfied– the reputation of the enterprise directly depends on this.

Control carrier. It is advisable that cars be equipped with GPS systems.

Quality transportation The cargo must be compactly and securely stowed. To achieve this, warehouse workers must always have a sufficient number of Supplies and proper equipment. It is necessary to establish the level of permissible “breakage” of the cargo and remove the difference from wages employees to encourage them to do quality work.

Also install average monthly battle percentage– in case of good performance, employees should be rewarded. At the same time, you should take into account: if you introduce a system of fines, it should not be overly harsh, and besides, salaries should be high enough - otherwise you will never achieve even half the effective and high-quality work