Painting on dishes, types of painting techniques. Features of plate painting techniques, ceramic tableware painting. Contemporary paintings on glass and ceramics

MK “glass painting” I hope you like it and you learn something new!

For work we will need:

Glass plate, paints for glass and ceramics, outlines for glass, alcohol (or alcohol-based product) template.

I'm starting by finding an interesting template for painting! Of course, you can sit by yourself and think about the drawing, but I went the easy way! I copied the template from the computer. (by the way, here is the site with interesting templates stylized flowers)
It's better to trace the plate first and then draw!

full size

You can also take a paper napkin with an interesting pattern and place it under the plate - it will be a wonderful replacement for the template

Now wipe the plate with alcohol (or vodka, or an alcohol-containing solution)
We place the template under the plate - it is better to use 2 identical plates, and lay the template between them - this way it will be fixed and fit snugly to the plate

Let's start outlining the drawing - it will prevent the paint from spreading all over the plate! It is important here that your hands lie comfortably so that the line runs smoothly. To begin with, it is better to practice the outline on paper, and only then move on to the selected surface. If something doesn’t work out, don’t worry, you can immediately wipe it with a cotton swab dipped in water, then wipe the area.
(characteristics of the contours can be read here http://www.golandart.ru/mat2.html)

Let the contour dry, ideally 2-3 hours, but if you are in a hurry, you can dry it with a hairdryer!

We fill our outline with glass paint, take our time, and help in hard-to-reach places with a brush or toothpick! Do not cover all areas at once, so that your paint does not accidentally come out and mix with the paint on the adjacent area.

A lot depends on the colors, because there are different colors! Characteristics of paints can be found here http://www.golandart.ru/mat1.html
Let the plate dry, because... I have stained glass paints, so 4-5 hours will be enough.

The plate can then be coated with acrylic varnish, or you can leave it as is.
Such a plate will wonderful decoration interior or a gift for family and friends.

BUT, in addition to the plate itself for painting and paints, I needed: glass cleaner to degrease the plate, a stained glass contour on the glass, brushes, a sheet of paper with a printed design, tape to attach the sheet with the butterfly to the plate, scissors and a pencil.

First, of course, I practiced and tried to paint glass jars and bottles that can always be found at home. And then I came across a transparent 30×30 square plate. I decided to depict something bright and joyful on it! Let it be a butterfly! No sooner said than done!

I found a suitable design, copied it, attached it to the back of the plate and it began!!!

First, I traced it with a stained glass outline on glass and ceramics, and then filled in multi-colored pieces stained glass paint for glass. I made a blot and quickly stretched it over the desired area to be painted with a brush...

In this work on the plate I also used the dot technique. The butterfly looked rustic on plain clear glass! Therefore, I applied a matte background (Ultra frost effect paint for glass), tapping foam rubber over all areas of the glass on the plate where there was no pattern. When I finished with the background, I realized that my butterfly was very lonely alone. Then I added colored transparent “scraps” along the edge of the plate. It turned out very bright and pretty. Then I outlined and connected all these bright inserts with one line using the dot technique and the plate is ready. In my opinion - not bad, but what do you think about this?

Painting plates is a useful and exciting activity. Possibility to give unique and beautiful look the faceless plate is captivating, and the result is touching. Decorating plates yourself is a painstaking task that requires perseverance and patience, but also calms and relaxes. You can do plate painting with your children on cold winter evenings.

How did the plates get on the wall?

Until the middle of the 18th century, Chinese porcelain could only be found in royal palaces; it was common in European everyday life. wooden and pewter utensils. Together with the solution to the secret of Chinese potters, the era of ceramic tableware began in Europe.

Simple clay plates became available to many, but beautiful porcelain products were still considered a symbol of luxury and were found only in the homes of wealthy aristocrats. Fine porcelain sets were considered as decorative elements of the interior: they decorated furniture shelves and walls.

The tradition of rewarding those who have distinguished themselves public service subjects with porcelain plates became the reason for collecting and hanging them on the wall for everyone to see. It was not accepted to eat from a plate received from the sovereign's hands. A high state award was given a place of honor on the wall. The number of award plates on the “honor board” testified to the merits and rank of the owner of the house.

Painting plates - a commercial move and the beginning of a “plate interior”

Commercial flair helped the French company Lalique to sense consumer interest in beautiful porcelain products as decorative items. In the middle of the 19th century, the first copies appeared on the European market. collection plates distinguished by grace and beauty. The original products were amazing high quality the finest porcelain and filigree decoration.

Decorative plates decorated with carefully drawn miniatures, landscapes, pastoral pictures, and portraits. Plates from Lalique in the interior replaced the award plates that had become a thing of the past. For almost two centuries, decorative plates in the interior have been a symbol of refined taste. In modern applied art, fantasy genres, surreal motifs and marine art are often used.

Ways to place plates in the interior

Collectible plates decorated the walls of the living room, dining room, and kitchen. For reliable mounting on the wall, special hanging hooks were used. Hooks - the most common way attaching plates to the wall. If the collection is quite extensive, then it is better to use a special display. Today, placing dishes in displays is considered the most reliable method. An expensive collectible plate is firmly fixed to the wall, which prevents it from falling.

For kitchen interior it is recommended to use cantilever shelves. A wall console, which is a wooden panel with holder slats, is a traditional attribute of the interior of a Western European kitchen. Ceramic plates with painting are appropriate in the interior dining room-kitchen in Provence style.

Painted plates can be placed on the fireplace, in a niche, in a cabinet with glass doors, on a chest of drawers or a windowsill. In such cases, the plate is installed in a vertical position using a tabletop stand-holder. There are several ways to make fasteners for plates with your own hands: using paper clips, tin rings, epoxy glue. But it's better to use fasteners industrial production– an expensive collectible or favorite painted plate should be firmly attached to the wall.

DIY plate painting

DIY plate painting- This is a popular and beloved activity by many. Any creativity brings pleasure, painting also brings a lot of pleasant emotions. The whole process, starting with thinking through the design and decorative elements, directly painting, firing, varnishing, as well as the result of the work and the emotions of loved ones who received exclusive gift will bring you great joy.

Painting plates with acrylic paints: the process is not as scary as it is painted

Universal and environmentally friendly acrylic paint is great for painting plates. Acrylic paint consists of pigment, water and a binder, this ensures its high adhesion (an indicator of the adhesion of paint to the surface). IN construction stores There is a wide range of acrylic paints of various colors and shades. Paints like gold, silver, copper, bronze allow you to decorate plates and give them various effects: shine, shimmer and shimmer.

Sequence of painting work plates with acrylic paints as follows:

Careful degreasing the surface of the plate using alcohol or acetone.
Drawing. Fantasy and exclusivity are welcome. Acrylic paint dries within 4 hours. If used in painting gold paint, drying can take a week.
Coating the image with acrylic varnish. The varnish is applied in several layers, with each new layer only after the previous one has dried. Applying varnish with a brush can smear the design, so it is recommended to use a spray varnish.
Firing plates in the oven or microwave oven. The plate should be placed in a cold oven, preheated to 170°, left for 30 minutes and removed from the oven after cooling.

Point-to-Point – dot painting of plates

Spot painting is suitable for those who are not good at drawing and think that they can only decorate a plate with a “blue border”. Don't be discouraged, technology dot painting It’s just a combination of many multi-colored borders!

The plate for dot painting is degreased, but before applying outline drawing The surface of the dishes is primed with black acrylic paint and, after drying, covered with matte varnish. The decoration of the plate should be carried out in two stages: first the center is decorated, then the rim part. The outline of the main design is applied in the central part of the plate, and decorative lines are applied along the border.

Bitmap – string of small beads from paint - applied using an acrylic contour. A special tube with a thin tip allows you to squeeze out the right amount of paint and carefully place a dot on the surface of the plate. Excess paint must be removed and the drawing adjusted. From clear lines, alternating colors and dot sizes, amazingly beautiful drawings are obtained, and the plate itself turns into a real piece of art.

Children's creativity in the children's room

Special tools will help to introduce your child to the basics of arts and crafts and at the same time decorate the interior of the children’s room with painted plates. kits for artistic creativity . The kit includes something convenient for coloring: a white plate, acrylic paints, brushes, sponge, templates, contour paints, a felt-tip pen - intended for painting and designed for a child’s hand.

The template-drawing is placed on a plate and filled with bright colors using a sponge; the drawing is drawn out with a contour line using a felt-tip pen or brush. At the final stage, adults can help the child and make the necessary adjustments to the painting. Double-sided tape is glued to the painted plate and a special hook is attached. It is not necessary to paint a plate according to the proposed stencil; unique examples of painted plates are created by a child’s wild imagination.

The technique of applying images with the palm and fingers allows you to obtain original drawings and at the same time capture children's hands as a memory. The wall of a children's room, decorated with several plates, looks original, bright and unusual. The best gift for grandparents - painted by children's hands souvenir plate

Mezen painting

Mezen painting on wood or palaschel painting is a type of painting of household utensils - spinning wheels, ladles, boxes, bratins, formed by early XIX centuries in the lower reaches of the Mezen River. The oldest dated spinning wheel with Mezen painting dates back to 1815, although graphic motifs of such painting are found in handwritten books of the 18th century made in the Mezen region. In terms of style, Mezen painting can be classified as one of the most archaic types of painting that survived into the 20th century. The objects are densely dotted with a fractional pattern - stars, crosses, dashes, made in two colors: black - soot and red - “earth paint”, ocher. The main motifs of the geometric ornament - solar disks, rhombuses, crosses - resemble similar elements of triangular-notched carving.

Polkhov-Maidan painting

Polkhov-Maidan painting is one of the youngest artistic crafts in Russia. It got its name from the large village of Polkhovsky Maidan in the south of the Nizhny Novgorod region. Almost every family here makes and sells wooden painted toys. The Polkhov-Maidan toy, or as the masters themselves call it “tararushka,” appeared in the late 1920s. Since the 1960s, residents of the village of Krutets, located near the village of Polkhovsky Maidan, began to make a similar toy. The main motifs of the patterns of this painting are flowers: rose, poppy, chamomile, tulip, rosehip. There is also a plot painting. Most often this rural landscape with a river, houses, a church and a mill on the shore, as well as the obligatory red dawn in the sky.

Pizhemskaya painting

Pizhem painting has been known since the 17th century. One of the oldest paintings of the Russian North. The northern Pechora River and its tributaries Tsilma, Pizhma and others are places where in the 19th and early 20th centuries. there was a small center for graphic painting. The formation of the style of Pizhem painting was strongly influenced by the handwritten tradition of the Old Believers since the time of Avvakum. There were entire dynasties of copyists of pre-Nikon books, known throughout Pechora; They marked the beginning of a kind of Pizhem painting. Pizhem painting was done with watercolors - red, green, yellow, black. The main Pizhem painting is a geometric pattern made with black paint (soot using larch resin) in the form of rhombuses, crosses, dots, etc., with a slight addition of red and green paint.

Guslitskaya painting

Guslitsky painting dates back to the 17th century. This painting existed until the 20th century, when the handwritten book was supplanted by the printed one. Guslitsa - this is how the area near Moscow has long been called in the south-eastern part along the Guslitsa River, which flows into the Moscow River (the territory of part of the modern Orekhovo-Zuevsky and Yegoryevsky districts of the Moscow region). In Guslitsy, icon painting, cult copper-cast plastic, and sewing developed. In the 60-70s. XIX century In the settlement of Abramovka, the underground Old Believer printing house of the peasant E.P. Piskunov functioned. The art of copying and decorating books was widespread in the Guslitz area. The Guslitsky singing manuscripts were especially famous. The “Guslitsky” style of book design developed by the last quarter of the 18th century. The specificity of the painting is shining colors: blue, light blue, pink, turquoise, combined with abundant gilding.

Rakul painting

Rakul painting appears in the first half of the 19th century in the village of Ulyanovskaya, located at the confluence of the Rakulka River with the Northern Dvina (now Krasnoborsky district of the Arkhangelsk region). The ornament of the Rakulka painting is very close to the graphics of the miniatures of the famous Vygov manuscripts - liturgical and instructional books produced by the Old Believers. The Rakulka paintings are usually dominated by black and golden-ocher colors, which are accompanied by rich green and brownish-red. The color scheme is very strict and harmonious, the plasticity of the elements is laconic. The elements of the Rakul ornament are large, their shape is limited by a clear black outline. Small decorative elements - vignettes and veins are done in black or white: white is predominantly used to draw leaf veins running along a rich color background.

Sheksninskaya gilded painting

“Sheksninskaya gilded woman” is one of the traditional paintings of the Russian North. It decorated peasant household items and was distributed over a small area - in the southern part of the Sheksninsky district of the Vologda region. Local residents called the painting “gilded”. This name entered scientific circulation again open center folk paintings. The painting is graphic, its color scheme is based on a combination of red, gold and black, traditional for ancient Russian icon painting. Bizarre plants with strange leaves, flowers and fruits, on the branches of which sit proud birds with an eagle look and a tail, sometimes turning into a floral pattern - Here are the main motives of this painting. The origins of Sheksninskaya gilding have roots in ancient Russian culture, reminiscent of the ornaments of icons and handwritten books.

Khokhloma painting

Khokhloma represents decorative painting wooden utensils and furniture, made in red, green and black tones on a golden background. When painting, it is not gold, but silver-tin powder that is applied to the tree. After this, the product is coated with a special composition and processed three or four times in the oven, which achieves a honey-golden color, giving the light wooden utensils a massive effect. The painting looks bright despite the dark background. To create a picture, colors such as red, yellow, orange, a little green and blue are used. Also, the color of gold is always present in the painting. Traditional elements of Khokhloma are red juicy rowan and strawberries, flowers and branches. Birds, fish and animals are often found.

Boretsk painting

Boretsk painting is a Russian folk art craft, painting on wood. It has existed since the 18th century. Initially, there was one center for painting - the village of Borok (Shenkursky district) in the middle reaches of the Northern Dvina River (it arose on the banks of the Dvina when the Dvina region was settled by Novgorodians in the 11th-12th centuries). The most commonly used colors in painting: red, green, brown, orange, yellow. The ornament consists of rhombuses, circles, droplets, and triangles. All elements are outlined in black. The symbol of Boretsk painting is the Tree of Life. A huge flower with a straight stem, around which flowers, birds, berries, and graceful leaves are depicted. The composition could be based on genre scenes: tea drinking, festivities.

Petersburg painting

St. Petersburg painting arose from the study of trays created in the 19th century in St. Petersburg. Characterized by special sophistication. White flowers with golden leaves on a black background. Leaves and flowers are painted with special, translucent strokes. A special atmosphere is created in St. Petersburg - the city of white nights. The main motifs of the design are flowers: daffodils, peonies, daisies; the composition is characterized by grace and dynamism. A special technique can be considered the active use of the background as an additional visual element. White and gold translucent strokes are placed so that the emerging background creates a unique atmosphere of mystery. Nowadays it is a little-known form of household art. And at the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries, white, translucent flowers with golden leaves began to bloom on the black background of the trays.

Gorodets painting

Gorodets painting is a Russian folk art craft. Exists with mid-19th century in the area of the city of Gorodets. Bright, laconic Gorodets painting (genre scenes, figurines of horses, roosters, floral patterns), made in a free stroke with a white and black graphic outline, decorated spinning wheels, furniture, shutters, and doors. In Nizhny Novgorod paintings, two types can be distinguished - Pavlovsk and Gorodets paintings. Gorodets painting originates from carved Gorodets spinning wheels: figures were cut out of a different type of wood and inserted into a recess of the appropriate shape. Inserts made of dark bog oak stand out in relief on the light surface of the bottom. Having only two shades of wood and a simple tool, folk craftsmen turned the surface of the bottom board into a real picture.

Zhostovo painting

Zhostovo painting - folk craft artistic painting metal trays, existing in the village of Zhostovo, Mytishchi district, Moscow region. It is believed that Zhostovo painting adopted the tradition of the Demidov family to paint tin trays, which was widespread in the Urals, namely in the Tagil and Vyisky factory villages. The Demidov breeders introduced this trade there. The appearance of the Zhostovo painted tray is associated with the surname of the Vishnyakov brothers. The history of Zhostovo and Zhostovo craft dates back to the beginning of the 19th century, when in a number of Moscow region villages and hamlets of the former Troitskaya volost (now Mytishchi district of the Moscow region) - Zhostovo, Ostashkovo, Khlebnikov, Troitsky and others - workshops arose for the production of painted lacquered products from papier-mâché . The main motif of Zhostovo painting, like Tagil painting, is a flower bouquet.

Gzhel painting

Gzhel is one of the traditional Russian centers for the production of ceramics. The broader meaning of the name "Gzhel", which is correct from a historical and cultural point of view, is a vast area consisting of 27 villages united in the "Gzhel Bush". “Gzhel Bush” is located approximately sixty kilometers from Moscow along the Moscow-Murom-Kazan railway line. Now “Gzhel Bush” is part of the Ramensky district of the Moscow region. Before the revolution, this area belonged to Bogorodsky and Bronnitsky districts. The name “Gzhel” itself has Baltic roots and refers more to the natural features of the region than to the process of firing products in pottery production. The word “Gzhel” is closest to the ancient Prussian sound of the word “shrub”, which, with some differences, has taken root in all Baltic languages.

Since ancient times, people have paid attention to the beauty of nature. The desire to decorate one’s primitive life and make it cozy led to the fact that the home began to be decorated with various natural elements. It was the skin of an animal underfoot, drawings on the wall, colored stones, shining metal and much more. Centuries later they began to paint plates, spoons, and bowls. Each region developed its own dishes.

Types of styles

The skill of decorating one's home arose almost simultaneously with the development of human culture and has its own distinctive aspects, characteristic of individual areas:

Khokhloma painting;
Gorodets;
Zhostovo;
Gzhel.

The imagination of our ancestors knew no bounds, but the differences in the drawings are still obvious. Each area has a unique pattern and style.

The emergence of Khokhloma painting

Near the old Trans-Volga forests near the Uzola River there are Russian villages - Khryaschi, Kuligino, Semino, Novopokrovskoye, Khokhloma. The dishes, painted with various gilded designs, originate from here.

Unfortunately, it is impossible to accurately determine the beginning of the appearance Khokhloma painting fails. After all, all the dishes were made of wood, quickly wore out, were thrown away or thrown into the oven, like an ordinary log.

Products from the 19th century have survived to this day. But, judging by historical papers, the fishery arose in the 17th century.

The unique Khokhloma technique - painting on a gold base with black paint and cinnabar - is found in ancient Russian art.

Features of Khokhloma painting

Craftsmen have their own secret on how to “golden” kitchen utensils. A simple method of coating dishes with gold has survived to this day:

the dishes were thoroughly rubbed with tin powder;
covered with drying oil;
heated in an oven;
under the influence of high temperature, the drying oil turned yellow, the tin was visible through it, and the effect of gold was obtained.

It is believed that this method of painting dishes belongs to the Old Believers. Previously, in remote villages there were many fugitives who suffered persecution for the “old faith.” Among them were masters of icon painting and book miniatures.

Khokhloma patterns

Inexpensive utensils for everyday use can be recognized immediately. It was made with special stamps from a raincoat mushroom or a felt piece of fabric; the patterns turned out to be elementary, but did not lose their beauty. On such products numerous diamonds, spirals and leaves are visible.

More expensive dishes were painted more skillfully. The compositions were created by hand with a brush. There is much more work involved. The masters drew:

berries (raspberries, strawberries, rowan);
flowers (cornflowers, clover, violets).

This is how painted spoons, plates, mugs and much more were created.

The main colors characteristic of Khokhloma painting are red (cinnabar) and black (soot). But to make the drawing come to life and bloom, brown, green, blue, orange and yellow shades were added to the products.

Types of painting

Gradually, from household items, Khokhloma products became souvenir gifts or decorations, and not cheap ones at that.

There are main types of tableware painting:

“Horse” - the main composition - criul - is superimposed on a silver background. Next, droplets, tendrils, and curls are added to it in red and black.
“Under the background” - first the silhouette of the ornament is drawn, and the background is filled with black paint.

The dishes may contain the most different types ornaments:

“Grass” - the emphasis is on drawing small and large blades of grass.
“Gingerbread” - inside the masterpiece there is a drawn geometric figure. It can be a rhombus, a square, a circle. It is painted with berries, flowers and grass.
“Kudrina” - a pattern in the form of golden leaves and flowers in the style of curls is applied to a red or black base.

Khokhloma is an amazing work of art, despite the dark colors, warmth and joy emanate from it.

History of Zhostovo painting

Another one of known species tableware painting is famous for the fact that for almost two centuries they have been decorating one thing - this is a tray. The village of Zhostovo is located in the Mytishchensky district near Moscow.

In the 18th century, in the Urals, where the metallurgical plants of the Demidovs were built (Nizhny Tagil, Verkh-Neyvinsk, Nevyansk), a craft arose - painted metal trays.

The birth of such a fishery near Moscow was caused by some important factors:

The Russian serf master Khudoyarov discovered a recipe for “crystal” varnish; it did not crack on copper, wood and iron.
Start of production in St. Petersburg of unusually shaped trays with interesting designs.
Opening of F. N. Vishnyakov’s workshops in Zhostovo in the 1820s. Here they produced varnished and painted papier-mâché items: trays, boxes, snuff boxes, boxes, and vintage boxes.

The products were made in villages near Moscow - Troitsky, Novoseltsev, Ostashkov. In the village of Zhostovo alone there were 22 workshops. The items were very beautiful. They depicted landscapes, winter threesomes of horses, summer walks, and tea parties at the table. But, unfortunately, these gizmos turned out to be fragile and impractical.

The appearance of Zhostovo iron trays

Osip, the son of Philip Vishnyakov, decided not to make papier-mâché anymore, but took up the production of iron trays. The demand for trays was just increasing. They were used both for interior decoration and for their intended purpose. Zhostovo trays were seen in drinking establishments, famous Moscow tea houses, taverns, hotels and merchant houses. The collections of Spanish and British kings can boast of the presence of Zhostovo trays.

Demand creates supply, and in 1960 the Zhostovo painting factory was founded.

Secrets of mastery

Observing the long and painstaking process, you can see how the craftsmen still follow the ancient technique.

Zamalevok. The basis of the future pattern. Sketches of the future drawing are made on the prepared surface with diluted paint.
Tanezhka. Colored shadows are applied with translucent paints. A visible volume of flowers is created and shady areas of plants appear.
Gasket in color. This is the most important stage of Zhostovo layer-by-layer painting. The appearance of the bouquet is formed, the entire composition is lightened or darkened, and important small details are determined.
Glare. Thanks to this action, volume and light appear, the set of features and mood are well conveyed.
Drawing. The final part of the work on the image. The artist applies small but significant details by hand.
Binding. The bouquet seems to extend under the background of the product. Thin stems and tendrils magically emerge into a single whole and merge with the background.
Cleaning the edges of the tray. The side of the tray is decorated with all kinds of patterns. Without this, the work will seem unfinished.
Mirror shine. Using chalk powder, rub the tray with your palms until it shines, then rub it with paraffin, this makes the product shine even more.

Zhostovo trays have existed for many years, but among them there is not one similar to the other.

Features of the painting

The background is usually black, in rare cases red, blue or green. The artist paints several trays at once.

The main focus is a floral bouquet, in which small wildflowers and large garden flowers are alternately drawn.

The patterns are drawn with gold powder diluted in transparent varnish or turpentine or gulfabry - white paint mixed with varnish, sprinkled with aluminum powder.

According to their meaning, trays are divided into two groups: for interior decoration and for household purposes.

Gorodets painting

Refers to one of the Russian types of tableware painting. Gorodets painting originates in the 19th century near the town of Gorodets in the Nizhnegorsky Trans-Volga region, on the left bank of the Volga. This is an ancient Russian fortress city. It all started with spinning wheels, the special feature of which was the bottom and comb.

Carriages, ladies, horsemen, soldiers, dogs - all this decorated the bottom of the spinning wheels. The figurines were cut out of a different type of wood and inserted into the corresponding hole.

Gorodets painting took 50 years to form. Children's gurneys, chairs, and boxes were painted. The peak of the fishery development occurred in 1990.

Motives for painting

The most common elements of Gorodets painting are flowers and animals. Such images exude comfort and peace.

Painted spoons, furniture and dishes in the joyful Gorodets style refreshed and enlivened the interior.

Flower painting is the simplest to perform. There are several types of ornament:

“Bouquet” - applied symmetrically, present mainly on dishes or cutting boards.
“Garland” - one or two flowers are located in the center, from which smaller flowers and leaves spread in all directions. Bread bins, dishes, and boxes are painted with this pattern.
“Rhombus” is a type of garland. There is a flower or several in the center, and the leaves and buds become smaller as they approach the tops of the diamond. And they are located on the imaginary edges of the figure. Such images were used to decorate chests, benches, and cabinets.
“Flower stripe” is a relic from the days of spinning wheels. This is a repeating ribbon pattern of flowers of the same size, diluted with leaves. Decorate voluminous products.
"Wreath" - similar to a "flower stripe". The difference is that it closes around the edges of the lid or dish.

In the floral painting there are images of a bird and a horse. They are usually drawn inside a flower garland. Elements of Gorodets painting found their place in large things: panels, sleighs, dishes and boxes.

The images can be very different: dashing horsemen, scenes with tea drinking, beautiful birds, pretty girls with dogs, exotic lions and leopards. The most common type is a proud horse or a warlike rooster.

Method of execution

The art painting technique is distinguished by the fact that it is performed directly on a wooden base. The base is primed different colors- bright blue, rich green, deep red.

An object is painted with a brush without a preliminary sketch. The artist changes the pressure of the brush: now with a broad stroke, now with the tip, drawing out another masterpiece.

History of Gzhel

One of the ancient pottery districts includes about 30 villages. It's called Gzhel. It is located near Moscow near the Gzhelka River. Rich deposits of clay were discovered in these places.

Gzhel was mentioned for the first time in written documents dating back to 1339. It was a profitable volost and was the property of princes and kings.

In the 18th century, Gzhel became a Russian center for majolica production. A century later, Gzhel began producing semi-faience, painted with cobalt and covered with a transparent glaze. Closer to the 20th century, Gzhel craftsmen made masterpieces from fine earthenware and porcelain, decorating it with floral and geometric patterns.

Subject of the drawing

The painted dishes of Gzhel reflect events taking place in city and village life, as well as natural phenomena. The drawings are divided into three main groups:

Vegetable. Here all the vegetation has a stylized appearance with basic features. You can see berries, blades of grass, cuttings, flowers and leaves.
Ornamental patterns. Original and stylized drawings in which the association and self-expression of the artist are visible. It is performed with ornamental nets - “antennae”, “blades of grass”, “droplets”, “combs” and “pearls”.
Subject painting. These are sleigh rides, fairs and seasons.

Gzhel is a whole stylistic movement, not just patterns. Used in the production of ceramics, clothing and interior design.

In such a miraculous way, “how fairy birds", and Gzhel masterpieces are scattered all over the globe. That's why Blue bird in Gzhel is a brand of modern painting.

Main features of the painting:

surface glazing;
cool white background;
ornament in blue and blue tones;
complex pattern or design in folk style;
only handmade.

Each product thanks hand painted- this is a work of art. All drawings are unique.

Artistic painting of Gzhel

The Gzhel technique requires certain skills. The master begins painting any item immediately after firing. One of the paintings in the Gzhel style is called majolica, it is painted with “five colors”. A pattern was applied to the white enamel, which is the base.

Colors for painting used to be taken from salts:

green - copper salt;
yellow - antimony salt;
cherry - manganese;
blue - cobalt.

Soon this technique was abandoned and they began to produce a cobalt blue pattern on a snow-white base. To apply the design, talent, a spatula, a brush, and a jar of cobalt oxide were required. It is cobalt that gives such a wonderful shade of blue, but only after firing the painted dishes, and the paint itself is black.

First, the product is painted, then it is dipped in glaze and placed in an oven to dry. The last stage of firing is carried out at a temperature of 1400 degrees. The glaze turns into a thin, light-transmitting film, covering the blue design.

Thanks to the atmosphere of folk non-academic art, the purity and originality of the patterns, the Gzhel blue bird was honored to be the emblem of the Gzhel porcelain factory.

In the age of technology and change, there seems to be no place for cute painted things, and you can only admire them in museums. But to this day, there are workshops in the Russian state that have preserved the long-standing traditions of artistic painting, and continue to delight the eyes of people who are not indifferent to such art.

Hand painting on glass and ceramics is a popular and easy-to-learn form of creativity, accessible even to a novice decorator. This direction of handicraft has many subtypes and techniques, a special place among which is occupied by dot painting of plates - an art that can add a “zest” to any kitchen interior. The principle of designing a pattern is quite simple - to create a bright, and most importantly, unique masterpiece by applying many dots to the surface of the dishes.

Artistic painting of dishes with dots is a whole art of compositional decoration with special paints organized space. The pictorial surface differs in structure and shape. A special technique for creating a point-to-point pattern is to apply drops of paint along the contour of the plate. Thanks to the scattering of dots, an ornament is obtained that looks like a mosaic of beads or rhinestones.

To get started you will need: a plate, paints, a pointed stick or non-functioning felt-tip pen, degreasing liquid (for example, acetone), stencils, a well-lit work area.

The main stages of painting on plates are as follows:

Treat the work surface with an alcohol-containing substance and dry.
Draw a picture. On glass plate the sketch can be fixed on the reverse side, applied randomly to an opaque surface or using stencils.
Sprinkle the sketch ornament with dots and frame it.
Correct mistakes with cotton pads pre-moistened with alcohol.

Original painted plates can take a place not only in the kitchen, but also in a specially designated place as an exclusive handmade item. They can also serve as an original gift. The main thing is to approach the painting process with full responsibility and inspiration.

Degreasing the plate

Selecting a drawing

Transfer the drawing with paint or marker

It’s better to start painting from the middle

Select the appropriate colors and continue working

Selection of materials

Before you begin applying a dotted pattern to a plate, you need to analyze all the nuances of the upcoming work and carefully select materials. Do-it-yourself artistic painting of dishes requires a special approach. The choice of paint for painting and the need for additional surface treatment directly depend on the material used to make the plate.

Dishes

In most cases, glass or ceramic surfaces are chosen for painting plates with your own hands. This is due to the fact that such dishes can be used as the main background without additional manipulations. Plain or transparent surfaces are excellent for applying patterns. They will require minimal effort - washing and degreasing. Also, if necessary, you can easily change the background on the dishes. For this you will need:

Apply a thin layer of primer (special primer).
Wait until it dries before using acrylic paint the tone you like (it is advisable to paint in two stages with intermediate drying).
To consolidate the result, it is recommended to coat the finished product with varnish twice.

Artistic dot painting on plates with a clay base is carried out in several stages. First of all, you need to prepare the surface so that the pattern lasts for a long time. Then they select a special contour paint, produced in tubes with an elongated nose.

The technique for working with wood products depends on their background. If you are completely satisfied with the color of raw, untreated wood, you can paint the plates directly on the natural surface. If you want to adjust the shade of the base, it is recommended to use wood stain. It will not only give the surface the necessary tone, but will also emphasize its natural relief and texture. If you plan to use the plate in everyday life and not as a decorative item, it is better to secure the ornament with a special furniture varnish at the end of the work.

Ceramic plate

Clay

Glass

Wooden plate

Artistic dot painting of plates involves use in the process of work various types paints It is preferable to opt for moisture-resistant and light-sensitive varieties, which will significantly increase the service life of the product.

It is recommended to paint metal plates with enamel paints, and contour analogues are suitable for ceramic utensils and pottery. Options with an oil composition, gouache, and watercolor are optimal for painting glass and ceramics. You should choose based on the consistency of the coloring matter - the density of the paint should resemble low-fat sour cream.

The basis of the composition of the coloring matter can be:

water – washes off at any time;
organic - removal occurs only with a solvent.

Painting of saucers that will come into contact with food is carried out with special baked paints. The drawings are fired in a kiln at 800 degrees. At home, craftswomen use acrylic compositions that harden without firing for two weeks.

By type of paint they are divided into:

overglaze, applied to glazed dishes before firing;
underglaze, used after firing to achieve an additional effect - shine and gloss.

It is worth giving preference to a small number of colors; 1-4 shades are enough to work.

For application and fixation

For painting you will need Additional materials: cotton pads and swabs, napkins, pin, tape, paper and scissors. Using discs and a degreasing liquid, the top layer of the plate is processed and cleaned. Further, after creating the ornament and its complete drying, it is recommended to apply water-soluble, odorless acrylic varnish twice to secure the painting. The layers must be very thin so that unsightly streaks and sagging between the points do not form. Approximately 2 hours should pass after each application of varnish. For painting with dots, it is better to give preference to original patterns or floral arrangements.

As a result of squeezing out dots on the nose of the tube, excess paint may form, which can spoil the ornament with an unnecessary blot. Excess should be removed in time with a napkin.

Before you start painting with a new color, it is advisable to put a few dots on a rough sheet of paper. Using a pin, you can clear a clogged tube spout - this is especially true for paints containing glitter.

It is important to prepare a stencil (template) for applying the pattern. You can draw it yourself on paper, then cut it out and attach it to the surface with tape. Drawings can be borrowed from the Internet or magazines. Ready-made stencils sold in the store. The more lines in the ornament, the better, since the entire pattern is covered with dots.

Necessary materials

Choose the right stencils

For fixing, use acrylic varnish

Drawing process

Simplicity is the main advantage of dot painting of plates. If you follow the basic rules, you can get high-quality painting on saucers and any other utensils. To get more information and practice, you can attend a special master class.

The sequence of actions when painting should be as follows:

Surface preparation - it is important that the product intended for application bitmap, dust and other contaminants have been removed. The surface must also be degreased with an alcohol-containing solution.
Creating a background - using paints (acrylic, stained glass, gouache, etc.) you can give the surface the desired shade.
Blanks - work out a pre-conceived sketch or prepare special stencils (ready-made diagrams) for drawing.
Marking - draw the outline of the ornament.
Creating a painting in compliance with the rules of sequence. First, large dots are drawn, then, after drying the large elements, they begin to apply them to the smaller components of the picture.
To complete the pattern, draw the smallest details that are located close to each other.
If baked paints were used in the process, the plate must be placed in the oven at 150-170 degrees and kept there for the amount of time specified in the instructions.
After the paints have dried, the product is coated with acrylic varnish.

Another way of painting is to initially apply dots in the central part of the plate, and then gradually move towards its edges.

You can correct the result at any time: a dry dot can be easily removed with a cotton swab, a dried dot can be easily removed with a sharp object.

Preparing the plate

Select the desired sketch

Markings must be done starting from the middle

Drawing straight lines

Then we draw the rest of the shapes from the sketch

You need to start from the middle of the plate

We continue working from the center to the edges (in circles)

You can make beautiful strokes with a toothpick

Subject of drawings

It is very important to perfectly design the pattern for dot painting. Using different styles will give a plain saucer a distinct theme. Oriental-style ornaments are very popular: dragons, mythical animals, birds, Turkish cucumber, world tree. They will create a special atmosphere in the interior of the house.

The motive of the drawing may vary in content. Geometric patterns are well suited for painting plates. The dots can be located at different intervals, differ in size, and color combination. Symmetry and proportionality are the main criteria when drawing a picture. Various abstract forms, fragments of architecture, weapons, floral arrangements, and elements that imitate animals also look stylish.

In a floral arrangement, even a simple design from a single plant pleases the eye with its natural beauty. More complex patterns contain more artistic elements. The correct combination of colors is the key successful work. Yellow and orange, red and orange, blue and purple, gold and brown, white and pink, blue and green are harmoniously combined.

Eastern images differ in different countries. Thus, in India, flower garlands, animals, and birds are common, and in China - dragons, peaches, peonies, and butterflies.

The point-to-point technique refers to a type of creativity that requires accuracy when performing work. The final result and presentability will depend on this finished product. All types of tableware painting must be carried out in compliance with certain rules. Expert advice:

To correctly place a point on a sketch, the contour should be positioned vertically; do not move it to the side. Upon completion in the same position, it should be moved away from the surface to be decorated.
If you want to change the background, it is recommended to use acrylic primer, which will give the effect of a cloudy white tint.
While working, you should not switch to another shade until all actions with one color are completed.
It is better to varnish the surface of the painting; this will make the product brighter and more interesting.
Symmetry should be observed: to do this, a series of actions are performed sequentially, moving from a simple element to a more complex ornament.
Be sure to dry the finished parts of the work step by step. This will avoid paint spreading (especially when painting on clay and ceramics), and will also extend the life of the finished product.

The drawing process is not as complicated as it might seem at first glance. If you are interested in the dot technique, you should be patient - accuracy, consistency of logical actions and creative inspiration will help you create a real masterpiece.