The franchise business is becoming more and more relevant, and for good reason. It is noteworthy that this option is chosen by both beginners and experienced entrepreneurs, and this is logical. The former do not want to bother with the development of promotional materials, organizational and documentary details, while the latter, in turn, have already “made bumps” in their previous activities and are well aware that it is better to invest your money in a proven business scheme that has been successfully working for many years in a row. .

There are a lot of offers on the franchise market today, and at the moment there are several hundred of them in Russia. It is only important to study very carefully what interests you the most, since there are also little-known and sometimes simply absurd ones.

Moreover, we are talking about Moscow, where there is a lot of competition and, perhaps, branches under a certain brand have already been opened. However, sometimes franchisors allow this type of business, because it is beneficial for them to expand it.

How to choose the right franchise for Moscow?

Ideally, if you are already familiar with a particular type of business and are well aware of all its pros and cons. If practical experience no, you need to study the maximum information about the franchisor. For example, to begin with, visit the office (shop) of the company under the guise of a client, to see how it all looks in reality. You may be able to communicate with franchisees who already work under this brand. Read reviews about the franchise, find out how many branches are open under it. As a rule, dozens or even hundreds of franchisees work under the name of developed and successful companies, because profitable business stable and worked out to the smallest detail.

In the end, think about what exactly you like, and in the most free form. Do you like coffee or sweets? Then you will be able to open a cafe or coffee shop with great success and pleasure. Do you like to draw or are you interested? Today, there are more than enough franchises in these niches.

In the case of Moscow, it is generally very easy to choose a franchise, because there are both elite areas with wealthy residents and peripheral places where budget goods and services will be in better demand among the local population.

In fact, any type of business can be franchised, and this is often one of the goals of any experienced entrepreneur. Expanding your business while getting a good percentage and greater recognition is the best result for many businessmen.

Money to start a business in Moscow

Naturally, the choice is also influenced by the size of the budget that the entrepreneur has. It’s good if there are several million rubles in reserve and it’s not scary to lose them, but what about those who do not have decent start-up capital? Fortunately, there are several options for starting a business in Moscow today. In particular, you can attract money from outside, for example, in the form of a subsidy or grant for business development. Credit can also be called additional opportunity, but here it is worthwhile to approach the issue very competently, because in this case the entrepreneur risks not only to burn out, but also to remain with large debts. In Moscow today there are various business incubators and centers to help start-up entrepreneurs. Of course, there is in Russian capital and the mass of private investors who may be interested in a particular direction. It all depends on the profitability of the business and how the entrepreneur will present it to a potential investor.

Advantages of a franchise business in Moscow

Moscow is exactly the city where people look at the brand more often than at the price. It is quite natural that there are already fans of this or that brand (company), so find target audience It's very easy for a franchise business. Surely in some particular area there are people who are forced to travel to the other end of the city in order to taste their favorite specialty dish or, for example, buy clothes from their favorite brand. Naturally, they will be very happy if a company store or a favorite coffee shop opens in their area. Moscow, as you know, is a very large city, so here you don’t always want to stand in traffic jams or take the metro to the right place.

When buying a franchise, an entrepreneur joins a trading network or becomes a representative of the company that provides him with full consulting, marketing and legal support. Equipment is provided, and sometimes assistance is provided in the selection of premises and staff.

By opening a franchise business, a person joins a business that successfully brings profit not only to the franchisor, but also to the partners of the company. Invaluable advice on general issues can be given here, and, if possible, you can exchange experience with other franchisees. It's definitely better than getting into an unfamiliar kind of business without any support.

When working on a franchise, an entrepreneur does not need to come up with a business idea, because everything has already been worked out and tested in practice more than once. There is a clear business strategy and it is enough just to invest start-up capital. Today there are many franchises that are great for entrepreneurs with no experience in business and personnel management.

A proven way of business development is an opportunity to save on marketing research, market analysis and study of brand popularity. If the niche is in demand, then the profitability of the business will be obvious. Some franchisors provide truthful data on expected income and payback periods. They have no reason to deceive their franchisees, because any owner of a large company is interested in his brand developing.

It is noteworthy that the representatives of the franchisor can draw up an individual business plan for a particular branch - this will clearly determine all costs. In addition, a design project of a retail outlet can be developed and the entire cooperation scheme in the case of a franchise is usually signed in detail. This will reduce many of the risks that can be quite significant in any kind of business.

Do not forget about the advantages of franchising in the sense that the franchisor is a reliable guarantor when obtaining a loan or subsidy, because any investor or lender understands that a well-known brand is the key to stable and high income. Sometimes franchisors can officially confirm the fact of cooperation, and this is a good help in obtaining investments.

Cons of a franchise business in Moscow

Sadly, franchising has its downsides as well. Moreover, if you do not know them, then you can easily “burn out” at the earliest stages of work.

Probably the most significant disadvantage of any franchise is that the future of the business directly depends on the franchisor. That is, if the owner of the parent company decides to stop its activities, then the entire network will automatically be closed, regardless of the number and profitability of branches. To protect yourself from this moment, you should carefully study the terms of franchises. In particular, some agreements explicitly state the terms for using the franchise and talk about compensation for damage in the event that the company's activities are terminated.

Do not forget about such moments as royalties and advertising fees - they are somewhat similar to loan obligations, especially since they must be fulfilled constantly and throughout the entire period of cooperation. Often, these payments are a fixed amount that is paid regardless of profits, so paying royalties is not always easy. However, there are also franchises that do not imply any deductions - when buying a business, a one-time and fixed amount is paid.

The downside can also be called a strong dependence on the franchise owner. Obviously, there may be tight control on the part of the franchisor and the entrepreneur can sometimes feel like a hired employee. On the one hand, this may have a positive impact on profits, but at the same time, the franchisee will be forced to work within narrow limits, constantly reporting to the head office and unconditionally following corporate rules. In addition, dependence here also implies that the prosperity of the franchisee's business directly depends on the demand for the brand. Therefore, if negative reviews or news about the parent company begin to appear, then the shadow will fall on all its branches, and this, again, is fraught with the loss of customers. Again, if we are talking about Moscow, then control can be stronger, and attention - more. It is natural that all business processes here go much faster than in small towns.

The total investment when starting a franchise business is often more than when starting from scratch. When buying a franchise, you will have to pay an initial fee, buy goods and various marketing materials. When starting a business on your own, these costs may not be required, and in general you can save a lot, because in this case you have complete freedom of choice.

What is important to remember when opening a franchise business in Moscow?

Based on the foregoing, we can make a fair conclusion that it is better to choose a franchise business that better meets the individual criteria of an entrepreneur. As we said at the very beginning, today in Russia, however, as well as in Moscow, hundreds of franchises are successfully operating, so it is difficult to give recommendations on which one is better to choose. You should build on, at a minimum, the financial possibilities and conditions offered by the franchisor. It is necessary to carefully study all the nuances of such cooperation, and only then it will be possible to say that this partnership will be more likely to be successful.

Having caught fire with the idea of ​​​​creating his own business and having viewed hundreds of seemingly profitable franchise offers, an aspiring entrepreneur with fire in his eyes runs to his future mentor partner to buy a franchise. And it's good if the partner turns out to be a real mentor, and the franchise offer is really profitable. And if not?

After reading this article, you will learn:

• How to avoid the 12 most common mistakes new franchisees make
• How not to run into scammers
• What you need to know when choosing a franchise
• How to negotiate with a franchisor
• and much more.

So you've decided to buy a franchise. How not to make a false choice?

Beware of fakes!

To begin with, it is worth familiarizing yourself with what franchises are, selling which companies are engaged in, one might say, fraud. There are three kinds.

Firstly, shell franchise. Entrepreneurial citizens create trademark and copy all the attributes of some popular brand - from corporate colors to the terms of the franchise package. As a rule, such a trademark is not even registered. An inexperienced franchisee takes the bait and buys a useless franchise.

In addition to external similarity, such a franchise has nothing to do with a popular brand.

It has no commercial value. The main goal of creating a shell franchise is to quickly make a profit, to push the franchisee to buy a franchise, the price of which is based on false popularity and fame. Only after signing the contract, an inexperienced entrepreneur feels all the consequences of a rash purchase.

The unfortunate franchisee pays for the mistake not only with his money, having bought a dummy, but also with his reputation. The owner of the original brand, having discovered a fake, can sue, and for both the buyer and the seller of the franchise. Using a stolen idea and delivering a low-quality product, the franchisee will forever lose the trust of customers and partners.

There are enough examples of empty franchises. So, the famous pseudo-franchise « ZaraZara» at some point had more outlets in Russia than the original Zara. Or Eurosvyaz- the prototype of Euroset, too lazy to come up with even a different logo.

Naturally, the fight against such dummies and plagiarists is carried out by the owners of real brands. For example, recently the company "PrintInstvud" I ran into a similar problem when I discovered my doppelgänger. The owners of the original product learned about the pseudo-franchise from a franchisee partner and found out that the owners of this dummy, pretending to be potential franchisees, stole the contract form, image and concept of machines from PrintInstvud.

“We developed the model ourselves, appearance of their machines and, accordingly, we produce them ourselves. In order to coordinate the appearance of the machine with the franchisee, we send him a visualization - a layout of how it will look like. On the website of the pseudo-franchise, we saw fragments directly from our presentation. Now we are working to ensure that the site of scammers is closed, ”a representative of PrintInstvud shared information.

The second enemy of a potential franchisee is one-day franchise. Very beautifully painted benefits, backed up by convincing but unverified facts. A wonderful tale that is told to the franchisee so that he pays the entry fee. Literally a week after he gives the money, the buyer will never see or hear from his “franchisor” again.

Such companies and franchises are created with the aim of making money and disappearing.

So we urge you to pay attention to the date of registration of the company and the date of opening the franchise. If both dates are doubtfully recent, then whatever they say or promise, it is better to pass such proposals by the side.

And the third, but not the most terrible enemy are "raw franchises". Young company with promising business, which, in principle, is doing well, decides to open a franchise. However, she has neither experience, nor well-developed business schemes, nor the ability to provide proper support to franchisees. That is, in this kind of franchises, again there is no thing for which people actually buy franchise offers.

“Unfortunately, such companies in Lately is getting bigger and bigger. Now there is a kind of “franchise fashion”, i.e. many entrepreneurs, even if they have only recently started a business and are not yet very well versed in it themselves, are quickly trying to create a franchise and start selling it. It is clear that in this case, about any quality of materials and transmission real experience, verified and proven technologies are out of the question. This devalues ​​the very concept of "franchise", - the representative of the company shared his opinion Maxim Seryakov.

The “raw franchise” has two possible development paths. The first is that the business will close in a couple of years, bringing both the franchisor and its franchisee only losses and a damaged reputation. In the second case, together they will find ways out of difficult situations, checking for errors the performance of the business model. However, in this case, a logical question arises: why give money for a franchise if you have to go through all the same stages as when opening a business on your own?

Think with your head

A very serious mistake of a novice franchisee is excessive trust in the franchisor's forecasts. In large companies, as a rule, there are franchising departments involved in sales. It is clear that their goal, no matter what, is to sell their franchise. We do not want to say that you can not trust anyone and that everyone is completely deceitful. But given the risks that the franchise buyer takes, he should be more critical of the promises of the franchisor.

It would not be superfluous for a partner to independently analyze the market in the territory of the proposed business location. If you are considering buying a franchise for small town, then it may well turn out that the product that was in great demand in the center of the capital, in your case, will be completely unclaimed. It is also worth looking for nearby competitors, perhaps there will be so many of them that there is simply no point in opening a business in this area and in this place.

Plan your budget

Franchisees need to calculate their costs at the initial stage and acquire a monetary airbag, in the amount at least 1/3 from the initial investment. When starting a business, there are always unforeseen but necessary expenses and hidden fees. Therefore, we recommend discussing the budget in detail with your franchisor, since companies usually indicate the average amount of required investments in franchise presentations.

In turn, the company "Sweetberry" tries at the first consultation to identify such misconceptions among the franchisee.

“At the very beginning of negotiations, we give a detailed budget, detailed information on opening expenses, on doing business for the first six months after opening and for each future season. We don’t have hidden payments, the website publishes the calculation directly for the implementation of the project launch.” - a representative of the company shared her experience Anastasia Salova.

You need to understand that in addition to the initial startup investment, you will have monthly expenses for salaries, rent and other expenses that are not compensated by income. On average, for three to six months, you will only invest in a business, working in the red, until you reach the break-even point. Only after that you will be able to start your way to the next frontier of the business plan - the payback point**.

*Break-even point is the sales volume at which revenue covers expenses. In fact, you go "to zero". The company will only make a profit when you start selling additional units of production.

**Payback point - the moment when the amount of earned profit covers the initial investment.

Get everything in writing

With the franchisor, you can agree on anything, but All your agreements must be in writing and signed by both parties. This is a smart way of doing things. Because relations between partners are built on documents, on what is recorded in them. Use at least e-mail correspondence, for the convenience of communication and control over the obligations taken. The promises of the franchisor, not supported by anything other than an honest word, can cost you dearly, since there will be nothing to refer to.

Read what you sign

A new partner needs to study the entire package of documents in the most detailed way. As already mentioned, this is what the entire business of the franchisee will be built on. Pay attention to the very name of the contract.

In Russia, franchising as a type of business is not legally fixed and is regulated mainly by a commercial concession agreement or a license agreement.

Be attentive to the term of the contract, it must be at least three years, as well as to the territory in which the franchisee can use the rights granted. It is important to check the company's documents for the right to own intellectual property, request copies of the trademark registration certificate and independently check its number on the Rospatent website.

If you do not understand the documents at all, then it is better not to save money and hire a professional lawyer! By saving on professionals, you can go broke.

No need to brand

Buying a franchise of a popular brand does not yet give you a 100% guarantee of success. Of course, well-known companies, as a rule, take a responsible approach to opening a franchise and really help their franchisees develop successful business. However, there were situations exactly the opposite, when partners went bankrupt by buying a popular franchise.

Chat more!

You should not limit yourself to communicating with only one representative of the company, moreover, if his main task is to convince you of buying a franchise. Talk directly to your manager and also to the people you will be working with. Your task is to get as complete a picture as possible about the franchise and the business you will be involved in.

For successful work For a franchise, at a minimum, you need to learn as much as possible about the company itself.

“Determine the scope of the company’s business, find out what way the franchisor offers to sell its products, pay attention to the type of goods and services, the advantages of the franchise, whether the company is a manufacturer, what is the quality of products and the geography of distribution of franchised enterprises,” the representative of the company shares his opinion "NANOPROTECH" Sergei Selyakov.

Be sure to find contacts of other franchisees of this company, including former ones. We recommend you come and see how it works operating business on the chosen franchise, to communicate with the franchisee, to hear first-hand feedback about the company that will become your franchisor.

If you're considering acquiring a non-exclusive franchise in your region, it's worth finding out about the location of your closest fellow competitors and agreeing on a sphere of influence.

If the franchisor hides the location and contacts of his franchisees or any other information from a potential partner, it is clearly not worth doing business with him.

Ask the Right Questions

Talk to your franchisor and find out not just how many franchises the company opened, but how many closed and why. It would also be nice to know how many enterprises are reopening, that is, are franchisees limited to opening only one point? This information will be very valuable to you. Again, if the franchisor does not want to provide you with complete information, you do not need to start a business with him. You don't want to buy a pig in a poke, do you?

“Transparency and purity of relations are a priority for our company, therefore, during negotiations, we do not try to hide information about isolated cases of closed franchise stores. On the contrary, we talk about what caused the failures, what mistakes the franchisees made. We are convinced that the key to the successful development of the franchising system is, first of all, open and honest relations,” the company explained its position.

Don't Avoid Learning

Franchisees should adequately assess their strengths and knowledge. The decision to run a franchise business comes different people, with different experiences. Someone has no business practice at all, someone has experience in managerial positions, and someone already has their own enterprises, opened from scratch.

Whatever colossal business experience you have behind you, training from the franchisor is necessary!

He will explain how to start a franchise business from scratch in a field that is completely new to you. After all, every industry and every company has its own characteristics, which you may not even be aware of.

Learning is an important element when buying a franchise! An experienced franchisor should transfer knowledge, proven methods of work and schemes for building a business to you. Learning and developing, constantly improving, is necessary for every entrepreneur who intends to build profitable business on long years. Otherwise it is impossible to achieve success.

“When we offer a franchisee to listen to our recommendations, we do not question his life and professional experience. We pay attention to the difficulties, possible difficulties, specific moments of our business model, trying in this way to make it easier for partners to make their own way in business,” notes the co-owner and founder of the TM franchise "Orange Elephant" Zhanna Asatryan.- “As a rule, very creative franchisees start experimenting from the first month, believing that after working for 2-3 months, they understand better than the franchisor what, when and in what ratio they need to sell. Such experiences always end badly. A franchisee rarely survives a year and closes with a pile of debt to suppliers. We part with such would-be franchisees, usually mutually dissatisfied with each other.

Don't expect everything to be done for you.

In the world of franchising, there is one big myth that when acquiring a franchise, a person does not need to try and invest in work. However, a franchise business is the same business in which you need to work and think all the time - first of all, the franchisee himself. Yes, the franchisor provides already proven developments and helps the new partner avoid many mistakes, but the direct owner manages his business first of all.

Together with the franchisor, the partner should strive to optimize the business, eliminate errors and develop. Of course, to begin with, it is important to set up the work of your enterprise and learn a lot of new information. However, you cannot stop there and together with your mentor you need to move forward, look for new opportunities and eliminate inefficient mechanisms.

“The Personal Solution company, even at the stage of selling a franchise, tries to convey to people that our business (like everyone else) requires a lot of time and effort. We try to immediately prepare people for the fact that they will have to work hard, they will have to study and master a huge amount of information, they will have to work on themselves and rebuild their way of thinking, ”says a representative of the Personal Solution company Maxim Seryakov.“When communicating with partners, we also try to develop their independence, entrepreneurial approach and teach them to think with their own heads before taking action. Because the success of any business primarily depends on the entrepreneur himself, and even the most detailed description of work technologies cannot cover all possible situations that the franchisee may encounter.

Choose the best for your team

Company employees are the face of your business. And a very gross mistake of the franchisee is the lack of due attention to their selection and training. “Many entrepreneurs may underestimate the importance of staff. Nevertheless, competent qualified personnel is at least 60% of the revenue and success of the enterprise,” comments the head of the franchising department of the optics salon network "Happy Look" Olesya Ivanova.

The quality of work of your employees directly affects the reputation and profitability of the company. Not without reason, most franchisors have a separate system for selecting and training their staff.

“In the Happy Look company, all franchisee personnel undergo a mandatory two-week training at the company's main office. Such training has several stages and is completely free,” says Olesya Ivanova.

However, staff travel can be very expensive and inconvenient due to the fact that people are interrupted from their work. However, franchisors have found a solution to this problem. Yes, the company "Express office" conducts the entire course of study online. For this in in electronic format presents interactive diagrams and teaching aids, there is a corporate chat uniting company employees from the head office and official representative offices in the regions.

"We have a functioning The educational center which helps the staff to become highly qualified professionals. Thanks to him, everyone new employee practically from the first days, he is well versed in his work and further improves his knowledge and skills,” the representative of trading network office furniture Dmitry Sokolov.

Customers interact directly with your employees and judge your business by the quality of their work. Not without reason, managers are strongly advised to visit the so-called mystery shopper at their own enterprise. You will be able, based on personal feelings, to understand what opinion visitors and partners have about you.

Don't Treat the Franchise as a Hobby

A franchise business is not something you can only do in your spare time. It is work and constant work. Therefore, you should not think that this is a kind of passive income, and you can transfer all worries into the hands of managers. As soon as you step back from business, the business will disappear. So if you are not ready to devote all your time to the development of your business, you should not buy a franchise.

In order for you to always make the right choice when buying a franchise offer, the BIBOSS business portal publishes annually, which has absorbed itself best deals for business in Russia.

01Jun

Hello! In this article, we will talk about starting a franchise business.

Today you will learn:

• What are the benefits of running a franchise business?
• What is the best franchise business to start.

What is a franchise

Let's start with the main thing - the definition of a franchise.

Franchise - a set of benefits that allow legal or to an individual use the company brand.

More simple:

Franchise – the right to use the brand, technology and experience of a well-known company.

The person who buys a franchise is called a "franchisee". The franchisor is the one who grants the right to use the brand.

That is, the very concept of a franchise implies the purchase of the right to work under the name of a well-known company. At the same time, you can buy not only the brand, but also all the marketing and strategic developments that will allow you to start a business.

Also, most companies are responsible for equipment, choosing a place to do business, developing an initial advertising plan, and many other things that make it possible to succeed.

It is worth talking about advertising separately. Since in most cases you are buying a ready-made brand, the market has already taken care of it. And a developed network of franchises allows you to advertise the same product by several businessmen, which significantly reduces the cost of promotion.

The franchising system is widely used in public catering. The brightest representative is McDonald's. The company has been promoting its services on a franchise model for over 30 years.

Franchise types

Specialists subdivide several types of franchises:

1. classical. The most popular type of franchise in Europe. The owner pays the initial amount for the purchase of the franchise, regular contributions in the form of a % of the yield and operates under close supervision by the franchisor.
2. free. The most popular type of franchise in Russia. The owner gets almost complete freedom of action, rough plan business activities and minimum contributions. Characterized by an average down payment.
3. Import-substituting. Creating products that are similar to well-known brands.
4. Full construction. When choosing this model, the franchisor himself creates a business and for a certain fee transfers it to the property of the manager. The profit is divided depending on the terms of the contract between the manager and the franchisor.
5. Rent. Almost the same as a turnkey business, with the only difference being that the business is leased out for a fixed period.
6. Master Franchise. Purchase of monopoly rights to conduct business in the region. The franchisee has the right to decide how to conduct business. He receives only general advice on how to conduct business, but under this model, intervention from the company will be minimal.
7. Corporate. The owner simply creates under the name of a well-known brand, but makes most of the decisions on his own. The franchisor can only tell him his suppliers, the main activities of the company and the range. The businessman himself is responsible for everything else.

The chosen type of franchise will depend on the number, experience and aspirations of the franchisee.

At the same time, for Russian economy more characteristic is the free type of franchise, in which the franchisor is only interested in the down payment - the purchase of the brand. For this he gives the recipe successful business, as well as contacts of most suppliers.

This is where the collaboration almost ends. The franchisee and the franchisor will only discuss issues together and promote common goods and services.

But Europeans often choose a stricter classical model due to the fact that it provides constant assistance from the franchisor, and, accordingly, supervision over the quality of doing business. With this option, freedom is lost, and with it the probability of making a mistake.

Pros and cons of a franchise

In order to study the positive and negative aspects of starting a franchise business, you need to touch on statistics. Official data says that about 80% of start-up entrepreneurs are weeded out in the first year. And of the remaining 20 - 15 after 5 years of work.

Of course, this statistic considers the sale of rights, the purchase by large companies and other transactions beneficial for the businessman to be a failure. But the general trend is this - about 1/3 of real businesses are successful with start-up entrepreneurs.

And this is where the main positive side franchises - reliability. In fact, after the purchase, you get a ready-made recipe for how to run a working business. With all the suppliers, the choice of products and services, a multi-year team of analysts and a clear one that includes all the little things, down to the heating requirements of the building.

Buying a franchise of a well-known brand, you will receive a clear plan on how to make a successful business that will bring profit within a few years.

According to official statistics, aspiring entrepreneurs who have chosen a franchising model as the development of their business save up to 5 years for the development of their own company.

Of the implicit pluses, one can still distinguish:

• from the franchisor;
• Availability of trusted suppliers;
• Advertising campaign within the brand.

Franchising statistics are somewhat different than in real business. About 60% of franchise businesses are successful. At the same time, 30 out of 40 were at a loss due to own mistakes due to deviation from the franchisor's business plan.

And the remaining 10% incorrectly chose the region for business promotion. That is, if you choose the right region and fully follow the advice of the company, then the business will bring a stable income.

But in addition to the pros, there are several significant disadvantages that can weed out most novice businessmen.

Minuses:

• Price;
• Ease of doing business.

And if everything is clear with the first - for example, it may take up to 30 million rubles to open a small McDonald's restaurant, then with the second everything is not so clear.

On the one hand, everything is simple - there are working tips that must be followed, and the profit will not be long in coming. On the other hand, an entrepreneur will not gain experience by trying various strategies, "stuffing bumps" and coping with crises.

A franchise business is more like a game according to predetermined rules - do it and you will get a stable business and income. After a few years, you may be allowed to "change the menu" or "add a small shop."

And now we have reached the restrictions and requirements that most franchisors impose on potential buyers of the brand.

If we touch on the most popular - franchised fast food, then there are a lot of requirements:

• To buildings;
• to the staff;
• To the menu;
• To the franchisee.

And also a lot of restrictions like: do not change the menu, train the first employees strictly from the franchisor, buy equipment from such and such a manufacturer, purchase only from these suppliers for the first time, etc. Each has individual conditions, but the essence is approximately the same: do the same, as well-known representatives of the brand.

But at the same time, one should not think that such actions according to the template will be unprofitable. Majority large companies, who are concerned about their franchisees being successful, conduct analytical work, during which they identify the needs of the region, features, which product should be launched, what is the most convenient time for this, etc.

The team will make a full analysis of how to make successful brand in an average city or metropolis, which is more profitable to launch in central Russia, and that in the southern regions.

Is it worth starting a franchise business?

From the previous point, it became clear that the franchise has both its pros and cons.

Summarizing all this, it can be noted that:

If you find a good franchisor and follow his advice, you will get a successful business that will bring a stable profit in 90% of cases. At the same time, a number of restrictions are imposed on the businessman, which are set by the franchisor, in an attempt to protect him from wrong decisions.

It follows from this that running a franchise business is great way start your entrepreneurial journey. But working with big brands will require a significant amount of money. Therefore, it is better to start your own business with cooperation with medium-sized franchisors.

For more experienced businessmen, working with large franchisors saves a significant amount of time on project promotion. From 1 to 3 years to get your share in the market and from 2 to 4 to be able to fully gain a foothold in it.

How to start a franchise business

Starting a franchise business is quite easy. It is enough to go through 7 steps, after which you can have a legal and highly profitable business.

Step 1. Determining the scope

Unlike the countries of Europe and America, where fast food dominates steadily and confidently, franchising promotion in the field of retail sales of non-food products is more popular in Russia.

Then comes the provision various services And only after that comes fast food. Food retail and occupies 3% of the total volume of the Russian franchising market.

Let's consider each of possible areas separately:

• Retail. Represents interaction with major brands that operate in the region. In fact, it will be the purchase of wholesale consignments of goods and retail sales. Outstanding representatives who provide their goods for sale are Lacoste, Oodji. Those who send purchased goods to their franchisees - Sportmaster, Sela, etc.;
• Catering. Everything is simple here. You either rent a place at the food court and sell food and drinks under the brand name of a well-known brand. The menu is chosen by the franchisor, he also provides a database of suppliers, checks the premises and trains the staff. The most famous representatives are Subway, McDonalds;
• Production. The most profitable and least liquid way to invest in a franchise. You can produce under a franchise: vegetables, flowers, bakery products and other similar products. The franchisor most often participates in the creation of production, shares recipes for creation and its channels for selling products in the region. A prominent representative of the production franchise is Pokrovsky bakeries;
• Clothes and shoes of famous brands. Opening stores of famous brands is quite a profitable business. You will sell a range of well-known products in your region, while receiving full advertising support from the franchisor. Basically, you just open a branch store. Well-known brands - H&M, Timeout.

The choice of the field of activity depends entirely on the preferences of the businessman. In each of the segments, you can find both franchises with a small entry threshold - 100-400 thousand rubles, and large giants - from 20 million rubles per brand. At the same time, the sphere of production remains the most difficult, and the sphere of retail trade remains the least demanding on the manager's qualifications.

Step 2. Choosing a specific franchise and completing training

After choosing a niche, you will need to carefully study all the franchise offers. To do this, you can use our. The choice you make will directly affect your profit.

The qualifications of the franchisor will depend on:

• Profitability of the enterprise;
• Stability;
• Competitiveness;
• Demand.

As mentioned earlier, with a good franchisor, you will get a working recipe for a business that will bring long-term income. But a bad partner can only take the money and give a rough plan that contains general instructions on how to create some kind of business.

Signs of a good franchisor:

• brand awareness;
• Availability of a training center;
• Research of the region;
• Availability of supplier base;
• Clear rules and requirements;
• Real profitability figures;
• Investments in advertising.

All these points show the attitude of the franchisor towards the buyers of the franchise. It makes no sense for a well-known brand to sell a low-quality product - including its name. The learning center indicates that some of the secrets of how the company's business is conducted have not been made public and they still have to learn.

A good analytical team that researches the needs of the region and builds a supplier base speaks volumes about the quality of doing business. Only those who bet on results can afford to invest in information and analysis.

The presence of clear requirements is an invariable quality of a good franchisor. Since he is interested in the franchisee developing and not making mistakes, he will protect him by setting clear requirements.

It is also aimed at maintaining the brand. And investments in advertising mean that, for the most part, at the expense of the franchisor, a businessman will be able to get good advertising for his business and quickly attract customers.

Step 3. Document preparation

At this stage, you should choose the legal form in which you will work on a franchise. There are two options for doing business: as or.

Doing business like individual entrepreneur has a number of advantages:

• Ease and speed of opening.

But at the same time, you will be liable with your property for the obligations of your individual entrepreneur. However, even if you work at a loss, you will need to pay 35,000 a year to the social security fund.

Also, an individual entrepreneur cannot hire a large staff of workers - which can significantly slow down business development.

At the same time, the LLC has one significant plus - in the case of liability, liability can only be collected from the property of the company.

At the same time, LLC has a more complex and accounting system, and has a time-consuming state registration procedure.

When choosing a legal form, it should be borne in mind that when choosing an individual entrepreneur, all types of business related to cigarettes, etc. will not be available to you.

Step 4. Search and refurbishment of the premises

In any business, space plays a huge role. That is why every franchisor has a clear idea of ​​what it should be like for successful business.

When examining the various franchises in the conditions, the requirements for the premises will be indicated each time.

In most of them:

• Volume from ** square meters;
• The presence of a water supply;
• Compliance with all safety standards;
• Various specific features. Varies from business to business.

Some allow their franchisees to rent the premises, while others insist that it be their own.

Most franchisors operating in different regions of Russia have their own bases of suitable premises for each city. You can also use consultants from franchisors who, in short time find a place to do business. This is one of the advantages of working with medium and large brands.

Step 5. Purchase of equipment

One of the easiest steps. The franchisor issues contacts of all suppliers, or is completely independently engaged in the purchase and delivery of equipment. Also, specialists can deal with the installation of all equipment. About 80% of all costs are spent on the premises and preparation of equipment before opening your own business.

At the same time, if you work with European brands, you will need to purchase quite expensive equipment, and it will not be possible to buy Russian analogues. And because of the high price, the quality of the equipment will be appropriate.

For example, for German equipment purchased by McDonald's franchisees, the warranty is from 10 to 30 years.

Step 6. Preliminary preparation

The process of preliminary preparation includes: purchase of goods, preparation of premises, holding advertising campaign and a test run of a store/restaurant. This process will be managed by the franchisor's specialists: their the main task- find flaws and eliminate them even before launch, simultaneously teaching a businessman various subtleties of doing business.

It can take from 1 to 3 months to prepare a business in advance.

Step 7. Starting a business

After preliminary preparation, it is time to start the business. For the first time after the launch, the franchisor's specialists and analysts will closely monitor the performance of the store/restaurant. After a few months, the franchisee will have more freedom, for example, to vary the assortment of the store.

After 1-2 years have passed, the franchisee will be able to fully take control of the business and choose suppliers of goods, train employees on their own and build a sales line as they see fit.

That is, over time, any franchisee gets much more freedom, regardless of the chosen form of franchise. Even with the classic model with such a tough franchisor as McDonalds, after 1 year you can change the menu, after a year and a half - create your own dishes, and after 2 - on the territory of the restaurant and next to it.

All about paying a franchise

Now let's talk in more detail about financial side question.

When selling a franchise, the franchisor has two options:

• Require only a down payment, which will pay off all the costs of assistance in starting a business;
• Require a down payment, as well as monthly (quarterly or annual) contributions in the amount of % of the business.

The franchise fee is called a lump-sum fee. This is a one-time payment, which is calculated from all the costs that the franchisor will have to bear to open a business, as well as payment for its services.

The monthly fee for using a franchise is called a royalty.

There are 3 types of royalties:

• Percentage of turnover;
• Percentage from the markup of goods;
• Fixed royalty.

The most commonly used percentage of turnover - from the amount of income withheld from 5 to 30% monthly, depending on how profitable the business is.

At the same time, as mentioned earlier, if the franchisor charges only a lump-sum fee as a franchise fee, this means that he will be less interested in developing your business.

It will be enough for him to receive a large amount once, give a business plan and leave in an unknown direction, leaving the businessman to deal with own project on one's own.

On the other hand, large royalties can negatively affect the profitability of a business. True, most franchisors take into account the profitability of their projects, so they set quite adequate rates of 5-15% of the profit per month. This makes it possible to earn money from the entire branch network, and at the same time leave them a significant amount of profit.

There is another contribution - advertising. Thanks to him, it is formed advertising budget, which is spent on promoting the whole brand in all regions. Thus, paying from 10 to 100 thousand rubles a month, depending on the volume of business, you will be able to receive full-fledged advertising in your region, as well as increase brand confidence around the world, which also has a positive effect on sales.

Franchise Examples

In the end, let's look at 3 large franchises in three different areas: McDonald's, Pyaterochka, Lacoste.

McDonald's.

Appearing on Russian market relatively recently, a large catering giant began to dictate its own, rather stringent conditions.

In order to be eligible to use a McDonald's franchise, you must:

• Have capital from 10 to 40 million rubles, depending on the city and the size of the restaurant. At the same time, at least 50% of the funds must be own, not borrowed. The remaining 50% you can pay within 7 years at a minimum percentage of the company itself;
• Get paid training. Tuition price - $ 10,000;
• Have extensive experience in business or catering.

In fact, in order to open a McDonald's franchise, you must either be an established businessman or have extensive experience in the food service industry.

The McDonald's lump sum is $45,000. Royalties - 12.5%. Payback period - 3-5 years.

Pyaterochka.

Retail grocery stores in Russia prefer to develop organically - not by selling franchises, but by independently expanding production areas and absorbing regional retail chains.

But X5 Retail Group, the owners of Pyaterochka, Perekrestok and Karusel stores, decided to create a franchise network in Russia grocery stores with fairly favorable conditions.

Conditions:

• Availability own premises(suitable for long-term rental);
• Positive business reputation;
• Availability trading floor from 100 sq. m.

Lump sum - 750,000 - 1,000,000 rubles. There is no legal royalty. But here lies one important detail - according to the contract, the franchisee receives a commission in the amount of 14 to 17% of the store's income. Quite a profitable scheme for start-up entrepreneurs.

The payback period for the business is 1.5-2 years. A great option for businessmen with no experience.

Lacoste.

The most controversial one on this list.

There are few requirements, but they are quite strict:

• Presence of own premises - 100-150 sq. m.;
• Experience in the field retail sales and having their own clothing stores.

There are no lump-sum fees and royalties. You will buy branded clothes, shoes and accessories and sell them in your store. The franchisor will need to pay for the products and the mandatory advertising percentage.

The payback period depends on the businessman. The freest franchisor, only for the most experienced entrepreneurs.

These three franchisors show a completely different approach to franchising. One is a classic European with tight boundaries and excellent strategy. The second is a typical Russian, with a rather strange approach in the form of agency fees. And the third is an American, with favorable conditions for himself, who is looking for an experienced partner.

Each franchisor is an individual and a company with decades of experience behind it. Consider all the features when choosing a partner, up to the size of the room and the severity of the conditions.

Conclusion

Starting a franchise business is the most profitable way for aspiring entrepreneurs to start their own business. In Russia, the most popular franchises with investments ranging from 400 thousand to 4 million rubles.

If you have such capital, then literally in 1.5 - 3 years you will be able to recoup all investments and reach an income of 40 to 500 thousand rubles a month.

An integrated right to use a trademark or brand, as well as technologies, business practices and other forms of intellectual property, that one company sells to another to expand its network. The franchise price consists of a lump-sum fee (basic payment) and royalties (monthly deductions).

According to the rules of franchising, the franchisor company (selling the right) undertakes to research the market in your locality and make a conclusion whether the business will be successful for the franchisee (the party buying the right). However, many companies (especially if there is a large lump-sum contribution in the contract), in an effort to make a quick profit, may intentionally not notify you of low demand for products or services. Therefore, before buying a franchise, you must independently study the product you are interested in and analyze the market and target audience.

What are the types of franchises

By type of activity, there are three main groups of franchises:

1. Production- release of products according to the company's standards and under its trademark. With this form of cooperation, the franchisor must provide you with all the technological sequences, provide a list of suppliers of raw materials and equipment to equip the production complex.
2. Trade- sale of branded goods produced by partners identified by the franchisor. With such cooperation, the franchisor determines from whom you will purchase goods and at what cost to sell it, chooses where the store will be located and what area it should be.
3. Services- provision of services under the brand of the company. The franchisor must provide you with instructions on the procedure and conditions for the provision of services, as well as train hired personnel.

Franchising can be of two types:

1. Straight- transfer of the right to open one or more representative offices in the region. Such franchises do not require large investments and make it easy to enter the market.
2. Master Franchise- transfer of exclusive rights to all representative offices in the region. By purchasing such a franchise, you will be protected from the possibility that other companies will open in your area using a similar model.

Depending on the terms of the contract, franchises of the following types are also distinguished:

• Standard- the franchisor controls all stages of the company's activities and does not allow deviations from the standards adopted by him. This format is suitable for novice entrepreneurs, as it allows you to avoid many mistakes.
• free- the rules of operation of the franchisee enterprise are established conditionally. Such a franchise is suitable for experienced investors whose main goal is to quickly enter the market.
• With substitution- technologies and methods of work are established by the franchisor, but you can choose suppliers yourself. This format is suitable for manufacturing enterprises in remote regions.
• Shelf company- the franchisor opens a representative office, fully dealing with organizational issues, and then sells or leases it to the franchisee with the subsequent payment of royalties. This model requires high starting investments in business, but it is also the easiest way that starts to make a profit in the shortest possible time.

How to choose the right franchise

After you decide on the direction and type of goods or services, you should start looking for suitable offers. To do this, you can conduct independent market research or use online catalogs(franch.biz, franshiza.ru, beboss.ru, greens-idea.com). To choose a reliable franchise, the following instructions will be useful to you:

• When choosing a destination, pay attention to the cost of the franchise. The latter includes a lump-sum fee and royalties that are paid for the right to use a trademark and business model, but do not include the costs of equipment, rental and the first purchase of goods or raw materials. This means that the business inexpensive franchise production of goods may require much more investment than trade or services with a large lump-sum contribution, since it requires additional investments.
• When choosing a specific product or service, study the competition in your area. If it is high, even the most reliable franchise may not be a profitable investment.
• Select a few offers in your direction and compare the conditions.
• Study the history of each company and personally visit the existing representative offices in your own and neighboring regions. If the company is very young (it must be at least 5 years old) and does not have its own divisions, most likely you have an unreliable partner in front of you.
• Analyze feedback from customers who buy goods or services from selected franchises. Goods or services must be real and in demand in the market.
• Negotiate with entrepreneurs from neighboring regions (in order to avoid a conflict of interest, it is better not to contact representatives in your region) working under this franchise. Learn the strengths and weaknesses of the business.
• Assess the level of investment in your own business. If you are offered to start a business under a free franchise, in most cases this is a standard offer for the supply of goods for sale.

Step 2. Concluding an agreement with the franchisor

After the initial selection of proposals, before concluding an agreement, you need to study the features of the transaction in more detail. To do this, it is required to hold a preliminary meeting with representatives of the franchisor's company and obtain legal advice on the proposed contract.

How to conduct preliminary negotiations

The first meeting with the franchisor is usually held at the office or in the co-working center if the company does not have a representative office in your area. If you are invited to a cafe, most likely you are dealing with a fictitious or unprofitable franchise. An exception may be the option when the meeting is scheduled at the cafe whose franchise you are buying.

If you are an aspiring entrepreneur, if possible, invite an experienced business consultant with you to the meeting. You should ask the franchisor for the following points:

• Availability and terms of registration of copyright for a trademark. It is not uncommon for a franchisor to sell rights to a brand that is not registered or ownership expires before the expiration of the contract with the franchisee.
• Amount and schedule of payments. You must be provided with details of the lump sum and royalties in local currency. If amounts are in convertible currencies, the exchange rate must be specified. Royalty can be a fixed amount or expressed as a percentage. Sometimes royalty is linked to the volume of the enterprise (for example, to the area of ​​the trading floor).
• Organizational expenses. Many companies, in order to attract franchisees, make the lump-sum fee minimal or do not include it at all in the contract. On the other hand, it often turns out that in this case, the franchisee is charged with the costs of creating design projects for outlets (shops, offices), training staff, and issuing permits.
• Choosing a business location. Going to a meeting with the franchisor, you can choose in advance several locations where you would like to place your enterprise, but your future partner may himself offer you cost-effective options that you cannot refuse in the event of a deal.
• Support Level. Ideally, the franchisor should provide you with comprehensive assistance and advice until the business reaches the desired level. But many companies provide little to no support during the start-up period, which can be a deciding factor for newcomers.
• Level of control. You need to know how strict the rules for the franchise you are interested in are, as well as determine the boundaries for making your own decisions (what you can change and what not). This applies to the purchase of equipment, raw materials, goods, as well as pricing and overall strategy.

Even a 15-year-old schoolboy knows that business is a thing that requires money. It does not matter what it is about - a chain of restaurant complexes or a stationary car wash. If in the first case we need a lot of money to buy / build a room, equip it, hire staff, purchase goods, then in the second case, at least, we need a brush, washcloth, water and detergents. Agree, in both cases, the so-called start-up capital will be required.

Forget about the word "free" if you decide to dive head first into the franchise business. This does not happen from the word "generally". Even if you are already slipped a contract and sweetly promised that you can buy a franchise without investment - the first thing to do in such a situation is to dive headlong. No, not in business, but in a commercial concession agreement. Yes, yes, in the very piece of paper that the manager girl so persistently offers you.

Let's look at what kind of beast this is, a “franchise without investments”, and under what conditions you can be offered free business. Go.

"Free franchise": for free and sweet vinegar?

Let's imagine some abstract Nicholas. For example, a guy spent his entire adult life scrolling in the garage near his beloved car mechanic relative, raving about engines and memorizing the internal structure of any car. And so, Nikolai grew up, but the desire to deal with machines did not disappear, but on the contrary, it grew.

Seeing that the most famous auto repair brand (SRT) sells franchises in the regions, Nikolai decided not to spend the next 20 years collecting the necessary amount to open a car repair shop, but simply turned on his head. He collected various data for a month, studied the market, and finally compiled good business plan to open his workshop. Since Nikolai was also smart, he did not beat investors with his plan, but turned directly to the franchisor. Nikolai understood that the service station, operating under famous brand, practically guarantees him a profit and a flow of customers.

If you need help in selecting a profitable franchise or auditing the chosen one, please contact me, I have extensive experience in franchising, I will be happy to help!

Having considered the proposal, the franchisor, who was interested in developing his brand, decided to meet Nikolai halfway. Thus, the guy became the owner of a branded service station, practically without investing a penny in his business. BUT! In the next 2 years, Nikolay will work off the funds invested by the franchisor.

This is the most the best option"free cheese". It is important to understand that it will not work without investments at all. In any case, someone will invest the funds - and if it is not you, then your franchisor or a third party, to whom you will then remain indebted.

The above story has a fabulous/mythological character. IN real life such events are extremely rare. Franchisors usually prefer the "money in the morning, chairs in the evening" model. Few people want to take the risk by investing in " dark horse". But still, such a development of events is possible.

Common options for "free" franchises

Typically, brand owners who are interested in developing their business offer the following franchise options without investment (you can find a lot of such offers on the Internet):

1. 0 lump sum and a certain percentage of royalties;
2. the presence of royalties and a lump-sum contribution, which is provided by installments;
3. the lump-sum contribution is symbolic or absent, and royalties are not paid in the first 2-4 months. Thus, the franchisor gives the franchisee time to get the business back on its feet.

Why is the franchise never going to be 100% free?

You can right now cross out all of the above with the franchises found on the Internet “without lump sums and royalties”. Yes, there are those too! For example, the Button Blue franchise (sale of children's clothing) or Dobrota.ru (sale of medical and cosmetic products). Franchisors, surprisingly, do not require any fees at all.

BUT! They openly report that the franchisee will have to carry out a series of activities to prepare the business:

• search for premises;
• conclusion of a lease agreement;
• repair and Finishing work in room;
• equipment;
• purchase of goods;
• decor required licenses;
• preparation of documents.

What do you think, is it possible to do all this without investments? That is why such franchisors, when selling their business models, set the amounts that will be required as start-up capital. Providing funds for all this is 100% the task of the franchisee.

5 types of franchise work without investment

If you don’t have money from the word “at all”, but you even see yourself as an entrepreneur in your dreams, this section will be for you. In fact, there are 5 options to open a franchise business without investment.

Investment is everything.

Have you suddenly realized that selling ice cream according to old French recipes is your childhood dream and life's work? Great! In this case, look for an investor.

What will be required? Just a smart business plan. Your task is to convince a potential investor that, having invested in your franchise business, he will soon buy a private jet for himself.

Earn trust.

If you have a desire to work on a particular franchise, convince the franchisor to trust you. Get to know his business model more closely, delve into all the internal processes, show your sincere interest in his business. Experienced franchisors, as a rule, understand that for a poor entrepreneur who is ready to plow for business development 24 hours a day, the business will quickly begin to flourish and make a profit, while for an indifferent millionaire, even a super profitable startup will wither away.

Become an implementer.

We are talking about franchises for sale. In fact, the franchisor gives you a product for a certain amount, and your task is to sell it. This is especially true in sales and services. That is, you get a ready-made store or other outlet filled with goods.

What do you need to know? Typically, goods in such business models are issued on an installment plan. For example, for six months. If you managed to implement everything in 6 months, the flag is in your hands. If not to the end - please, pay the franchisor for the remaining products you have. List of franchises without investments for implementation:

• TOM FARR;
• medicine;
• Fabretti.

By entering the names in search engines, you can easily find out what and under what conditions the above franchisors offer. This option is perfect for entrepreneurs who really know how to sell.

Dive into network business.

Despite public censure and discussion, the network business is really capable of bringing good income. Again, this option is only suitable for those who know how or are eager to sell. Contact any brand network company and submit your nomination. Rest assured, network businessmen will be happy to provide you with the necessary goods. Further, everything depends on you. This type can be attributed to reverse franchising, where the franchisor provides a full service business.

No lump-sum contributions.

Many franchise companies do not require lump-sum fees, in addition, they give deferrals for paying royalties. This option is ideal if the franchisor also gives the goods in installments. In this case, investments will be either minimal or not required at all.

Ready-made franchise business without investments: what does the Internet offer?

The main idea of ​​franchising is that the business processes of doing business with a specific product or service are transferred to the franchisee, as well as training, the ability to use the company's brand, etc. Many franchises only hide behind the phrase "no investment", but in fact, unforeseen expenses will fall on your shoulders that will slow down your income. Business options without initial investment:

1. eCosway. international company from Malaysia, which provides you with an online store. An offline point is provided to you for a sufficiently large turnover in the business - the company pays for the rental of premises, design, public utilities, conducts the purchase of goods and equipment. Your task is to develop the business. And forget about investments.
2. NLinternational. An international company from Russia that provides an online store, product, marketing materials, training, business processes, delivery and service is also on the shoulders of the parent company. When the turnover in the business reaches a certain level, you can open your offline store, but before that you need to register as an individual entrepreneur.

What is most interesting is that finding such franchising offers now is not a problem. The 21st century opens up really good business opportunities even for those who have no money, but have a great desire to develop their business.

Take a franchise without investments: pitfalls

Unfortunately, every barrel of honey has its own fly in the ointment. The most common "nuances" of franchises without investments:

legal dead loop. Franchisors are often very clever when it comes to offering someone a franchise for free. Often, the contract contains too stringent conditions that are almost impossible to implement.

For example, you may be offered to sell children's clothing, while the franchisor provides the goods in installments. Under the terms of the contract, the goods are provided in the amount of 1,000,000 rubles, and you must sell in the first month for 500,000 rubles. Those who understand trading know that this is unrealistic.

Tip: before contacting "free cheese", contact the experts, talk to the owners of similar stores. It is possible that the franchisor puts unrealistic conditions in front of you, thereby dooming you to bankruptcy and endless fines.

self-confidence. Nothing destroys entrepreneurs like excessive pride and self-confidence. Even if you are 200% sure that your entire city has been dreaming of tasting sweets based on oriental motives all your life, don’t agree to sign such a franchise until you get a full-fledged study of your market from an expert point of view.

Tip: contact marketers, statistical centers. Now, when you have statistical studies, analyzes, results of opinion polls in your hands, then make a decision. At the very least, you will be able to soberly assess the situation and understand your chances of success.

Current niches of profitable franchises

On the Internet, you can easily find all kinds of directories that can be sorted into lists of profitable, unprofitable franchises, without investments, with millions of investments, and so on. I would just like to describe here which directions are currently in use:

1. All for children. As you know, they don’t save on the “flowers of life”. Even in times of crisis, this remains one of the most profitable areas. This should include the sale of clothes, toys, the installation of playrooms in large shopping centers, children's cafes and much more.
2. Repair services. This is one of the most profitable niches. You can do the installation of underfloor heating, interior decoration, redecoration for offices, installation of stretch ceilings and so on. In any case, if you are well versed in this, you will not lose.
3. Online store franchise (both without attachments and with attachments). The advantage of such a business model is that it covers almost all Russian cities, not limited to your city or region. You can sell almost anything. But! Experts still recommend focusing on youth needs - vapes, branded clothing, hookahs, gadget products, and so on.
4. IT technologies. Development of websites, applications, software is a very interesting and promising area. If you are good at programming codes - congratulations, you have a great opportunity to get rich in the very near future!